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	<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Andy+Culbertson</id>
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	<updated>2026-05-05T02:23:20Z</updated>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=459</id>
		<title>Software Development</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=459"/>
		<updated>2023-05-10T15:32:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added &amp;quot;Introduction to the Guide&amp;quot; to the topic outline.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a collection of notes on software development. Its main purpose is to help me raise my development's level of professionalism. It also gives me a place to air an opinion or two.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To give you an idea of my background, after some BASIC programming in my childhood and a break of many years for other interests, I returned to hobby programming just after undergrad and was able to make it my living several years later in 2006. That phase of my developer life started with Perl, and since then I've moved on to Python and XSLT. I've worked mainly in the area of text processing. JavaScript and PHP have played intermittent supporting roles for occasional web development or InDesign scripting. My projects have all been either solo or with a very small team. It's all been on Windows and mostly for the command line.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Topics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a way to organize my notes and make sure I don't miss anything important, I'll use the structure of IEEE's ''Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge'' (SWEBOK). It's a standard that overviews the entire field and forms the basis for creating things like curricula and certifications. You can [https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering/v3 download the PDF] for free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The items under the SWEBOK knowledge areas in the first level link to my notes on each topic. I've sorted the knowledge areas to approximate my preferred order, though I'll address them more haphazardly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Introduction to the Guide'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 12: Software engineering economics'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 11: Software engineering professional practice'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/License/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 14: Mathematical foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 13: Computing foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 15: Engineering foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 9: Software engineering models and methods'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 7: Software engineering management'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 10: Software quality'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 6: Software configuration management'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Control/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Numbers/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Distribution/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 8: Software engineering process'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Software Development Methodology/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Iterative and Incremental Development/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 1: Software requirements'''&lt;br /&gt;
** Requirements&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 4: Software testing'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Testing/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 2: Software design'''&lt;br /&gt;
** Design&lt;br /&gt;
** Architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** UX and UI&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 3: Software construction'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Code Style/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Project Structure/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Installation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Metadata/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Command Line Interface/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Comments/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Literate Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Docstrings/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Project Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/READMEs/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Command Line Help/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Application Configuration/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Logging/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Test-First Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 5: Software maintenance'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Refactoring/]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== [[/Sources/]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See the article linked in the heading for a list of code examples and other sources I'm drawing from.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Programming]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=458</id>
		<title>Software Development</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=458"/>
		<updated>2023-05-10T05:32:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Moved &amp;quot;Ch. 10: Software quality&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Ch. 6: Software configuration management&amp;quot; to just after &amp;quot;Ch. 7: Software engineering management.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a collection of notes on software development. Its main purpose is to help me raise my development's level of professionalism. It also gives me a place to air an opinion or two.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To give you an idea of my background, after some BASIC programming in my childhood and a break of many years for other interests, I returned to hobby programming just after undergrad and was able to make it my living several years later in 2006. That phase of my developer life started with Perl, and since then I've moved on to Python and XSLT. I've worked mainly in the area of text processing. JavaScript and PHP have played intermittent supporting roles for occasional web development or InDesign scripting. My projects have all been either solo or with a very small team. It's all been on Windows and mostly for the command line.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Topics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a way to organize my notes and make sure I don't miss anything important, I'll use the structure of IEEE's ''Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge'' (SWEBOK). It's a standard that overviews the entire field and forms the basis for creating things like curricula and certifications. You can [https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering/v3 download the PDF] for free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The items under the SWEBOK knowledge areas in the first level link to my notes on each topic. I've sorted the knowledge areas to approximate my preferred order, though I'll address them more haphazardly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 12: Software engineering economics'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 11: Software engineering professional practice'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/License/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 14: Mathematical foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 13: Computing foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 15: Engineering foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 9: Software engineering models and methods'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 7: Software engineering management'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 10: Software quality'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 6: Software configuration management'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Control/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Numbers/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Distribution/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 8: Software engineering process'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Software Development Methodology/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Iterative and Incremental Development/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 1: Software requirements'''&lt;br /&gt;
** Requirements&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 4: Software testing'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Testing/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 2: Software design'''&lt;br /&gt;
** Design&lt;br /&gt;
** Architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** UX and UI&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 3: Software construction'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Code Style/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Project Structure/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Installation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Metadata/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Command Line Interface/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Comments/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Literate Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Docstrings/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Project Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/READMEs/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Command Line Help/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Application Configuration/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Logging/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Test-First Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 5: Software maintenance'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Refactoring/]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== [[/Sources/]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See the article linked in the heading for a list of code examples and other sources I'm drawing from.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Programming]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=457</id>
		<title>Software Development</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=457"/>
		<updated>2023-05-09T15:54:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Boldfaced the top-level topics in the outline for easier reading.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a collection of notes on software development. Its main purpose is to help me raise my development's level of professionalism. It also gives me a place to air an opinion or two.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To give you an idea of my background, after some BASIC programming in my childhood and a break of many years for other interests, I returned to hobby programming just after undergrad and was able to make it my living several years later in 2006. That phase of my developer life started with Perl, and since then I've moved on to Python and XSLT. I've worked mainly in the area of text processing. JavaScript and PHP have played intermittent supporting roles for occasional web development or InDesign scripting. My projects have all been either solo or with a very small team. It's all been on Windows and mostly for the command line.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Topics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a way to organize my notes and make sure I don't miss anything important, I'll use the structure of IEEE's ''Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge'' (SWEBOK). It's a standard that overviews the entire field and forms the basis for creating things like curricula and certifications. You can [https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering/v3 download the PDF] for free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The items under the SWEBOK knowledge areas in the first level link to my notes on each topic. I've sorted the knowledge areas to approximate my preferred order, though I'll address them more haphazardly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 12: Software engineering economics'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 11: Software engineering professional practice'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/License/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 14: Mathematical foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 13: Computing foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 15: Engineering foundations'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 9: Software engineering models and methods'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 7: Software engineering management'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 8: Software engineering process'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Software Development Methodology/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Iterative and Incremental Development/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 1: Software requirements'''&lt;br /&gt;
** Requirements&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 10: Software quality'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 4: Software testing'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Testing/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 2: Software design'''&lt;br /&gt;
** Design&lt;br /&gt;
** Architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** UX and UI&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 6: Software configuration management'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Control/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Numbers/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Distribution/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 3: Software construction'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Code Style/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Project Structure/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Installation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Metadata/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Command Line Interface/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Comments/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Literate Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Docstrings/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Project Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/READMEs/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Command Line Help/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Application Configuration/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Logging/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Test-First Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ch. 5: Software maintenance'''&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Refactoring/]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== [[/Sources/]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See the article linked in the heading for a list of code examples and other sources I'm drawing from.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Programming]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=456</id>
		<title>Software Development</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=456"/>
		<updated>2023-05-09T15:49:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: In the topic outline, moved &amp;quot;Software engineering models and methods&amp;quot; to just after &amp;quot;Engineering foundations.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a collection of notes on software development. Its main purpose is to help me raise my development's level of professionalism. It also gives me a place to air an opinion or two.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To give you an idea of my background, after some BASIC programming in my childhood and a break of many years for other interests, I returned to hobby programming just after undergrad and was able to make it my living several years later in 2006. That phase of my developer life started with Perl, and since then I've moved on to Python and XSLT. I've worked mainly in the area of text processing. JavaScript and PHP have played intermittent supporting roles for occasional web development or InDesign scripting. My projects have all been either solo or with a very small team. It's all been on Windows and mostly for the command line.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Topics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a way to organize my notes and make sure I don't miss anything important, I'll use the structure of IEEE's ''Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge'' (SWEBOK). It's a standard that overviews the entire field and forms the basis for creating things like curricula and certifications. You can [https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering/v3 download the PDF] for free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The items under the SWEBOK knowledge areas in the first level link to my notes on each topic. I've sorted the knowledge areas to approximate my preferred order, though I'll address them more haphazardly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 12: Software engineering economics&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 11: Software engineering professional practice&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/License/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 14: Mathematical foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 13: Computing foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 15: Engineering foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 9: Software engineering models and methods&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 7: Software engineering management&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 8: Software engineering process&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Software Development Methodology/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Iterative and Incremental Development/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 1: Software requirements&lt;br /&gt;
** Requirements&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 10: Software quality&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 4: Software testing&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Testing/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 2: Software design&lt;br /&gt;
** Design&lt;br /&gt;
** Architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** UX and UI&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 6: Software configuration management&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Control/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Numbers/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Distribution/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 3: Software construction&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Code Style/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Project Structure/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Installation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Metadata/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Command Line Interface/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Comments/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Literate Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Docstrings/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Project Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/READMEs/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Command Line Help/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Application Configuration/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Logging/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Test-First Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 5: Software maintenance&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Refactoring/]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== [[/Sources/]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See the article linked in the heading for a list of code examples and other sources I'm drawing from.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Programming]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=455</id>
		<title>Software Development</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=455"/>
		<updated>2023-05-07T05:04:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Condensed and updated the intro. Reordered the topic outline.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a collection of notes on software development. Its main purpose is to help me raise my development's level of professionalism. It also gives me a place to air an opinion or two.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To give you an idea of my background, after some BASIC programming in my childhood and a break of many years for other interests, I returned to hobby programming just after undergrad and was able to make it my living several years later in 2006. That phase of my developer life started with Perl, and since then I've moved on to Python and XSLT. I've worked mainly in the area of text processing. JavaScript and PHP have played intermittent supporting roles for occasional web development or InDesign scripting. My projects have all been either solo or with a very small team. It's all been on Windows and mostly for the command line.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Topics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a way to organize my notes and make sure I don't miss anything important, I'll use the structure of IEEE's ''Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge'' (SWEBOK). It's a standard that overviews the entire field and forms the basis for creating things like curricula and certifications. You can [https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering/v3 download the PDF] for free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The items under the SWEBOK knowledge areas in the first level link to my notes on each topic. I've sorted the knowledge areas to approximate my preferred order, though I'll address them more haphazardly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 12: Software engineering economics&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 11: Software engineering professional practice&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/License/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 14: Mathematical foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 13: Computing foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 15: Engineering foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 7: Software engineering management&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 8: Software engineering process&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Software Development Methodology/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Iterative and Incremental Development/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 1: Software requirements&lt;br /&gt;
** Requirements&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 10: Software quality&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 4: Software testing&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Testing/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 2: Software design&lt;br /&gt;
** Design&lt;br /&gt;
** Architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** UX and UI&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 9: Software engineering models and methods&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 6: Software configuration management&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Control/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Numbers/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Distribution/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 3: Software construction&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Code Style/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Project Structure/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Installation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Metadata/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Command Line Interface/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Comments/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Literate Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Docstrings/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Project Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/READMEs/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Command Line Help/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Application Configuration/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Logging/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Test-First Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 5: Software maintenance&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Refactoring/]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== [[/Sources/]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See the article linked in the heading for a list of code examples and other sources I'm drawing from.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Programming]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=454</id>
		<title>Software Development</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=454"/>
		<updated>2023-04-16T05:56:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Reordered the SWEBOK knowledge areas.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Purpose ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a growing set of notes on various aspects of software development. Its purpose is to define a set of standard operating procedures for my programming projects.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Background ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For most of my coding life, I have been the only user of my programs. I wrote them to aid my work or personal life, and only rarely did anyone else even see my code or watch it run. This wasn't on purpose. It just turned out that way. In my current job I do belong to a small development team, but our programs are still only for in-house use, so the only needs we have to consider are our own.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This situation is starting to change. My programming projects are becoming more relevant to the outside world, and I want to share some of them as open source. This means I'm needing to reshape some of my programming practices and learn some areas of software development I've had the luxury of ignoring all these years.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I haven't completely ignored these areas, though. I pick up on them here and there as I read about how other people code or as I see them in the software I use. Knowing that I'll probably need to know about them someday, I've kept a list. And now the time has come for me to fill in the details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I'm filling in the details here in this project for two reasons. First, as I learn, writing helps me clarify my thoughts and keep them flowing. And second, posting my writing might help other people. So if you're like me and you've programmed mainly for yourself--what I call private coding--and you're starting to share your work with others--public coding--then maybe what I've learned so far can grease some of your own planning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Method ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project consists of my reading other developers' advice, examining their code, deciding what to adopt and how to adapt it to my needs and preferences, and creating templates, procedures, reference materials, and anything else that might help me code well for a public user base.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To show how I'm implementing these ideas in my own code, I'll refer to [https://github.com/thinkulum my GitHub repositories] throughout the project, mainly my templates for [https://github.com/audreyr/cookiecutter cookiecutter], a Python app that creates project skeletons for any language, and my snippets for [https://www.sublimetext.com/ Sublime Text 2], the text editor I use. Snippets are templates Sublime inserts wherever you type the corresponding trigger strings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Limitations ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To give you an idea of my background, I've worked for the past 15 or so years in the publishing industry doing mostly text processing and some web development. The languages I'm most familiar with are Perl, Python, XSLT, and some JavaScript, with a smattering of PHP and VBA. I've spent almost all my time in Windows. I hope to branch out into at least Linux in the future, if only to expand my mind.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project will be oriented toward Python for now, but I imagine a lot of its suggestions apply to other languages too. At this point it also centers around desktop command-line programs, but I'm hoping to expand it into other interfaces and environments.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Feedback ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since this project is a place for me to learn, I welcome feedback, and I'm always open to arguments that my choices could be improved or suggestions for things I've missed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Topics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a way to organize my notes and make sure I don't miss anything important, I'll use the structure of IEEE's ''Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge'' (SWEBOK). It's a standard that overviews the entire field and forms the basis for creating things like curricula and certifications. You can [https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering/v3 download the PDF] for free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The items under the SWEBOK knowledge areas in the first level link to my notes on each topic. I've sorted the knowledge areas to approximate my preferred order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 7: Software engineering management&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 8: Software engineering process&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Software Development Methodology/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Iterative and Incremental Development/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 1: Software requirements&lt;br /&gt;
** Requirements&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 2: Software design&lt;br /&gt;
** Design&lt;br /&gt;
** Architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** UX and UI&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 9: Software engineering models and methods&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 6: Software configuration management&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Control/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Numbers/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Distribution/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 3: Software construction&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Code Style/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Project Structure/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Installation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Metadata/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Command Line Interface/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Comments/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Literate Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Docstrings/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Project Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/READMEs/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Command Line Help/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Application Configuration/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Logging/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Test-First Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 10: Software quality&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 4: Software testing&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Testing/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 5: Software maintenance&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Refactoring/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 11: Software engineering professional practice&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/License/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 12: Software engineering economics&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 13: Computing foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 14: Mathematical foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 15: Engineering foundations&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== [[/Sources/]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See the article linked in the heading for a list of code examples and other sources I'm drawing from.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Programming]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=453</id>
		<title>Software Development</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development&amp;diff=453"/>
		<updated>2023-04-16T04:06:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Made minor changes to the topics intro, updated the SWEBOK download link, and added chapter numbers and placeholder topics.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Purpose ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a growing set of notes on various aspects of software development. Its purpose is to define a set of standard operating procedures for my programming projects.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Background ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For most of my coding life, I have been the only user of my programs. I wrote them to aid my work or personal life, and only rarely did anyone else even see my code or watch it run. This wasn't on purpose. It just turned out that way. In my current job I do belong to a small development team, but our programs are still only for in-house use, so the only needs we have to consider are our own.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This situation is starting to change. My programming projects are becoming more relevant to the outside world, and I want to share some of them as open source. This means I'm needing to reshape some of my programming practices and learn some areas of software development I've had the luxury of ignoring all these years.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I haven't completely ignored these areas, though. I pick up on them here and there as I read about how other people code or as I see them in the software I use. Knowing that I'll probably need to know about them someday, I've kept a list. And now the time has come for me to fill in the details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I'm filling in the details here in this project for two reasons. First, as I learn, writing helps me clarify my thoughts and keep them flowing. And second, posting my writing might help other people. So if you're like me and you've programmed mainly for yourself--what I call private coding--and you're starting to share your work with others--public coding--then maybe what I've learned so far can grease some of your own planning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Method ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project consists of my reading other developers' advice, examining their code, deciding what to adopt and how to adapt it to my needs and preferences, and creating templates, procedures, reference materials, and anything else that might help me code well for a public user base.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To show how I'm implementing these ideas in my own code, I'll refer to [https://github.com/thinkulum my GitHub repositories] throughout the project, mainly my templates for [https://github.com/audreyr/cookiecutter cookiecutter], a Python app that creates project skeletons for any language, and my snippets for [https://www.sublimetext.com/ Sublime Text 2], the text editor I use. Snippets are templates Sublime inserts wherever you type the corresponding trigger strings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Limitations ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To give you an idea of my background, I've worked for the past 15 or so years in the publishing industry doing mostly text processing and some web development. The languages I'm most familiar with are Perl, Python, XSLT, and some JavaScript, with a smattering of PHP and VBA. I've spent almost all my time in Windows. I hope to branch out into at least Linux in the future, if only to expand my mind.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project will be oriented toward Python for now, but I imagine a lot of its suggestions apply to other languages too. At this point it also centers around desktop command-line programs, but I'm hoping to expand it into other interfaces and environments.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Feedback ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since this project is a place for me to learn, I welcome feedback, and I'm always open to arguments that my choices could be improved or suggestions for things I've missed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Topics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a way to organize my notes and make sure I don't miss anything important, I'll use the structure of IEEE's ''Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge'' (SWEBOK). It's a standard that overviews the entire field and forms the basis for creating things like curricula and certifications. You can [https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering/v3 download the PDF] for free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The items under the SWEBOK knowledge areas in the first level link to my notes on each topic.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 1: Software requirements&lt;br /&gt;
** Requirements&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 2: Software design&lt;br /&gt;
** Design&lt;br /&gt;
** Architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** UX and UI&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 3: Software construction&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Code Style/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Project Structure/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Installation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Metadata/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Command Line Interface/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Comments/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Literate Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Docstrings/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Project Documentation/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/READMEs/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Command Line Help/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Application Configuration/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Logging/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Test-First Programming/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 4: Software testing&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Testing/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 5: Software maintenance&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Refactoring/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 6: Software configuration management&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Control/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Version Numbers/]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Distribution/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 7: Software engineering management&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 8: Software engineering process&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/Software Development Methodology/]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** [[/Iterative and Incremental Development/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 9: Software engineering models and methods&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 10: Software quality&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 11: Software engineering professional practice&lt;br /&gt;
** [[/License/]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 12: Software engineering economics&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 13: Computing foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 14: Mathematical foundations&lt;br /&gt;
* Ch. 15: Engineering foundations&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== [[/Sources/]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See the article linked in the heading for a list of code examples and other sources I'm drawing from.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Programming]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=452</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=452"/>
		<updated>2023-01-16T20:15:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added a hidden Mastodon link for verification.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Welcome ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is my public, personal wiki, a home for my essays and other projects. My blog is [http://www.thinkulum.net/blog here].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Topics ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;amp;quot;wikitable&amp;amp;quot; width=&amp;amp;quot;100%&amp;amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- style=&amp;amp;quot;vertical-align: top&amp;amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
* '''[[:Category:Religion|Religion]]'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''[[:Category:Philosophy|Philosophy]]'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''[[:Category:Social science|Social science]]'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''[[:Category:Arts|The arts]]'''&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
* '''[[:Category:STEM|STEM]]''' (science, technology, engineering, math)&lt;br /&gt;
* '''[[:Category:Weirdness|Weirdness]]'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''[[:Category:Life maintenance|Life maintenance]]'''&lt;br /&gt;
* '''[[:Category:Site|Site]]'''&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- &amp;lt;a rel=&amp;quot;me&amp;quot; href=&amp;quot;https://sigmoid.social/@thinkulum&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Mastodon&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt; --!&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=File:Thinkulum_logo_medium_01.png&amp;diff=451</id>
		<title>File:Thinkulum logo medium 01.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=File:Thinkulum_logo_medium_01.png&amp;diff=451"/>
		<updated>2021-04-18T03:05:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Thinkulum logo&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Summary ==&lt;br /&gt;
Thinkulum logo&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Category:Learning&amp;diff=448</id>
		<title>Category:Learning</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Category:Learning&amp;diff=448"/>
		<updated>2020-03-07T23:19:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the category.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Social science]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=A_Framework_and_Agenda_for_Memory_Improvement&amp;diff=447</id>
		<title>A Framework and Agenda for Memory Improvement</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=A_Framework_and_Agenda_for_Memory_Improvement&amp;diff=447"/>
		<updated>2020-03-07T23:19:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Changed the category to Learning&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Version 0.1.0, 2012-03-29&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Motivation ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My mind is like a murky lake. Along the shore are ropes leading into the water, and at the submerged end of each rope is a net. The ends I can see are questions life asks me that I need to answer from the contents of my mind, and the nets contain the answers I can provide. The ropes are of different lengths, and the nets are of different sizes. The big nets contain detailed and extensive answers, and the small ones contain little but ignorance. The short ropes lead to answers I know that I know and can pull to shore readily. The long ropes are the scary ones. Until the nets have emerged, I never truly know how long the ropes are or what will be at the end. Maybe the nets will have the answers I need; maybe they’ll be disappointingly, frighteningly lacking. Maybe the nets will reach the shore by the time I need the answers; maybe the ropes will be too long for the time I have to pull them. I don’t know how much information is in my mind to meet the needs of the moment or how long it will take to retrieve it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All this would be fine, except that most of the things I like to do—synthesizing and discussing ideas, programming, being a resource of information for people—require a memory that is clear and reliable, if I want to do them well. And I do. Plus, I like the sense of clarity, awareness, and familiarity I get from knowing things about the world around me.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I’ve had this gripe against my mind for over a decade, and I’ve finally decided to do something about it. I’m studying memory improvement techniques. It’s turning out to be a much more complex topic than I expected, but at this point I’ve gotten far enough to shape my basic ideas on the subject and to form some goals. So to give myself a milestone and something to show for my work so far, I’m writing for you this summary. Since this is an interim report, I’ll continue to develop these ideas as the project progresses. The concepts, terms, organization, and agenda are all subject to change.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Sources ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where am I getting my information? Two kinds of sources interest me: reports of scientific research on memory and popular memory improvement literature. I look at the research because I want my techniques to be grounded in reality rather than marketing hype. And I look at the popular literature because it offers creative examples for applying the techniques, which I can then analyze and generalize to create a more expansive and flexible system.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For this project I started on the research end of the spectrum with Kenneth Higbee’s ''Your Memory: How It Works and How to Improve It'' and some of Alan Baddeley’s much more recent ''Your Memory: A User’s Guide''. At some point I would also like to read ''Mnemonology'' by James Worthen and R. Reed Hunt, which I found while writing this essay, to see how my ideas about the principles behind mnemonics stack up against actual research. But in this summary I’ll mainly be citing Higbee and my own experience, because the material I’ve read in Baddeley has been more specialized and not as applicable to the topics I’m covering here. On the popular end, so far I’ve only dabbled in a few books and articles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Overview ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My project has a relatively narrow focus. Memory is a pervasive part of everything we do in everyday life, and there are several types of memory. But while it’s all important, I want to focus on ways to memorize information for long-term recall.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I’m partly aiming for a computer programming approach to human memory. Programming is an excellent grid through which to examine many areas of life, especially areas that involve problem solving or designing systems that will perform tasks intelligently. It’s helpful for these purposes because it involves breaking down a domain into parts, relating them logically, and performing operations on them to achieve specific goals. It’s concrete and practical.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Programming is especially good for dealing with human memory because computers have their own form of memory, and the tasks we need to perform with both types are largely the same. We need to store information, modify it, and retrieve it in various arrangements, though human memory certainly works differently from computer memory in some major ways. I’ll draw out these ideas as I go along. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My overall approach is to view memory as an interconnected set of components that can nevertheless be treated modularly so they can be assembled to solve a large variety of problems. I divide my analysis of memory into three parts: the basic components that are involved storing and retrieving information in memory, the basic skills of memorization that use these components, and the ways we can apply these skills to various memory tasks.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Components of Memory ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By the components of memory, I mean the basic structures we create with information in the mind and the basic operations we perform to store and retrieve it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Memory is a set of subsystems rather than a single structure in the brain {Higbee 2}, and each system handles a different type of information, such as visual or verbal {37-38}. It would be great if I could use the brain’s organization to lay out the principles of memory here. But I don’t know nearly enough about how memory is organized in the brain, and I’m not sure neuroscientists do either {Baddeley 11}. So I’ve attempted to come up with more of a functional framework for arranging the common memory principles and techniques. Most of psychology is about identifying the mind’s API, the things we do from the surface of the mind to achieve the effects we want, regardless of how the brain is doing things on the back end. Still, knowing the implementation can be useful, so I like to hear about the progress neuroscience is making on memory.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To memorize information for recall, you’ll need to transfer it from '''short-term''' to '''long-term''' memory. Short-term memory lasts only a few seconds and can contain only around seven items at a time. If the information in short-term memory goes through an encoding process, it’s stored in long-term memory and can potentially be accessed for a lifetime {Higbee 19, 20, 23}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To make this transfer, you’ll need to put to work several factors. So far I’ve grouped them into three categories: description, significance, and maintenance. You’ll need to notice important characteristics and associations of the information, you’ll need to signal to yourself that the information is worth remembering, and you’ll need to keep your memory equipment in working order. The first two, which I’ll call the memorization components, relate to working with specific items of information, and the last relates to the overall operation of your brain’s memory systems. For this summary I’ll only discuss the memorization components, because I’ve done almost no research on the maintenance component, factors such as diet and rest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Description ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My view is that the mind '''stores''' information by indexing it according to its '''properties''' {50}, which amount to a description of the item. It '''retrieves''' information when it receives a reminder, which gives it one or more properties to search by. Memory researchers call the reminders '''cues''' {26}. A word, for example, is often recalled based on its first letter, its sound, or its meaning {30}. This is why you can often recall a word by reciting the alphabet, looking for the word’s first letter {100}. You can also see this property indexing at work when you remember the wrong word and find that it resembles the word you’re looking for in one or more of these ways.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Items =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the purposes of this project, an '''information item''' is any set of information you’re treating as a unit. It’s actually a stretchy concept. Our minds can almost always subdivide information into smaller pieces or group it into larger ones. Whatever you’re treating as a unit at the time is an item in that context. This expandability of information is a very important feature that makes it possible to create all kinds of useful associations for memory, as we’ll see later.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some information is easier to think of as a single, simple unit, such as the translation of a single English word into another language, and some is easier to think of as a group of smaller items, such as a grocery list or a whole chapter of a book. I’ll call the simple items '''unitary''' items and the groups '''collective''' items. Since pretty much any information can be subdivided, it’s technically all collective. But these categories are meant to help you in memorizing. Hence, the way you categorize any particular item is somewhat subjective and relative to your purpose for it at the time. I’ll explore the ways these categories can help you later in the essay.&lt;br /&gt;
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What kinds of information items are there? An item can be something more like an object or something more like a sentence, and really you could look at any item as one or the other. So you might memorize the flag of each country and treat each flag as an object, but in the back of your mind, you’re also memorizing a statement that goes something like, “The flag of Algeria looks like this.”&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Properties =====&lt;br /&gt;
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A property of an item of information is anything you can say about it. Really it’s just another piece of information that’s somehow related to the item you’re dealing with. In fact, I think of an item of information as being completely made of its properties. An information item is a set of information that someone has bundled into a package and maybe given a label, which is just another one of its properties. For the purposes of memory, there are at least a couple of ways to look at properties. You can think of a property as a handle for an information item that the mind can grab when it’s looking for the item. And you can also think of properties as parts of the item that you can then focus on as items in themselves.&lt;br /&gt;
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I also like to think of properties as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework RDF] triples. That is, a property can be stated in terms of three parts: a subject, a predicate, and an object. For example, one property of tree bark is that it’s rough. That is, it has a texture of roughness. “Tree bark” is the subject, “has a texture of” is the predicate, and “roughness” is the object. Splitting up a property in this way can help you think about enhancing and organizing the material you’re studying, which I’ll cover below.&lt;br /&gt;
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I divide properties into a few somewhat fuzzy categories to help me get a handle on them. One division is between internal and external properties. An '''internal''' property is any characteristic that the item has on its own. I’ll call internal properties '''features'''. An '''external''' property is any connection it has with other information. I’ll call the external properties '''connections'''. If I’m looking at a tree, one of its internal properties is that it has green leaves. An external property might be another tree it reminds me of.&lt;br /&gt;
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Another division I make is between natural and incidental properties. '''Natural''' properties are related to the item’s meaning, and '''incidental''' properties are any other kind. For example, a natural internal property of the word ''horse'' would be its definition in a dictionary or an image of a horse. An incidental internal property would be the way the word looks in a particular font. A natural external property would be the fact that a jockey rides a horse. An incidental external property would be the fact that horse and helicopter start with the same letter. The fact that an item’s storable properties can stray so far from its typical meaning becomes very useful when you’re memorizing information that has very little significance to you or that has no logical structure, such as a list of random words. Memory researchers call these incidental external properties '''elaborations''' {Higbee 94}. We will see this feature of memory come into play when we discuss mnemonics.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Storage =====&lt;br /&gt;
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I also divide memory storage activity into two categories, '''active''' and '''passive'''. These categories apply to both description and the other memorization component, significance. Even without consciously trying, your mind engages in memorizing all the time. For example, people tend to remember where they were when a national tragedy took place. It might not always be the memorizing you expect or need, but you can take advantage of this passive activity and use it to supplement your conscious memorizing.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Retrieval =====&lt;br /&gt;
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As I mentioned above, the mind retrieves information when it receives a reminder, called a cue. A cue is anything that either reminds you there’s something you need to remember or simply reminds you of something you do remember. It’s like a question for you to answer or a sentence with a blank to fill in. It provides you with some of the properties of the information and leaves you to find the rest of the item.&lt;br /&gt;
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As with everything else, I divide retrieval of information into several categories. First, like storage, retrieval can happen passively or actively. I’ve observed that cues tend to happen in chains—one thing reminds you of another, which reminds you of another, and so on—and the chains tend to start with cues from your surroundings. The cues that bring up information from your mind without any effort from you are triggering '''passive''' retrieval. When the cues remind you of your need or desire to remember something and then you search your mind for the information, you give yourself a series of cues that could trigger your recall, and this search is a process of '''active''' retrieval. These cues can be either '''parallel''' or '''chained'''. That is, the cues may be independent of each other, or each cue may remind you of the next.&lt;br /&gt;
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It can also happen at different levels of consciousness. '''Explicit learning''' is retrieval with a conscious awareness that you’ve recalled something. '''Implicit learning''' is retrieval that happens unconsciously; you simply act on the information you’ve retrieved without being aware that you’ve retrieved anything {Baddeley 21}.&lt;br /&gt;
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And retrieval can happen more or less completely. '''Recall''' is the fullest level of retrieval, in which the whole item or set of information is brought to mind with only a starting cue. '''Recognition''' is less complete and more or less amounts to identifying the information you’re viewing as information you’ve seen before. Rate of '''relearning''' measures a subtle level of retrieval, in which you’re able to relearn information you’ve learned before in less time than you took to learn it at first. Your mind retains traces of the material from the first learning effort, so it doesn’t have to do as much work to learn it to the level of recall again {Higbee 26-27}.&lt;br /&gt;
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In this project, as I’ve said, I’ll be focusing on conscious storage for recall.&lt;br /&gt;
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Memory researchers have terms for several patterns of recall. When recall happens because it has been intentionally cued, they call it '''aided recall'''. Recall that happens in any order and without a specific external cue is termed '''free-recall''' {26}. Recall seems to be easier when it’s aided {100}, so it’s best to concentrate on memorizing specific properties of an item so they can reliably serve as cues. Most of my project will concern this strategy.&lt;br /&gt;
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When you recall items in a specific order, memory researchers call it '''sequential learning'''. When one item cues your recall of a second, they call it '''paired-associate learning''' {26}. Most of the memory techniques I’ve seen amount to different forms of aided recall using paired-associate learning. Even sequential learning can be reduced to a series of paired-associate tasks, where each item is the cue for the next in the list {133}.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Interference =====&lt;br /&gt;
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A persistent problem for memory is what memory researchers call interference, the problem of confusing parts of something you’ve learned with parts of something else you learned before or after it {34}. This is different from the problem of strong emotions blocking your ability to learn or recall things, which I talk about in the “External emotional significance” section below. That could be seen as another type of interference, but memory researchers don’t call it that.&lt;br /&gt;
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To combat interference, each item you memorize needs to be unique in a memorable way. That is, it needs to have a unique set of properties. You can think of the items of information as being assigned unique addresses in your memory. The address is made of the item’s unique combination of properties. If two items aren’t meant to live at the same address, assign them different enough sets of properties that they’ll stay separate in your mind. Part of this memory improvement project will be to come up with ways to do that.&lt;br /&gt;
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==== Significance ====&lt;br /&gt;
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The second major aspect of memorization I identify is significance. For the mind to memorize something, it has to believe that it’s worth remembering. Here are some of the ways that can happen. Again, I’ve grouped them so they’re easier to remember. My categories for significance are familiarity, emotion, expression, timing, and interaction.&lt;br /&gt;
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Some of the categories from the description discussion apply to various aspects of significance as well—passive and active, internal and external. I’ll expand on them in the sections that follow.&lt;br /&gt;
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An item can gain significance as you discover its properties, such as other items that connect to it. For example, a man’s name may mean nothing to you and be quite forgettable until you learn he’s a brother you never knew you had. This ability of one item to elevate the significance of other items will be very important for the memory techniques I discuss later.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Familiarity =====&lt;br /&gt;
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One obvious type of familiarity is '''knowledge'''. Information you’ve learned before is generally more significant to you than new information. This is important for two reasons. First, if you’ve already learned an item but you don’t remember it well, it will still be easier to learn than information you’ve never seen before {27}. Second, as we’ll see in the observation section, you can use more significant information, such as items you’ve already learned, to increase the significance of other information you’re learning {47}.&lt;br /&gt;
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A different type of familiarity that carries significance is '''sense'''. That is, information you can understand is usually more memorable than nonsense. I think of sense as a type of familiarity in that you understand a piece of information when it conforms to your existing, familiar patterns of thought as well as connecting with your prior knowledge.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Emotion =====&lt;br /&gt;
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Emotion can lend great significance to information, making it easy to remember, though in some cases emotion can be a hindrance to memory.&lt;br /&gt;
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The emotion involved doesn’t need to be intense for it to help memory. In fact, it can be very slight. It just needs to be enough to make the material stand out as important in some way. Emotion that’s too intense may distort your understanding of the information anyway.&lt;br /&gt;
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====== Internal emotional significance ======&lt;br /&gt;
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In terms of emotion, I define '''internal significance''' as significance that is derived from the item’s properties.&lt;br /&gt;
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Internal emotional significance means that the item has properties that catch your attention. The information could be funny, surprising, fascinating, outrageous, impressive, disgusting, frightening, exciting, sensible, or touching, for example. Any property of the information—internal or external, natural or incidental, passive or active—can have significance that aids in remembering that information.&lt;br /&gt;
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Uniqueness, or novelty, while most important for separating similar information, also adds an element of significance to the information, if the item is unique in some way that feels significant {107}. It carries a sense of specialness: This item is worth paying attention to because it is one of a kind.&lt;br /&gt;
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On a subtler level, simply having a purpose can make an item more significant, even if it gets its purpose simply from being placed in a list or given a name. These features convey the sense that the item is supposed to be there.&lt;br /&gt;
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Internal emotional significance can be active or passive. Passive significance is reflected in the simple experience of emotionally reacting to the information you’re studying. The information is the type that is already important to you. Hence, I call this kind of significance '''reaction'''. Again, it doesn’t have to be a strong reaction, just a distinct one. A reaction doesn’t necessarily cement the details in your mind, so you may need to supplement your reaction with specific memorizing techniques, but it makes a difference.&lt;br /&gt;
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Taking the right '''attitude''' toward the material you’re learning is one example of active internal emotional significance. That is, you purposely see the information as significant. To do this, you take an interest in what you’re learning. You look for ways the information could be interesting or important or cause some other reaction in you, whether through the information’s features or connections, even though those ways aren’t obvious to you at first.&lt;br /&gt;
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====== External emotional significance ======&lt;br /&gt;
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I define external emotional significance as significance that the learner imposes on the information, whether actively or passively, because of the way the learner is feeling apart from the information itself. I haven’t explored this topic very far, and the books I’ve read don’t really cover it, so I’ll just mention it briefly.&lt;br /&gt;
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On the passive side, strong emotions, such as during a traumatic experience, can cement even random facts into your mind. In addition, events that happen directly in relation to the material you’re learning will often lend them significance. For example, the embarrassment of getting an answer wrong in front of other people makes the right information feel very important, and afterward it tends to stick in the mind!&lt;br /&gt;
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Similarly, the shift from confusion to understanding can give an item significance. Once an incomprehensible item makes sense, the feelings of relief and inspiration you get from finally understanding it can make it more significant.&lt;br /&gt;
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Necessity is another factor that can catch your attention. If the information is simple enough, knowing you need to know it can make it more memorable. Unless the necessity comes with a lot of stress, that is. Stress works against memory, which I discuss below.&lt;br /&gt;
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On the active side, you may be able to set an emotional tone for your study time via music, narrative, or some other form of art, and as you interpret the information by that mood, you may see new properties of it pop out as significant.&lt;br /&gt;
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But emotion also can hinder learning. In particular, stress works against both memorizing and recalling things {64-66}. I believe this is partly because stress and other strong emotions draw your attention away from what you’re learning and recalling, but I suspect there are other processes at work as well. My experience is that the mind can lock up under stress {Gladwell}.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Expression =====&lt;br /&gt;
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The mind has several ways of taking in and processing information: visual, verbal, musical, narrative, kinesthetic. I’ll call them modes of expression. Some of these types of information are more memorable than others. It differs from person to person, but there are some trends. Visual information, for example, especially spatial, tends to be very easy for most people to remember {Higbee 37-39}.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Timing =====&lt;br /&gt;
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I’ve encountered a few observations related to the timing of memory storage and retrieval relative to other things. I’ll probably try to generalize these later.&lt;br /&gt;
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You remember items in a list more or less easily depending on their position in the list {53}.&lt;br /&gt;
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You remember better things you learn just before sleeping and less well things you learn right after sleeping {44}.&lt;br /&gt;
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Most forgetting happens soon after learning. The rate slows down and levels off after that {35}.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Interaction =====&lt;br /&gt;
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Your interaction with the material over time, even without any notable emotion, can lend the material significance.&lt;br /&gt;
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====== Attention ======&lt;br /&gt;
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Paying attention to the material you’re learning is one of the most basic and important ways of creating significance for it. Of course, you have to pay attention in order to notice things about the information and build up its properties in your mind {59}, but attention also clues your mind in that the information is important. This goes for any active part of memorization.&lt;br /&gt;
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====== Repetition ======&lt;br /&gt;
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I define '''repetition''' as repeated storage of an item in memory. Memory researchers know that spaced repetition is a key factor of learning {78-80}. I don’t know how it works out neurologically, but my interpretation is that being exposed to the same information repeatedly over a long period of time clues the mind in that it’s important.&lt;br /&gt;
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Many people think this type of repetition is what memorizing is. Reading over the information a few times is their only technique. But by itself, it’s really a very flimsy one, and we have many more resources at our disposal for planting information firmly in our minds {62}, which of course are the subject of this project.&lt;br /&gt;
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====== Recitation ======&lt;br /&gt;
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I define '''recitation''' as repeated retrieval of an item from memory. It seems to me that forcing yourself to recall information using spaced repetition is even more effective than simply exposing yourself to the information {83}. This is why flashcards are an effective study tool.&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Memory skills ===&lt;br /&gt;
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We can make use of these memorization components by exercising various skills. I don’t think I’ll have a real grasp on this section until I’ve experimented much more with different learning techniques. But I’ve grouped the skills I’ve found so far into several interrelated categories that loosely form a sequence: focusing, observing, selecting, enhancing, organizing, associating, rehearsing, and searching. The first of these is a general skill, the next several are storage skills, and the last is a retrieval skill. To memorize for long-term recall, you need to corral your attention, ask yourself questions about the information, pick out the information you need to know and the other information that will help you remember it, get the information into an easily memorizable form, arrange it all so you can easily link the information together, mentally form the connections, cement the connections over time, and then search your mind for the information when it’s time to recall it. In reality when studying various types of material for different purposes, you’ll mix these skills together rather than following them in a set sequence.&lt;br /&gt;
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==== Focusing ====&lt;br /&gt;
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Attention is a fundamental requirement both for active memorizing and for retrieval. So the first set of skills you’ll want to employ are those that focus the attention. The goal with these practices is to remove external and internal distractions.&lt;br /&gt;
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For external distractions, you’ll need to find a place and time that will keep you away from them. Find a quiet spot in the house, turn off the TV, go to the library, whatever circumstances you find the least distracting. You may have to observe yourself for a while and experiment with different setups. I like to sit in my car in a parking lot when I’m doing work that requires concentration.&lt;br /&gt;
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For internal distractions, you’ll need to settle or temporarily put aside disruptive thoughts and emotions. As I mentioned above, strong emotion, especially stress, can be a distraction from learning. So it pays to learn to relax and to remove stressors from your life. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises can go a long way to calm intrusive emotions.&lt;br /&gt;
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For thoughts that pull you away from the task at hand, it helps to write them down or tell them to someone, at least in summary form. That gives the part of your mind that’s concerned about them the assurance that you’ve given those thoughts some of the attention they deserve and that you’ll deal with them later, even if you haven’t completely resolved them now.&lt;br /&gt;
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And if you’re feeling worried about your memory’s performance when it’s time for recall, then the answer is to build your confidence. Your general confidence in your memory will grow as you practice the skills over time, especially when memorizing ''isn’t'' crucial. Then when you need to memorize something and the stakes are higher, studying to the extent that you overlearn the material will build your confidence that you know it, which will reduce your stress when it comes time to recall it {64-66}.&lt;br /&gt;
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Even if potential distractions are nearby, you may also find certain physical conditions for your study session that put you in a frame of mind for concentrating, such as playing certain kinds of music or simply sitting at a desk or in a room that over time you’ve associated with focused work {69}.&lt;br /&gt;
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In addition to removing distractions, you can help yourself focus by your attitude—gaining an interest in the material you’re learning. This has the added benefit of making the material more significant, which will make it easier to remember {70-71}.&lt;br /&gt;
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You can do a number of things to create interest while studying, which I’ll talk about below. But it can help to start the study session by reminding yourself of the reasons focus and interest are important. And if you can find reasons that are actually important to you personally and not simply reasons other people have for learning, that will be more convincing to you.&lt;br /&gt;
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==== Observing ====&lt;br /&gt;
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The rest of the skills relate to working with the specific information you’re memorizing.&lt;br /&gt;
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'''Observation''' is the skill of directing the attention to the specifics of what you’re learning, now that you’ve focused that attention. It’s the skill of noticing an item’s properties, both internal and external (its features and connections). These are the handles you’ll use to retrieve the information, and the main purpose of observation is to prepare the material you’re learning for planting in your mind via association and rehearsal.&lt;br /&gt;
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For this skill, keep in mind that I’m using the word ''item'' flexibly. An item can be anything from a single word to a whole book, to use a verbal example. An item can be subdivided into other items so you can concentrate on memorizing them separately, or it can be combined with other items to form a new whole, a process I’ll cover in the association section below. Before an item is subdivided, you can think of its sub-items as some of its properties.&lt;br /&gt;
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One good way to direct your attention is to ask yourself questions. A question is a type of cue. It gives you a set of properties and prompts you to find the item that matches them and to answer with a label that represents the item. The difference between an observation question and a recall cue is that when you’re observing, you’re looking for items in the material you’re studying as well as in your mind.&lt;br /&gt;
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Since observation plays a part in several of the other memorization skills, questions are a tool that will appear in several of the following sections.&lt;br /&gt;
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==== Selecting ====&lt;br /&gt;
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The most straightforward task related to observation is what I’ll call '''selection'''. This is the skill of identifying which information is worth noticing.&lt;br /&gt;
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Two other questions will help you discover which information that is. First, what do you need to know from this set of information? Or coming at it from the other side, what cues do you expect to receive for recalling the information? And second, what information will help you remember it? The answer to this one encompasses at least two types of information. One type is information that’s significant to you, since we can use that to raise the significance of less memorable information. The other type is information that may be in your mind at the time you need to remember the item, such as another item you’ve just recalled. This information can act as a cue if you’ve associated it with the item in question.&lt;br /&gt;
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These two types of information worth noticing are another example of an internal-external division. The cues (which tell you what you need to know) indicate what information is important to your circumstances (which are external to you), and significance indicates what information is important to your mind (which is internal to you). Of course, the same information may be important to both. I’ll call the cue-based information '''important''' information and the significance-based information '''memorable''' information.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Important information =====&lt;br /&gt;
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Two main reasons for observing properties that are related to your expected cues are, first, to make sure you cover everything you need to learn and, second, to decrease your mental load by ruling out the things you don’t.&lt;br /&gt;
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A first natural question is what your expected cues ''are''. That is, what do you expect to encounter that will prompt you to recall this information?&lt;br /&gt;
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If the cues aren’t immediately obvious, try approaching the answer by asking yourself what context you’ll be in when you need to recall the information, such as an exam, a meeting, a party, or traveling. In an exam, the cues will be the test questions. In a meeting, they might be questions posed by the other attendees or simply the invitation to begin giving a presentation. At a party, they could be the greetings of the other guests, which would prompt you to recall their names and other information about them. While traveling, the cues might be landmarks, which would prompt you to recall the need to turn, stop, or look for the next landmark.&lt;br /&gt;
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Once you know the recall context and the types of cues you’ll encounter, you can imagine yourself in that context and begin to list the specific cues you expect to find. For example, who specifically will be at the party? What questions will likely be on the exam? What will the people in the meeting want to know?&lt;br /&gt;
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And once you have the specific cues, you can observe the responses to them that are available in the information you’re studying.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Memorable information =====&lt;br /&gt;
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You will naturally react to much of the information you encounter. This information is already memorable to you, and you probably won’t have trouble remembering at least the gist. The skill is to notice these reactions when they happen so you can take advantage of them to add significance to the rest of the information. You can observe your reactions as you view each item for the first time, asking yourself how you’re reacting to this item, or you can review your reactions after you’ve seen all the material, asking yourself which items you recall reacting to.&lt;br /&gt;
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Observing your reactions is useful because if you can draw your attention to information that’s significant to you, you’re more likely to recall it when you’re looking for ways to make the other information more memorable.&lt;br /&gt;
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==== Enhancing ====&lt;br /&gt;
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For the material that doesn’t seem very memorable, you’ll need to associate it with other information that is memorable or with information that draws out its significant aspects. The actual association will come later. First you need to pick out the specific memorable information to associate the forgettable item with. Since this skill involves expanding on each item in various ways and since ''elaboration'' is already taken, I’m calling it '''enhancement'''. I call the items that will make the item in question more memorable '''helper''' items.&lt;br /&gt;
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When you’re looking for helper items, first tell yourself that there is something interesting about the information, even if you can’t see it yet. Then with that attitude in mind, do some more observing. Sharpen your observation of the information’s features and expand your awareness of its connections. You can do this by asking more questions: How does this information make sense? Understanding is typically an important first step in committing an item to memory. What interests other people about this information {72}? Assume they have a good reason! Why was this information included? Assume it has a real point! How does it relate to other items in the material? It may help to think in terms of relations like causation, implication, similarity, and contrast. What does the information remind you of that’s already familiar to you {53}? This question will be important again when you’re using the skill of translation, which I’ll describe in a later section.&lt;br /&gt;
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The answers to most of these questions don’t have to make sense. Certainly you should try to understand the material’s actual meaning. But the mind can invent connections that are significant without being logical {94}. Bizarre juxtapositions tend to be memorable, for example {107}. To use our terminology from earlier, an item’s properties can be natural or incidental, so feel free to take advantage of both.&lt;br /&gt;
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===== Translating =====&lt;br /&gt;
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One important type of enhancement is '''translation''', creating an item that you intentionally view as equivalent to the original item. You can think of translation in terms of the RDF triples I mentioned earlier. An item can be linked to its properties via different relationships. These are the predicates of the triples. The causation, implication, similarity, and contrast from the enhancement questions above are some possible relationships. Equivalence is another one. In this relationship, the property specifies another item, a '''substitute''' item, that stands for the one you’re studying {109}, which I’ll call the '''target''' item. In identifying this property, you’re translating the item you’re learning into the substitute item. If the substitute item is very memorable and it cues you to remember the original item, then it makes the original item easier to access in your memory. This is the idea behind many mnemonic techniques and systems.&lt;br /&gt;
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What kinds of items would you need a substitute for? Generally, any item that you expect not to be memorable, anything that seems boring or meaningless to you. More specifically, researchers have found that most people have a harder time remembering words than images, and abstract words such as ''timeless'' tend to be harder to remember than concrete words such as ''apple'' {38, 57}. People also find proper names hard to remember {192}, even though names are concrete in a way, since they usually represent people and physical objects.&lt;br /&gt;
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What kinds of substitutes are helpful? A substitute should have at least two characteristics. First, it should have some kind of connection to the target item that makes sense to you. That is, it should share some properties with the target item that are significant to you. For example, you could choose a substitute that sounds similar to the words of the target item, such as substituting ''celery'' for ''salary''. Or you could choose a substitute that symbolizes the target, such as imagining a set of balancing scales for the term ''justice'' {109}. It’s important for the connection to be meaningful. If you choose a completely arbitrary substitute with no meaningful connection, it will be hard to remember the connection, and the substitute won’t be able to act as a handle very well. Or if you memorize that meaningless connection well and then you run across a target item that the substitute would work much better for, you might confuse the new target with the old one when you’re using the substitute for recall. It’s not important for the connection to be meaningful to everyone, only to you, unless you want the substitute to make it easy for everyone to memorize the item.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The second characteristic of a substitute is that it should represent the target item uniquely. If you choose a substitute that could be tied to a lot of different items, it might be hard to remember which item you need at the time. For example, if you’re memorizing the word ''frozen yogurt'' and you picture a bowl of it, you might accidentally recall the word ''ice cream'' if you don’t encode more carefully while you’re learning it {119}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The substitute isn’t meant to be a definition of the target item, only a cue. Its relationship to the target item can be purely incidental. It’s only a handle for pulling the information into your conscious mind. Once it’s there, you can put the substitute out of your mind for the moment and think about the target information normally. This approach lets the substitute do its job of adding significance to meaningless information while keeping the substitute from getting in the way of using the target information itself.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The substitute item will often be in another mode of expression from the original item. It can be helpful to augment your learning by translating the information into the most memorable modes for you and even into multiple modes. Most mnemonic systems are based on translating verbal information into mental images {103}. And in addition to visualizing the information, you might also want to vocalize it, speaking the items out loud.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often struggle to find a substitute word as quickly as I need in order to memorize things on the fly. I would like to get better at this. It would help to memorize a lot of substitute words beforehand so I don’t have to be creative in the moment when I’m frantically trying to memorize the material in front of me. I want to write a program to create a dictionary of substitute words and phrases for names and common words. I also want to identify commonly used elements, such as days of the week and family relationships, that I can make a special effort to memorize.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can also take a poetic or musical approach, giving the material a rhythm, making it rhyme {111}, setting it to music, or all three. And if you can, perform this poetry or music for yourself out loud so that your mind can more fully encode the experience.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since most mnemonic systems take a visual approach and not everyone is visual {118}, I would like to find or develop a system along these auditory lines. The things I’d have to collect would be common rhyming words to translate harder words into, rhymes for commonly needed words, common poetic meters, and familiar melodies. The musical system could also use different aspects of music to encode things, like intervals, chords, keys, time signatures, and key signatures, if those things would be memorable. It would be good to see research about that.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I would also like to explore a kinesthetic approach to memorization, though I’m not sure what it would look like, maybe creating actions that you associate with the information and arranging the actions into sequences to represent the relationships between the items. Sign language might be helpful here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Organizing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The purpose of organizing is to bring together items that will help you remember more of the material. As I said in the selecting section, if you’re memorizing a set of information, you’ll often want each piece of information to remind you of other information in the set. You’ll also want more significant items to prop up the less significant ones. Thus, it helps to see them close together so you can easily associate them later.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One type of organization is to group the items. If the items are related logically and you’re free to rearrange them, then you can group the information by category {51}. This gives you a chance to associate the category with all the items within it. Restating pairs of items as RDF triples could reveal categories you can group the information into, if the RDF idea helps you. Another type of organization is to arrange the items in a logical sequence, which lets you associate each item with the next in the sequence {133}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As you’re organizing, there are at least two other general questions to keep in mind. One is which item you should remember first when recalling a set of items {135}. And the other is how you’ll know when you’ve recalled everything you need from the set. To answer the second question, you can observe the total number of items in the group, or if they form a list, the last item in the list. Once you’ve recalled that number of items or that last item, you’ll know you’re done {133}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Associating ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Association''' is the skill of mentally assigning properties to an item. Or to say it another way, it’s cementing multiple items together in your mind. You can associate as many items as you want, but for simplicity we’ll assume it’s two. You can associate the information actively or take advantage of the passive associating your mind is already doing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Active association =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As I understand it, the way to associate two pieces of information is to create a new whole that incorporates both of them. The new whole, of course, is another item with its own set of properties. You’d think this would just give you more to study and take up more time. The goal, though, is to create associations that are memorable enough that you won’t need to spend much time studying them {166, 180}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are several types of wholes you can form through association. If you’re visualizing the items, the new whole could be a scene in your imagination that features the two items interacting {104-105}. If the information is purely verbal, it could be a sentence or rhyme that incorporates them {111}. Another type of whole is a sequence of events that the mind groups together. I place classical and operant conditioning in this category. Pavlov rang a bell and then fed his canine subjects, so later when he rang the bell again, the dogs expected food.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Simply grouping the items can tie them together, at least in short-term memory. If you’re memorizing a series of digits, such as a telephone number, then grouping them into chunks of two or three can keep them in your short-term memory longer. Memory researchers call this practice '''chunking''' {20}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Chunking can also let you create more complicated associations. You can chunk items together that you have associated with other items. For example, an '''acronym''' is a chunk of letters—a word—whose letters represent other words. Once you remember the word, you can break it down into its letters and remember the other words the acronym is associated with {98}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One effective visual way to establish associations in your mind is to group the information spatially. Group the items you’re associating into different regions of a page or some other surface. Along these lines, you could create a map that relates the items to each other in some way, using geography as a metaphor if the information isn’t geographical. Grouping the items physically is effective because the mind remembers at least basic spatial relationships very easily {150-152}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Another mode of expression that serves in association is storytelling. Humans are narrative beings. We naturally think in terms of coherent sequences of events, and we care about them, especially when they have to do with us. So one type of association that can add significance to the material you’re learning is telling a story that incorporates it {135}, especially a story that relates to your life. It doesn’t have to be realistic, just memorable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Passive association =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Even without consciously trying, your mind associates things all the time. You can take advantage of passive association by controlling the context in which you learn things.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In particular, your mind associates things in your environment with things you’re doing. So if you’re studying for a test, it can help to study in the room you’ll take the test in. The features of the room may remind you of the information you studied there. The same goes for when you’re rehearsing for a performance {67-68}. And as usual, your mind isn’t picky about whether the associations make sense. Most of these associations will probably be for incidental rather than natural properties.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since interference is always a problem, it helps to memorize different pieces of information in different settings, whether different locations entirely different parts of the place in which you’ll be recalling the information {76-77}. That way, if you remember where you were when you learned that thing you’re trying to recall, there’s a chance something about that setting will cue your recall of the information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Making use of passive association is easiest to do with your external context—where you are—but it also includes your internal context—what state of mind you’re in. It also helps to try to learn the material in the same mental condition in which you’ll recall it (the same mood, for example). So if you’re going to be sober when you take a test, don’t be drunk while you’re studying for it {69}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Rehearsing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Even the most memorable information will fade over time and become hard to recall if left alone. So in addition to enhancing and associating the information, you need to '''rehearse''' it. Rehearsal can take the form of both repetition and recitation, but recitation will cement the information in your mind more quickly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can rehearse through recitation in a number of ways, such as using flashcards or having another person quiz you. But the basic procedure is to present yourself with a cue and then take a few seconds to try to recall the corresponding items. Then receive feedback on your result. If you were able to recall something, check the answer to see if you were right.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If your recall was wrong or you couldn’t recall the item at all, use the feedback as a way to repeat your mental storage of the information, maybe looking for a new way to enhance it. Then cue yourself for the information again later. Feedback both lets you assess your knowledge and sustains your interest in the material {72-73}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Forgetting takes a certain shape over time. You forget most of what you learn right after you’ve seen it for the first time. After that the rate at which you forget the material slows down and levels off {35}. So your first study session should be a review of the material right after you first encounter it {89}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Learning also takes a certain shape over time. Your study sessions for the material should be frequent at first, but you can space them out more and more as your recall of the material becomes easier {89-90}. There are several algorithms for this kind of spaced repetition that can help you schedule your learning, such as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitner_system Leitner system].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Searching ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The mind stores information by indexing it by its properties. These properties are handles you can grab to retrieve the information as you search your mind for it based on those properties. So when you want to recall something and it’s not coming to mind right away, you can try to find it by suggesting properties to yourself that the information might have and seeing if the suggestion brings the information to the surface. Try to think of as many related types of information as you can, and one or more may trigger the memory. For example, if you enter a room and don’t remember why, look around the room in case your purpose was related to any of the objects in it, retrace your steps in case your previous locations gave you a reason to enter the room, and remember what you were talking or thinking about {Higbee 211}. Kenneth Higbee calls this the “think around it” technique {55-56}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Applications ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The components of memory I’ve discussed can be put together and applied to various problems that require memorization. Programmers sometimes write cookbooks that contain example code. The examples solve common problems in a particular language that don’t have immediately obvious solutions. Using the elements of memory in the above analysis as a rudimentary mental programming language, I’d like to do the same for common memory tasks. These applications can be built up in layers, with simpler applications becoming components in more complex ones. I’m organizing this section around tasks rather than the techniques that accomplish them, because each task can encompass a number of techniques. Since this essay is a summary and I haven’t thought very far about most of these applications, I’ll only cover them briefly here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Holistic information ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This category includes memorizing text, images, concepts, and music. With this type of information, it doesn’t work well to break it into a list of small components and then string them together with a series of associations, as in the mnemonic systems below. You have to recall it rapidly and fluidly, sometimes even nonlinearly, so it needs to be stored efficiently as a whole unit. You can think of it as assigning a single value, such as a string, to a variable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One good tool for rehearsing text is the [http://bencrowder.net/blog/2011/03/erasure/ erasure method], where several words are erased at random from the text before each repetition. This allows the surrounding words to serve as cues for a word that’s been erased.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Dates and times ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One useful element to encode mnemonically is dates and times. This gives you a way to timestamp your memories, plans, and any other time-specific information. It would be an essential component of any mental task management system. The technique I have in mind would be to encode each component you needed (day, month, year, hour, minute, etc.), and then associate them all together. Then associate the whole clump with whatever information you want to timestamp.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Names and faces ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Remembering names and faces is a very popular use for memory techniques {Higbee 194}. People are very important, but names by themselves are fairly meaningless, and faces can often look alike to the untrained eye. The techniques for remembering them are apparently the same from book to book. The idea is to find a visualizable substitute word for the name and associate it with a distinguishing feature of the face {194-198}. But I have my own spin on the details, and maybe some of the books take this approach too. It can be hard to recognize a distinguishing feature unless you know what the nondescript version would look like {Redman 1-2}, and it’s also harder to identify features when you don’t have a vocabulary for them {Higbee 191}. So I’d like to try using the techniques of caricature artists and, if I’m feeling really enthusiastic, the vocabulary of forensic artists {George chapter 1} to locate and name what’s unique about a person’s face. One benefit of having a technical vocabulary is that you can use substitute words for those terms and associate them with the substitute word for the person’s name. If you’re not very visual, this could be a helpful technique.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experiences ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a number of reasons you might want to remember your experiences in detail. For example, you might want to relive your good memories, which can happen more vividly if you remember more about them. It also gives you a better story to tell. If you’re giving eyewitness testimony, you can provide a better account. And if you’re learning a skill, remembering your mistakes and successes with the skill is important.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Probably some of the important factors in remembering experiences are knowing in advance what kinds of things to observe in your experiences, having a reliable way to represent sequence relations to yourself (i.e., this event followed that event), and developing the habit of reviewing the experience right after it happens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Complex sets of information ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is often a facet of studying for a school or certification exam, but complex information shows up other places too. Many people’s jobs involve knowing complex webs of facts and concepts. What are the best ways to organize and memorize these webs?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mnemonic systems =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A mnemonic (pronounced without the first m) is any method for aiding the memory, though most researchers define it more narrowly in terms of elaborations, aids that rely on what I’ve called incidental external properties. Kenneth Higbee helpfully distinguishes between single-purpose mnemonics, which he calls '''mnemonic techniques''' and general-purpose ones, which he calls '''mnemonic systems''' {Higbee 94-95}. An example of a single-purpose mnemonic is using the acronym HOMES to remember the Great Lakes: Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior {98}. Much of this essay has dealt with the principles that seem to lie behind both types of mnemonics. In this section I’ll talk about mnemonic systems.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Memory specialists describe a number of mnemonic systems you can use to memorize certain kinds of lists. Higbee includes five mnemonic systems in ''Your Memory'': Link, Story, Loci, Peg, and Phonetic. The Link system involves visualizing each item of a list and associating that item with the next item in the list {133}. The Story system involves creating a story that incorporates each item in sequence {135}. The Loci system involves memorizing a series of familiar locations, such as the rooms of your home, and then visually associating each item of a list with one of those locations {145}. The Peg system involves memorizing substitutes for a set of numbers or letters and then visually associating each list item with the corresponding number or letter substitute in sequence {157-161}. The Phonetic system involves memorizing a set of consonant sounds for each digit (0-9), translating any numbers you’re memorizing into the consonant sounds of their digits, adding vowel sounds to create words, and, if the numbers are meant to give order to a list, visually associating each list item with the word representing its number in the sequence {173-178}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One aspect of memorizing complex information is to mnemonically create data structures in your mind, the kinds of data structures that are fundamental to programming. Higbee’s five systems fall under the categories of linked lists (Link, Story) and arrays (Loci, Peg, Phonetic). But there are other data structures: stacks, queues, multidimensional arrays, hash tables, heaps, graphs, weighted graphs, and various trees (binary, red-black, 2-3-4) {Lafore}. We can find ways to organize and associate information to mentally build these and any others we need.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The key to creating these mental data structures and inventing others is to break them down into sets of key-value pairs. To memorize the pairs, you associate the key with the value using the techniques from the association section above.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Even a simple scalar variable is a variable name paired with the value assigned to it. The set of variables in a running program can be thought of as a hash table with the variable names as the keys. And you can think of an array as a hash table with the index numbers as the keys.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you’re using the data structure in a larger context and you might confuse its items with data from another structure, you could encode the keys using a different method or category (such as using animals for one variable’s keys and plants for another’s), or you could include the variable name with each key. So if you’re using a visual mnemonic technique, you’d create one image that incorporates your substitute images for the variable name, the key, and the value.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This last technique treats the key as an address for the value. The value lives at key X within variable Y. You can extend this technique to account for data structures with several levels, such as trees or multidimensional arrays. This approach also treats the data structure like a database table with a primary key made up of several fields.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to creating the data structures themselves, it’s important to know basic algorithms for inserting, deleting, sorting, and searching for items in them, so I’d like to develop mental versions of those tasks too.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Rehearsal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Another aspect of memorizing complex information is to drill yourself, such as with with flashcards, which are an easy way to take advantage of spaced repetition. People normally use flashcards to study binary facts, such as sets of foreign vocabulary words. But as we’ve seen, key-value pairs can represent most types of information. This includes the points in an outline, the relationships in a concept map, or the cells in a table. So you could conceivably use flashcards to memorize these types of charts as well. I’d like to program a tool that will convert things like outlines and tables into flashcards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Studying for an exam ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My first motivation for learning about memory was to study more effectively for tests and not worry that I didn’t know the material. Studying effectively turns out to be a complex process of planning your study time and place, taking on the right attitude, organizing the material, and using effective memory techniques. Some type of chart would be helpful in making decisions about these steps.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Task management ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My latest motivation for learning about memory has been to supplement the productivity system David Allen describes in his book ''Getting Things Done'' (often abbreviated GTD). Allen emphasizes recording your tasks in an external system, such as a planner, that is organized by context, because you can’t rely on your mind to remember everything you need to do when you’re in the right time and place for doing it {Allen 16, 21-23}. I think that the way GTD brings together the concepts of context, next actions, and horizons of focus is brilliant and very effective for helping to stay on top of one’s internal and external commitments. I also agree that an external system is easier to rely on than the mind. But is it really true that the mind is useless as a task manager? I think that using memory techniques creatively, it’s possible to do GTD mentally. For example, you could create a substitute item for each context and associate it with your list of next actions for that context, which you could memorize using the Link system. But at the very least, you can use memory techniques to remember tasks long enough to write them down later if you come up with them in the shower.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Next steps ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My next step is to begin experimenting with memory techniques by memorizing things that are important to me. I’ll especially concentrate on finding substitute words and developing techniques for selecting, enhancing, and organizing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== References ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“Leitner system.” Wikipedia. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitner_system http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitner_system].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“Resource Description Framework.” Wikipedia. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Allen, David. ''Getting Things Done''. New York: Penguin, 2001. Preview at [http://books.google.com/books?id=iykLVJAK49kC http://books.google.com/books?id=iykLVJAK49kC].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Baddeley, Alan. ''Your Memory: A User’s Guide''. New illustrated ed. Buffalo, NY: Firefly, 2004.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Crowder, Ben. “Erasure.” BenCrowder.net. [http://bencrowder.net/blog/2011/03/erasure/ http://bencrowder.net/blog/2011/03/erasure/].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
George, Robert M. ''Facial Geometry: Graphic Facial Analysis for Forensic Artists''. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 2007.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gladwell, Malcolm. “The Art of Failure.” New Yorker, August 21, 2000. [http://www.gladwell.com/2000/2000_08_21_a_choking.htm http://www.gladwell.com/2000/2000_08_21_a_choking.htm].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Higbee, Kenneth. ''Your Memory: How It Works and How to Improve It''. 2nd ed. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988. Preview at [http://books.google.com/books?id=N6FPQzBpheEC http://books.google.com/books?id=N6FPQzBpheEC].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lafore, Robert. ''Data Structures and Algorithms in Java''. 2nd ed. Indianapolis, IN: Sams, 2003.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Redman, Lenn. ''How to Draw Caricatures''. Chicago: Contemporary, 1984.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Worthen, James B. and R. Reed Hunt. ''Mnemonology: Mnemonics for the 21st Century''. Essays in Cognitive Psychology. New York: Taylor &amp;amp;amp; Francis Group, Psychology Press, 2011.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Learning]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=AI_Field_Map&amp;diff=446</id>
		<title>AI Field Map</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=AI_Field_Map&amp;diff=446"/>
		<updated>2019-12-27T19:45:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Removed an extraneous horizontal rule.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;This list is an overview of the institutional side of artificial intelligence, a catalog of the important people, organizations, events, publications, and projects in artificial intelligence research and application.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a work in progress. Currently it's just the entries from Wikipedia's &amp;quot;[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_artificial_intelligence_projects&amp;amp;oldid=912883365 List of artificial intelligence projects]&amp;quot; with some key data picked out. The reason I'm starting with the projects is that I want to the list to end up as a web, and the projects are convenient links between the organizations, people, and domain topics. The topics will be a lesser focus of the overall list, but they give the institutional items meaning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Specialized projects ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Brain-inspired ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Brain_Project Blue Brain Project], an attempt to create a synthetic brain by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_engineering reverse-engineering] the mammalian brain down to the molecular level.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_simulation&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_engineering&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:New_user_landing_page&amp;amp;page=Brain+and+Mind+Institute&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_F%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_de_Lausanne&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Markram&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:New_user_landing_page&amp;amp;page=Felix+Sch%C3%BCrmann&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sean_Hill_(scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2005-05&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Brain Google Brain] A deep learning project part of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_X Google X] attempting to have intelligence similar or equal to human-level.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Dean_(computer_scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
*** Greg Corrado&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Ng&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2011&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Brain_Project Human Brain Project]&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_computing#Brain-inspired_Computing&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_F%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_de_Lausanne&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2013-10-01&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numenta#Open_Source_Community NuPIC], an open source implementation by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numenta Numenta] of its cortical learning algorithm.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_temporal_memory&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numenta&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2013-06&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Cognitive architectures ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4CAPS 4CAPS], developed at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University Carnegie Mellon University] under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Just Marcel A. Just]&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Just&lt;br /&gt;
*** Sashank Varma&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACT-R ACT-R], developed at Carnegie Mellon University under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Robert_Anderson_(psychologist) John R. Anderson].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Robert_Anderson_(psychologist)&lt;br /&gt;
*** Christian Lebiere&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1998&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIXI AIXI], Universal Artificial Intelligence developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Hutter Marcus Hutter] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDSIA IDSIA] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_National_University ANU].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_logic#Formal_logical_systems&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomonoff%27s_theory_of_inductive_inference&lt;br /&gt;
*** sequential decision theory&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Hutter&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2000&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CALO CALO], a DARPA-funded, 25-institution effort to integrate many artificial intelligence approaches (natural language processing, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition speech recognition], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_vision machine vision], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic_logic probabilistic logic], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planning planning], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasoning reasoning], many forms of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning machine learning]) into an AI assistant that learns to help manage your office environment.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRI_International&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2003-05&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2008&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHREST CHREST], developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernand_Gobet Fernand Gobet] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunel_University Brunel University] and Peter C. Lane at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Hertfordshire University of Hertfordshire].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chunking_(psychology)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernand_Gobet&lt;br /&gt;
*** Peter C. Lane&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLARION_(cognitive_architecture) CLARION], developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Sun Ron Sun] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute] and University of Missouri.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicit_memory&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit_knowledge&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Sun&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JACK_Intelligent_Agents CoJACK], an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACT-R ACT-R] inspired extension to the JACK multi-agent system that adds a cognitive architecture to the agents for eliciting more realistic (human-like) behaviors in virtual environments.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-agent_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief-Desire-Intention_software_model&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Agent Oriented Software Pty. Ltd.&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1997&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copycat_(software) Copycat], by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Hofstadter Douglas Hofstadter] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanie_Mitchell Melanie Mitchell] at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana_University_(Bloomington) Indiana University].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analogy&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_terraced_scan&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Hofstadter&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanie_Mitchell&lt;br /&gt;
*** [http://www.cogsci.indiana.edu/ Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition]&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1988&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DUAL_(cognitive_architecture) DUAL], developed at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Bulgarian_University New Bulgarian University] under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boicho_Kokinov Boicho Kokinov].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectionism&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_theory_of_mind&lt;br /&gt;
*** decentralized representation&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergent_algorithm&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boicho_Kokinov&lt;br /&gt;
*** Alexander Petrov&lt;br /&gt;
*** Georgi Petkov&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ivan Vankov&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FORR FORR] developed by Susan L. Epstein at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_City_University_of_New_York The City University of New York].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_solving&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounded_rationality&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satisficing&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_University_of_New_York&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIDA_(cognitive_architecture) IDA and LIDA], implementing [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Workspace_Theory Global Workspace Theory], developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_Franklin Stan Franklin] at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Memphis University of Memphis].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_neuroscience&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Workspace_Theory&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_Franklin&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Memphis&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCog OpenCog] Prime, developed using the OpenCog Framework.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_cognition&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Goertzel&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2008&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_Reasoning_System Procedural Reasoning System] (PRS), developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Georgeff Michael Georgeff] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_L._Lansky Amy L. Lansky] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRI_International SRI International].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasoning_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief%E2%80%93desire%E2%80%93intention_software_model&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Georgeff&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_L._Lansky&lt;br /&gt;
*** François Félix Ingrand&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psi-theory Psi-Theory] developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietrich_D%C3%B6rner Dietrich Dörner] at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto-Friedrich_University Otto-Friedrich University] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamberg Bamberg], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany Germany].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spreading_activation&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietrich_D%C3%B6rner&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-CAST R-CAST], developed at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University Pennsylvania State University].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_support_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturalistic_decision-making&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-agent_system&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Yen&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soar_(cognitive_architecture) Soar], developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Newell Allen Newell] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_E._Laird John Laird] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University Carnegie Mellon University] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Michigan University of Michigan].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_E._Laird&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Newell&lt;br /&gt;
*** Paul Rosenbloom&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1983&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_mind Society of mind] and its successor the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion_machine Emotion machine] proposed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_Minsky Marvin Minsky].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_Minsky&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1986&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsumption_architecture Subsumption architectures], developed e.g. by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodney_Brooks Rodney Brooks] (though it could be argued whether they are &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;cognitive&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;).&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_paradigm&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-based_robotics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computing&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_robot&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_selection&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodney_Brooks&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Games ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo AlphaGo], software developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google Google] that plays the Chinese board game Go.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Board_game&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_(game)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepMind&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2014&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinook_(draughts_player) Chinook], a computer program that plays [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_draughts English draughts]; the first to win the world champion title in the competition against humans.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_draughts&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Schaeffer&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Lake&lt;br /&gt;
*** Paul Lu&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Bryant_(programmer)&lt;br /&gt;
*** Norman Treloar&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1989&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Blue_(chess_computer) Deep Blue], a chess-playing computer developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM IBM] which beat [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garry_Kasparov Garry Kasparov] in 1997.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_chess&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng-hsiung_Hsu&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Anantharaman&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_Campbell&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1985&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeHAL FreeHAL], a self-learning conversation simulator ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatterbot chatterbot]) which uses semantic nets to organize its knowledge to imitate a very close human behavior within conversations.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computing&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatterbot&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_network&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2008&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2012&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halite_AI_Programming_Competition Halite], an artificial intelligence programming competition created by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Sigma Two Sigma].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitive_programming&lt;br /&gt;
*** battle&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Sigma&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornell_Tech&lt;br /&gt;
*** Benjamin Spector&lt;br /&gt;
*** Michael Truell&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-11&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libratus Libratus], a poker AI that beat world-class poker players in 2017, intended to be generalisable to other applications.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_hold_%27em&lt;br /&gt;
*** counterfactual regret minimization&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Tuomas Sandholm&lt;br /&gt;
*** Noam Brown&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2017-01&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quick,_Draw! Quick, Draw!], an online game developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google Google] that challenges players to draw a picture of an object or idea and then uses a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network neural network] to guess what the drawing is.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guessing#Guessing_games&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google&lt;br /&gt;
*** Jonas Jongejan&lt;br /&gt;
*** Henry Rowley&lt;br /&gt;
*** Takashi Kawashima&lt;br /&gt;
*** Jongmin Kim&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ruben Thomson&lt;br /&gt;
*** Nick Fox-Gieg&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-11&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockfish_(chess) Stockfish AI], an open source chess engine currently ranked the highest in many [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_engine#Ratings computer chess rankings].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_engine&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha%E2%80%93beta_pruning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Marco Costalba&lt;br /&gt;
*** Joona Kiiski&lt;br /&gt;
*** Gary Linscott&lt;br /&gt;
*** Tord Romstad&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2008-11-02&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TD-Gammon TD-Gammon], a program that learned to play world-class [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backgammon backgammon] partly by playing against itself ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_difference_learning temporal difference learning] with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network neural networks]).&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backgammon&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_difference_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Gerald Tesauro&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1992&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Internet activism ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Serenata_de_Amor Serenata de Amor], project for the analysis of public expenditures and detect discrepancies.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_activism&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Irio Musskopf&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ana Schwendler&lt;br /&gt;
*** Pedro Vilanova &amp;quot;Tonny&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*** Bruno Pazzim&lt;br /&gt;
*** Filipe Linhares&lt;br /&gt;
*** Jessica Temporal&lt;br /&gt;
*** Yasodara Córdova &amp;quot;Yaso&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*** Tatiana Balachova &amp;quot;Russa&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-09-07&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Knowledge and reasoning ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braina Braina], an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_personal_assistant intelligent personal assistant] application with a voice interface for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_OS Windows OS].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Brainasoft&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyc Cyc], an attempt to assemble an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_(information_science) ontology] and database of everyday knowledge, enabling [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonsense_reasoning human-like reasoning].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_(information_science)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonsense_knowledge_(artificial_intelligence)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference_engine&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Lenat&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1984-07&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurisko Eurisko], a language by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Lenat Douglas Lenat] for solving problems which consists of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristic_algorithm heuristics], including some for how to use and change its heuristics.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristic&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Lenat&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1976&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Now Google Now], an intelligent personal assistant with a voice interface in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google Google]'s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system) Android] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc. Apple Inc.]'s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS iOS], as well as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome Google Chrome] web browser on personal computers.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2012-07-09&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holmes_(computer) Holmes] a new AI created by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wipro Wipro].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_computing&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wipro&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ramprasad K.R. (Rampi)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortana Microsoft Cortana], an intelligent personal assistant with a voice interface in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft Microsoft]'s various [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10_editions Windows 10 editions].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2014-04-02&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycin Mycin], an early medical expert system.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_chaining&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expert_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference_engine&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_robot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_H._Shortliffe&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Mind_Common_Sense Open Mind Common Sense], a project based at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_Media_Lab MIT Media Lab] to build a large common sense [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base knowledge base] from online contributions.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonsense_knowledge_(artificial_intelligence)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_Media_Lab&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_Minsky&lt;br /&gt;
*** Push Singh&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Havasi&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1999-09&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P.A.N. P.A.N.], a publicly available text analyzer.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Benjamin Bowes&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2007&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri Siri], an intelligent personal assistant and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Navigator knowledge navigator] with a voice-interface in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc. Apple Inc.]'s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS iOS] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS macOS].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_synthesis&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolutional_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_short-term_memory&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2011-10-12&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNePS SNePS], simultaneously a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic logic]-based, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_language frame]-based, and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_network network]-based knowledge representation, reasoning, and acting system.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_language&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Stuart C. Shapiro&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1968&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viv_(software) Viv (software)], a new AI by the creators of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri Siri].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Viv Labs, Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2012&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_Alpha Wolfram Alpha], an online service that answers queries by computing the answer from structured data.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question_answering&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_curation&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_understanding&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_Research&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2009-05-18&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Motion and manipulation ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIBO AIBO], the robot pet for the home, grew out of Sony's Computer Science Laboratory (CSL).&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_pet&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshitada_Doi&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1999-05-11&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cog_(project) Cog], a robot developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology MIT] to study theories of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_science cognitive science] and artificial intelligence, now discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanoid_robot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1993&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2003&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Music ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melomics Melomics], a bioinspired technology for music composition and synthesization of music, where computers develop their own style, rather than mimic musicians.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic_composition&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_music&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_developmental_biology&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Francisco Vico&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2012-07&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Natural language processing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIML AIML], an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML XML] dialect for creating [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language natural language] software agents.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wallace_(scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2001-07-16&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Lucene Apache Lucene], a high-performance, full-featured text search engine library written entirely in Java.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doug_Cutting&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1999&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenNLP Apache OpenNLP], a machine learning based toolkit for the processing of natural language text. It supports the most common NLP tasks, such as tokenization, sentence segmentation, part-of-speech tagging, named entity extraction, chunking and parsing.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Natural_language_processing_toolkits&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Apache_Software_Foundation&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2004-04-22&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Linguistic_Internet_Computer_Entity Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity] (A.L.I.C.E.), an award-winning natural language processing [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatterbot chatterbot].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wallace_(scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1995-11-23&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleverbot Cleverbot], successor to Jabberwacky, now with 170m lines of conversation, Deep Context, fuzziness and parallel processing. Cleverbot learns from around 2 million user interactions per month.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollo_Carpenter&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1997&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELIZA ELIZA], a famous 1966 computer program by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Weizenbaum Joseph Weizenbaum], which parodied [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Person-centered_therapy person-centered therapy].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Weizenbaum&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1964&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 1966&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabberwacky Jabberwacky], a chatterbot by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollo_Carpenter Rollo Carpenter], aiming to simulate natural human chat.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollo_Carpenter&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1981&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2008-10&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycroft_(software) Mycroft], a free and open-source intelligent personal assistant that uses a natural language user interface.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ryan Sipes&lt;br /&gt;
*** Joshua Montgomery&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PARRY PARRY], another early chatterbot, written in 1972 by Kenneth Colby, attempting to simulate a paranoid schizophrenic.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Colby&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1972&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 1972&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHRDLU SHRDLU], an early natural language processing computer program developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Winograd Terry Winograd] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology MIT] from 1968 to 1970.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_understanding&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocks_world&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Winograd&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1968&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 1970&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYSTRAN SYSTRAN], a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation machine translation] technology by the company of the same name, used by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahoo! Yahoo!], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AltaVista AltaVista] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google Google], among others.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Peter Toma&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start; 1968&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Other ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_the_Road 1 the Road], the first novel marketed by an AI.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Travel_novels&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_short-term_memory&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_technology&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ross Goodwin&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2017-03&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2018&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_Environment_for_Analysis_and_Simulations Synthetic Environment for Analysis and Simulations] (SEAS), a model of the real world used by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeland_security Homeland security] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense United States Department of Defense] that uses [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation simulation] and AI to predict and evaluate future events and courses of action.&amp;lt;sup id=&amp;quot;cite_ref-register_1-0&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;reference&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[#cite_note-register-1 [1]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Simulation_software&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Synthetic_environment&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Multi-agent_systems&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:National_security&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purdue_University&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alok_R._Chaturvedi&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1994&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Multipurpose projects ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Software libraries ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Mahout Apache Mahout], a library of scalable machine learning algorithms.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_filtering&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_analysis&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Apache_Software_Foundation&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2009-04-07&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deeplearning4j Deeplearning4j], an open-source, distributed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning deep learning] framework written for the JVM.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Alex D. Black&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Gibson_(computer_scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
*** V. Kokorin&lt;br /&gt;
*** Josh Patterson&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2017&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keras Keras], a high level open-source software library for machine learning (works on top of other libraries).&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** François Chollet&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2015-03-27&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Cognitive_Toolkit Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit] (previously known as CNTK), an open source toolkit for building [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network artificial neural networks].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_framework&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Research&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-01-25&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenNN OpenNN], a comprehensive C++ library implementing neural networks.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Artelnics&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2003&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyTorch PyTorch], an open-source Tensor and Dynamic neural network in Python.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning#Deep_neural_networks&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Adam Paszke&lt;br /&gt;
*** Sam Gross&lt;br /&gt;
*** Soumith Chintala&lt;br /&gt;
*** Gregory Chanan&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-10&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TensorFlow TensorFlow], an open-source software library for machine learning.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataflow_programming&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiable_programming&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Brain&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2015-11-09&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theano_(software) Theano], a Python library and optimizing compiler for manipulating and evaluating mathematical expressions, especially matrix-valued ones.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Array_programming_languages&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Numerical_programming_languages&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms (MILA)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2007&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== GUI frameworks ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_Designer Neural Designer], a commercial [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning deep learning] tool for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_analytics predictive analytics].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_modelling&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Artelnics&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2015&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroph Neuroph], a Java neural network framework.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zoran Sevarac&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2008-09&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidMiner RapidMiner], an environment for machine learning and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining data mining], now developed commercially.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_science&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ralf Klinkenberg&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ingo Mierswa&lt;br /&gt;
*** Simon Fischer&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2006&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weka_(machine_learning) Weka], a free implementation of many machine learning algorithms in Java.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_analysis&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_modelling&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Waikato&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2018-09-04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Cloud services ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Applied Data Applied], a web based [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining data mining] environment.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_intelligence&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_visualization&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Dominic Pouzin&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2009&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grok_(company) Grok], a service that ingests data streams and creates actionable predictions in real time.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_temporal_memory&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Hawkins&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donna_Dubinsky&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dileep_George&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2005-02-04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watson_(computer) Watson], a pilot service by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM IBM] to uncover and share data-driven insights, and to spur cognitive applications.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question_answering&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ferrucci&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2005&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Artificial intelligence]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Category:Artificial_intelligence&amp;diff=445</id>
		<title>Category:Artificial intelligence</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Category:Artificial_intelligence&amp;diff=445"/>
		<updated>2019-09-15T21:25:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the category.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Programming]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=AI_Field_Map&amp;diff=444</id>
		<title>AI Field Map</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=AI_Field_Map&amp;diff=444"/>
		<updated>2019-09-15T21:24:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the article.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;This list is an overview of the institutional side of artificial intelligence, a catalog of the important people, organizations, events, publications, and projects in artificial intelligence research and application.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a work in progress. Currently it's just the entries from Wikipedia's &amp;quot;[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_artificial_intelligence_projects&amp;amp;oldid=912883365 List of artificial intelligence projects]&amp;quot; with some key data picked out. The reason I'm starting with the projects is that I want to the list to end up as a web, and the projects are convenient links between the organizations, people, and domain topics. The topics will be a lesser focus of the overall list, but they give the institutional items meaning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Specialized projects ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Brain-inspired ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Brain_Project Blue Brain Project], an attempt to create a synthetic brain by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_engineering reverse-engineering] the mammalian brain down to the molecular level.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_simulation&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_engineering&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:New_user_landing_page&amp;amp;page=Brain+and+Mind+Institute&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_F%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_de_Lausanne&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Markram&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:New_user_landing_page&amp;amp;page=Felix+Sch%C3%BCrmann&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sean_Hill_(scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2005-05&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Brain Google Brain] A deep learning project part of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_X Google X] attempting to have intelligence similar or equal to human-level.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Dean_(computer_scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
*** Greg Corrado&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Ng&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2011&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Brain_Project Human Brain Project]&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_computing#Brain-inspired_Computing&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_F%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_de_Lausanne&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2013-10-01&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numenta#Open_Source_Community NuPIC], an open source implementation by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numenta Numenta] of its cortical learning algorithm.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_temporal_memory&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numenta&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2013-06&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Cognitive architectures ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4CAPS 4CAPS], developed at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University Carnegie Mellon University] under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Just Marcel A. Just]&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Just&lt;br /&gt;
*** Sashank Varma&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACT-R ACT-R], developed at Carnegie Mellon University under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Robert_Anderson_(psychologist) John R. Anderson].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Robert_Anderson_(psychologist)&lt;br /&gt;
*** Christian Lebiere&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1998&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIXI AIXI], Universal Artificial Intelligence developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Hutter Marcus Hutter] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDSIA IDSIA] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_National_University ANU].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_logic#Formal_logical_systems&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomonoff%27s_theory_of_inductive_inference&lt;br /&gt;
*** sequential decision theory&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Hutter&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2000&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CALO CALO], a DARPA-funded, 25-institution effort to integrate many artificial intelligence approaches (natural language processing, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition speech recognition], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_vision machine vision], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic_logic probabilistic logic], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planning planning], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasoning reasoning], many forms of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning machine learning]) into an AI assistant that learns to help manage your office environment.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRI_International&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2003-05&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2008&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHREST CHREST], developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernand_Gobet Fernand Gobet] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunel_University Brunel University] and Peter C. Lane at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Hertfordshire University of Hertfordshire].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chunking_(psychology)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernand_Gobet&lt;br /&gt;
*** Peter C. Lane&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLARION_(cognitive_architecture) CLARION], developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Sun Ron Sun] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute] and University of Missouri.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicit_memory&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit_knowledge&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Sun&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JACK_Intelligent_Agents CoJACK], an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACT-R ACT-R] inspired extension to the JACK multi-agent system that adds a cognitive architecture to the agents for eliciting more realistic (human-like) behaviors in virtual environments.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-agent_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief-Desire-Intention_software_model&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Agent Oriented Software Pty. Ltd.&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1997&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copycat_(software) Copycat], by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Hofstadter Douglas Hofstadter] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanie_Mitchell Melanie Mitchell] at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana_University_(Bloomington) Indiana University].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analogy&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_terraced_scan&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Hofstadter&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanie_Mitchell&lt;br /&gt;
*** [http://www.cogsci.indiana.edu/ Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition]&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1988&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DUAL_(cognitive_architecture) DUAL], developed at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Bulgarian_University New Bulgarian University] under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boicho_Kokinov Boicho Kokinov].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectionism&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_theory_of_mind&lt;br /&gt;
*** decentralized representation&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergent_algorithm&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boicho_Kokinov&lt;br /&gt;
*** Alexander Petrov&lt;br /&gt;
*** Georgi Petkov&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ivan Vankov&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FORR FORR] developed by Susan L. Epstein at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_City_University_of_New_York The City University of New York].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_solving&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounded_rationality&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satisficing&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_University_of_New_York&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIDA_(cognitive_architecture) IDA and LIDA], implementing [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Workspace_Theory Global Workspace Theory], developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_Franklin Stan Franklin] at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Memphis University of Memphis].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_neuroscience&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Workspace_Theory&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_Franklin&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Memphis&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCog OpenCog] Prime, developed using the OpenCog Framework.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_cognition&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Goertzel&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2008&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_Reasoning_System Procedural Reasoning System] (PRS), developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Georgeff Michael Georgeff] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_L._Lansky Amy L. Lansky] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRI_International SRI International].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasoning_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief%E2%80%93desire%E2%80%93intention_software_model&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Georgeff&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_L._Lansky&lt;br /&gt;
*** François Félix Ingrand&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psi-theory Psi-Theory] developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietrich_D%C3%B6rner Dietrich Dörner] at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto-Friedrich_University Otto-Friedrich University] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamberg Bamberg], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany Germany].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spreading_activation&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietrich_D%C3%B6rner&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-CAST R-CAST], developed at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University Pennsylvania State University].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_support_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturalistic_decision-making&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-agent_system&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Yen&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soar_(cognitive_architecture) Soar], developed under [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Newell Allen Newell] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_E._Laird John Laird] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University Carnegie Mellon University] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Michigan University of Michigan].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_E._Laird&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Newell&lt;br /&gt;
*** Paul Rosenbloom&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1983&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_mind Society of mind] and its successor the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion_machine Emotion machine] proposed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_Minsky Marvin Minsky].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_Minsky&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1986&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsumption_architecture Subsumption architectures], developed e.g. by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodney_Brooks Rodney Brooks] (though it could be argued whether they are &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;cognitive&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;).&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_paradigm&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-based_robotics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computing&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_robot&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_selection&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodney_Brooks&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Games ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo AlphaGo], software developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google Google] that plays the Chinese board game Go.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Board_game&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_(game)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepMind&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2014&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinook_(draughts_player) Chinook], a computer program that plays [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_draughts English draughts]; the first to win the world champion title in the competition against humans.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_draughts&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Schaeffer&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Lake&lt;br /&gt;
*** Paul Lu&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Bryant_(programmer)&lt;br /&gt;
*** Norman Treloar&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1989&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Blue_(chess_computer) Deep Blue], a chess-playing computer developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM IBM] which beat [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garry_Kasparov Garry Kasparov] in 1997.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_chess&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng-hsiung_Hsu&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Anantharaman&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_Campbell&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1985&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeHAL FreeHAL], a self-learning conversation simulator ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatterbot chatterbot]) which uses semantic nets to organize its knowledge to imitate a very close human behavior within conversations.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computing&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatterbot&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_network&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2008&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2012&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halite_AI_Programming_Competition Halite], an artificial intelligence programming competition created by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Sigma Two Sigma].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitive_programming&lt;br /&gt;
*** battle&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Sigma&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornell_Tech&lt;br /&gt;
*** Benjamin Spector&lt;br /&gt;
*** Michael Truell&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-11&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libratus Libratus], a poker AI that beat world-class poker players in 2017, intended to be generalisable to other applications.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_hold_%27em&lt;br /&gt;
*** counterfactual regret minimization&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Tuomas Sandholm&lt;br /&gt;
*** Noam Brown&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2017-01&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quick,_Draw! Quick, Draw!], an online game developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google Google] that challenges players to draw a picture of an object or idea and then uses a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network neural network] to guess what the drawing is.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guessing#Guessing_games&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google&lt;br /&gt;
*** Jonas Jongejan&lt;br /&gt;
*** Henry Rowley&lt;br /&gt;
*** Takashi Kawashima&lt;br /&gt;
*** Jongmin Kim&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ruben Thomson&lt;br /&gt;
*** Nick Fox-Gieg&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-11&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockfish_(chess) Stockfish AI], an open source chess engine currently ranked the highest in many [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_engine#Ratings computer chess rankings].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_engine&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha%E2%80%93beta_pruning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Marco Costalba&lt;br /&gt;
*** Joona Kiiski&lt;br /&gt;
*** Gary Linscott&lt;br /&gt;
*** Tord Romstad&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2008-11-02&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TD-Gammon TD-Gammon], a program that learned to play world-class [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backgammon backgammon] partly by playing against itself ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_difference_learning temporal difference learning] with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network neural networks]).&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backgammon&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_difference_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Gerald Tesauro&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1992&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Internet activism ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Serenata_de_Amor Serenata de Amor], project for the analysis of public expenditures and detect discrepancies.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_activism&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Irio Musskopf&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ana Schwendler&lt;br /&gt;
*** Pedro Vilanova &amp;quot;Tonny&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*** Bruno Pazzim&lt;br /&gt;
*** Filipe Linhares&lt;br /&gt;
*** Jessica Temporal&lt;br /&gt;
*** Yasodara Córdova &amp;quot;Yaso&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*** Tatiana Balachova &amp;quot;Russa&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-09-07&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Knowledge and reasoning ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braina Braina], an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_personal_assistant intelligent personal assistant] application with a voice interface for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_OS Windows OS].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Brainasoft&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyc Cyc], an attempt to assemble an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_(information_science) ontology] and database of everyday knowledge, enabling [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonsense_reasoning human-like reasoning].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_(information_science)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonsense_knowledge_(artificial_intelligence)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference_engine&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Lenat&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1984-07&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurisko Eurisko], a language by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Lenat Douglas Lenat] for solving problems which consists of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristic_algorithm heuristics], including some for how to use and change its heuristics.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristic&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Lenat&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1976&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Now Google Now], an intelligent personal assistant with a voice interface in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google Google]'s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system) Android] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc. Apple Inc.]'s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS iOS], as well as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome Google Chrome] web browser on personal computers.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2012-07-09&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holmes_(computer) Holmes] a new AI created by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wipro Wipro].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_computing&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wipro&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ramprasad K.R. (Rampi)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortana Microsoft Cortana], an intelligent personal assistant with a voice interface in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft Microsoft]'s various [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10_editions Windows 10 editions].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2014-04-02&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycin Mycin], an early medical expert system.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_chaining&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expert_system&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference_engine&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_robot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_H._Shortliffe&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Mind_Common_Sense Open Mind Common Sense], a project based at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_Media_Lab MIT Media Lab] to build a large common sense [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base knowledge base] from online contributions.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonsense_knowledge_(artificial_intelligence)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_Media_Lab&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_Minsky&lt;br /&gt;
*** Push Singh&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Havasi&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1999-09&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P.A.N. P.A.N.], a publicly available text analyzer.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Benjamin Bowes&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2007&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri Siri], an intelligent personal assistant and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Navigator knowledge navigator] with a voice-interface in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc. Apple Inc.]'s [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS iOS] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS macOS].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_synthesis&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolutional_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_short-term_memory&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2011-10-12&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNePS SNePS], simultaneously a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic logic]-based, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_language frame]-based, and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_network network]-based knowledge representation, reasoning, and acting system.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_architecture&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_language&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Stuart C. Shapiro&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1968&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viv_(software) Viv (software)], a new AI by the creators of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri Siri].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Viv Labs, Inc.&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2012&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_Alpha Wolfram Alpha], an online service that answers queries by computing the answer from structured data.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question_answering&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_curation&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_understanding&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_Research&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2009-05-18&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Motion and manipulation ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIBO AIBO], the robot pet for the home, grew out of Sony's Computer Science Laboratory (CSL).&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_pet&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshitada_Doi&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1999-05-11&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cog_(project) Cog], a robot developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology MIT] to study theories of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_science cognitive science] and artificial intelligence, now discontinued.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanoid_robot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1993&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2003&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Music ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melomics Melomics], a bioinspired technology for music composition and synthesization of music, where computers develop their own style, rather than mimic musicians.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic_composition&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_music&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_developmental_biology&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Francisco Vico&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2012-07&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Natural language processing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIML AIML], an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML XML] dialect for creating [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language natural language] software agents.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wallace_(scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2001-07-16&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Lucene Apache Lucene], a high-performance, full-featured text search engine library written entirely in Java.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doug_Cutting&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1999&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenNLP Apache OpenNLP], a machine learning based toolkit for the processing of natural language text. It supports the most common NLP tasks, such as tokenization, sentence segmentation, part-of-speech tagging, named entity extraction, chunking and parsing.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Natural_language_processing_toolkits&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Apache_Software_Foundation&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2004-04-22&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Linguistic_Internet_Computer_Entity Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity] (A.L.I.C.E.), an award-winning natural language processing [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatterbot chatterbot].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wallace_(scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1995-11-23&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleverbot Cleverbot], successor to Jabberwacky, now with 170m lines of conversation, Deep Context, fuzziness and parallel processing. Cleverbot learns from around 2 million user interactions per month.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollo_Carpenter&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1997&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELIZA ELIZA], a famous 1966 computer program by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Weizenbaum Joseph Weizenbaum], which parodied [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Person-centered_therapy person-centered therapy].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Weizenbaum&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1964&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 1966&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabberwacky Jabberwacky], a chatterbot by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollo_Carpenter Rollo Carpenter], aiming to simulate natural human chat.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollo_Carpenter&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1981&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2008-10&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycroft_(software) Mycroft], a free and open-source intelligent personal assistant that uses a natural language user interface.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ryan Sipes&lt;br /&gt;
*** Joshua Montgomery&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PARRY PARRY], another early chatterbot, written in 1972 by Kenneth Colby, attempting to simulate a paranoid schizophrenic.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Colby&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1972&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 1972&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHRDLU SHRDLU], an early natural language processing computer program developed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Winograd Terry Winograd] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology MIT] from 1968 to 1970.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-language_understanding&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocks_world&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Winograd&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1968&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 1970&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYSTRAN SYSTRAN], a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation machine translation] technology by the company of the same name, used by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahoo! Yahoo!], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AltaVista AltaVista] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google Google], among others.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Peter Toma&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start; 1968&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Other ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_the_Road 1 the Road], the first novel marketed by an AI.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Travel_novels&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_short-term_memory&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_technology&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ross Goodwin&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2017-03&lt;br /&gt;
*** End: 2018&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
-----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_Environment_for_Analysis_and_Simulations Synthetic Environment for Analysis and Simulations] (SEAS), a model of the real world used by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeland_security Homeland security] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense United States Department of Defense] that uses [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation simulation] and AI to predict and evaluate future events and courses of action.&amp;lt;sup id=&amp;quot;cite_ref-register_1-0&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;reference&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[#cite_note-register-1 [1]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Simulation_software&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Synthetic_environment&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Multi-agent_systems&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:National_security&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purdue_University&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alok_R._Chaturvedi&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 1994&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Multipurpose projects ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Software libraries ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Mahout Apache Mahout], a library of scalable machine learning algorithms.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_filtering&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_analysis&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Apache_Software_Foundation&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2009-04-07&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deeplearning4j Deeplearning4j], an open-source, distributed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning deep learning] framework written for the JVM.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Alex D. Black&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Gibson_(computer_scientist)&lt;br /&gt;
*** V. Kokorin&lt;br /&gt;
*** Josh Patterson&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2017&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keras Keras], a high level open-source software library for machine learning (works on top of other libraries).&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** François Chollet&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2015-03-27&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Cognitive_Toolkit Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit] (previously known as CNTK), an open source toolkit for building [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network artificial neural networks].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_framework&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Research&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-01-25&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenNN OpenNN], a comprehensive C++ library implementing neural networks.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Artelnics&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2003&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyTorch PyTorch], an open-source Tensor and Dynamic neural network in Python.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning#Deep_neural_networks&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Adam Paszke&lt;br /&gt;
*** Sam Gross&lt;br /&gt;
*** Soumith Chintala&lt;br /&gt;
*** Gregory Chanan&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2016-10&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TensorFlow TensorFlow], an open-source software library for machine learning.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataflow_programming&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiable_programming&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Brain&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2015-11-09&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theano_(software) Theano], a Python library and optimizing compiler for manipulating and evaluating mathematical expressions, especially matrix-valued ones.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Array_programming_languages&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Numerical_programming_languages&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms (MILA)&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2007&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== GUI frameworks ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_Designer Neural Designer], a commercial [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning deep learning] tool for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_analytics predictive analytics].&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_modelling&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Artelnics&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2015&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroph Neuroph], a Java neural network framework.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zoran Sevarac&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2008-09&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidMiner RapidMiner], an environment for machine learning and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining data mining], now developed commercially.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_science&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ralf Klinkenberg&lt;br /&gt;
*** Ingo Mierswa&lt;br /&gt;
*** Simon Fischer&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2006&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weka_(machine_learning) Weka], a free implementation of many machine learning algorithms in Java.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_analysis&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_modelling&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Waikato&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2018-09-04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Cloud services ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Applied Data Applied], a web based [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining data mining] environment.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_intelligence&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_visualization&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** Dominic Pouzin&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2009&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grok_(company) Grok], a service that ingests data streams and creates actionable predictions in real time.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_temporal_memory&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Hawkins&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donna_Dubinsky&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dileep_George&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2005-02-04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watson_(computer) Watson], a pilot service by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM IBM] to uncover and share data-driven insights, and to spur cognitive applications.&lt;br /&gt;
** Topics&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question_answering&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language&lt;br /&gt;
** Participants&lt;br /&gt;
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ferrucci&lt;br /&gt;
** Dates&lt;br /&gt;
*** Start: 2005&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Artificial intelligence]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Conceptual_Modeling&amp;diff=443</id>
		<title>Conceptual Modeling</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Conceptual_Modeling&amp;diff=443"/>
		<updated>2019-08-16T02:52:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: v0.2.0: Reduced to a bullet point, summary format. Added rationales. Replaced my existing, haphazard method with the outline of a more principled one.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Version 0.2.0, 8/15/2019&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== What is conceptual modeling? ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The process of describing a situation in a way that enables someone to fulfill a particular purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
* It's not the concept modeling of architecture (making a physical model of a design), and it's broader than the conceptual modeling of software design.&lt;br /&gt;
* Regardless of its specific procedure, logically it divides into two types of activities:&lt;br /&gt;
** Analysis: separating the subject matter into its components.&lt;br /&gt;
** Synthesis: reassembling the parts by identifying their relationships.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== What is this article? ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A summary of my current thinking on a general approach to conceptual modeling.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Rationale ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why am I developing a modeling approach? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Modeling is a key tool in my life, and I want a more effective way to do it. Developing a method will help me use it more often and with a more thorough and consistent procedure.&lt;br /&gt;
* Modeling should get more widespread use, and work on a general approach can serve as a foundation for its adoption.&lt;br /&gt;
* It's relatively easy to find tools of analysis and modeling in specific domains, but it's hard to find work that ties it all together.&lt;br /&gt;
** Applying a single method to multiple domains means that each domain's conceptual modeling will involve less duplicated work than if they developed their techniques independently.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why am I writing this article? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A summary will help me direct my work and organize the presentation of my findings. The summary is a research agenda.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why do we do conceptual modeling? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* To clarify thinking.&lt;br /&gt;
* To learn information or a skill.&lt;br /&gt;
* To create other content.&lt;br /&gt;
* To build tools.&lt;br /&gt;
* To manage activity.&lt;br /&gt;
* To reach agreement.&lt;br /&gt;
* To make decisions.&lt;br /&gt;
* To solve problems.&lt;br /&gt;
* In the case of this essay, our purpose is to have a general modeling procedure to apply.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why should we improve it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Better models help us solve more problems and solve them better.&lt;br /&gt;
* Faster modeling helps us create these better models sooner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Interdisciplinarity ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== What is it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The collaboration among multiple academic or professional disciplines to pursue the interdisciplinary field's goals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why should a conceptual modeling method use it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Different disciplines have methods and frameworks and viewpoints particular to themselves that can be generalized so that other disciplines can use them.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== How can we use it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Investigate the potential contributions of various disciplines to modeling.&lt;br /&gt;
* Collaborate with those disciplines, seeking input and dialoguing for new insights.&lt;br /&gt;
* Model the modeling of various disciplines, and generalize the results.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Overview: How does conceptual modeling work? ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The modeler follows a process that involves querying internal and external sources in terms of particular conceptual frameworks, evaluating the findings, and encoding the resulting model to present it to the model's stakeholders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Status ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* As a summary, this article doesn't give all the practical advice we'd want.&lt;br /&gt;
* As a summary, the article doesn't address every question, objection, or competing model.&lt;br /&gt;
* As a work in progress, much of it is likely to change in the relatively near future.&lt;br /&gt;
* As a work in progress, it has uneven coverage and gaps that future work will hopefully fill.&lt;br /&gt;
* As a model of modeling, it's subject to evaluation.&lt;br /&gt;
* Since I'm an outsider to most of these disciplines, my initial sources are introductory or popular-level treatments.&lt;br /&gt;
* Since the article is primarily meant for my own use, it might not make complete sense to other people.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Process ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Workflow ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== What is it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The large-scale procedure that moves the model from conception to completion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why do we need it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A consistent procedure enables more reliable planning and better results.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== How is it done? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* An agile methodology is a good starting point.&lt;br /&gt;
* Initialize the project.&lt;br /&gt;
* Gather requirements.&lt;br /&gt;
* Gather personnel and other resources.&lt;br /&gt;
* Plan the work.&lt;br /&gt;
* Research conceptual frameworks and domain knowledge.&lt;br /&gt;
* Conduct modeling sessions.&lt;br /&gt;
** Modify existing frameworks, and create new ones as needed.&lt;br /&gt;
* Test the results.&lt;br /&gt;
* Iterate over this procedure to improve the model.&lt;br /&gt;
* Present the final product.&lt;br /&gt;
* Close the project.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Mental processes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== What is a mental process in conceptual modeling? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A set of activities carried out in the mind to pursue a goal, in this case to become aware of the possible components and relationships of a model and to reason about them.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why should we know about them? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Modeling can't happen without mental processes.&lt;br /&gt;
* The quality of mental processes vary and can be improved with knowledge and practice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Querying ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== What is it? =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Consciously directing the subconscious to deliver answers to explicit or implicit questions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Why do we need it? =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It's the way we articulate information we already know but don't have in our immediate awareness.&lt;br /&gt;
* Having no procedure means the information becomes conscious haphazardly rather than when we need it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== How does it work? =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The mind recalls information based on cues.&lt;br /&gt;
* To ask questions you need a conceptual framework, even a simple and fragmentary one. Your subconscious is matching its perceptions and contents to patterns.&lt;br /&gt;
* Make guesses about answers, and evaluate them based on the feelings and thoughts your subconscious reports back with.&lt;br /&gt;
* The mind can index information in many ways, so be varied in your cues.&lt;br /&gt;
* Externalize the information you surface to serve as further cues without burdening your working memory.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Reasoning ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== What is it? =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The application of logic to information to draw inferences and evaluate claims.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Why do we need it? =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Reality apparently works in a consistent and logical fashion, and models that aren't regulated by logic have a higher chance of clashing with reality, thus failing or causing harm.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== How is it done? =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Learn appropriate conceptual frameworks for logic: categorical, propositional, first-order, bayesian, informal fallacies, cognitive biases, etc.&lt;br /&gt;
* Carry out the mental processes of modeling, applying the logical frameworks to the information and following the conclusions the applications indicate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Productivity ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== What is it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Practices engaged in to maximize the amount of work accomplished.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why do we need it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Using time wisely is responsible.&lt;br /&gt;
* Many projects will be under a time crunch.&lt;br /&gt;
* Maximizing work gives you a competitive advantage, against the problems you're solving, if nothing else.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== How is it done? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Follow general productivity practices.&lt;br /&gt;
* Follow nonlinear modeling.&lt;br /&gt;
* Apply as many frameworks as applicable.&lt;br /&gt;
* Build on previous work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Sources ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Agile development&lt;br /&gt;
* Design thinking&lt;br /&gt;
* Engineering&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Framework ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Construction ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== What is it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Creating a new conceptual framework to use in creating a model.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why do we need it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Models seem to be instantiations of more general frameworks.&lt;br /&gt;
* Our minds need expectations to serve as cues for surfacing more information and patterns to recognize.&lt;br /&gt;
* Models need many different shapes and features to account for all the situations we need to understand to solve all the kinds of problems we encounter.&lt;br /&gt;
* New frameworks can be created based on preexisting components.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== How is it done? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The most manipulable models are based on a framework of parts and relationships.&lt;br /&gt;
* Adapt existing frameworks.&lt;br /&gt;
** Components can be assembled from simpler particles and differentiated from more general categories.&lt;br /&gt;
** Components can be decomposed and then reshaped.&lt;br /&gt;
* Abstract from existing models.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Sources ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== What is it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Frameworks lie on a spectrum of generality, and different fields tend to generate frameworks in different places along the spectrum.&lt;br /&gt;
* These are mainly sources on the more general end of the spectrum, plus some closer to the specific end.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Why do we need it? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The more general fields give us fundamental frameworks and components that can be applied to a broad range of modeling situations.&lt;br /&gt;
* The more specific fields give us models that can be applied directly to situations in those fields and to other fields by analogy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== How is it done? ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Explore likely fundamental fields:&lt;br /&gt;
** Linguistics&lt;br /&gt;
** Mathematics&lt;br /&gt;
** Software engineering&lt;br /&gt;
** Knowledge representation&lt;br /&gt;
** Knowledge organization&lt;br /&gt;
** Data visualization&lt;br /&gt;
* Explore more specific fields. This list is a small sample:&lt;br /&gt;
** Physics&lt;br /&gt;
** Systems theory&lt;br /&gt;
** Intelligence analysis&lt;br /&gt;
** Business analysis&lt;br /&gt;
** Social science research&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Presentation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== What is it? ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The representation and framing of the model in relation to its purpose for the project's stakeholders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Why do we need it? ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The models we build are abstractions, but to communicate them and work with them effectively, we have to give them concrete representations.&lt;br /&gt;
* Fulfilling the project's purpose will usually require communicating more than a bare statement of the model. The presenter will need to frame it, which may include introducing and applying the model.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== How is it done? ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Identify the key communication factors.&lt;br /&gt;
** Purpose&lt;br /&gt;
** Audience&lt;br /&gt;
** Context&lt;br /&gt;
** Format&lt;br /&gt;
* Compose the presentation.&lt;br /&gt;
** Transform the model into the needed format.&lt;br /&gt;
** Frame the model according to the project's purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
* Conduct the presentation.&lt;br /&gt;
* Evaluate the presentation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From this site:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[On Being an Agnostic Christian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[A Framework and Agenda for Memory Improvement]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Navigating the World of Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Math Relearning/Fundamentals]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Math Relearning/Number Sense]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Math Relearning/Math Student Simulator/Introduction]] - A discussion of learning by programming.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Book Weeding Criteria]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From other authors who seem to take a similar approach:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.amazon.com/Visualization-Analysis-Design-AK-Peters/dp/1466508914 Visualization Analysis and Design] by Tamara Munzner&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Roadmap ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here, in general terms, are the improvements I have in mind for this essay.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Articulate and expand my metamodel.&lt;br /&gt;
* Articulate the intuitions to follow.&lt;br /&gt;
* Formalize a procedure.&lt;br /&gt;
* Articulate a supporting model of the mind.&lt;br /&gt;
* Expand the method to cover group processes.&lt;br /&gt;
* Expand it to cover evaluation of claims.&lt;br /&gt;
* Articulate the essential and distinctive features of my approach.&lt;br /&gt;
* Expand my library of model patterns.&lt;br /&gt;
* Expand my library of indirect questions.&lt;br /&gt;
* Incorporate a programming approach.&lt;br /&gt;
* Develop arguments for studying modeling.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Potential sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alexander, Christopher, and Christopher Alexander. ''The Process of Creating Life: An Essay on the Art of Building and the Nature of the Universe''. The Center for Environmental Structure Series, v. 10. Berkeley, CA: Center for Environmental Structure, 2002.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bernard, H. Russell, Amber Wutich, and Gery Wayne Ryan. ''Analyzing Qualitative Data: Systematic Approaches''. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2017.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Britt, David W. ''A Conceptual Introduction to Modeling: Qualitative and Quantitative Perspectives''. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Checkland, Peter. ''Systems Thinking, Systems Practice: Includes a 30-Year Retrospective''. Chichester; New York: John Wiley, 1999.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cooper, Alan. ''About Face: The Essentials of Interaction Design''. 4th ed. Indianapolis, IN: John Wiley and Sons, 2014.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evans, Eric. ''Domain-Driven Design: Tackling Complexity in the Heart of Software''. Boston: Addison-Wesley, 2004.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Flood, Robert L. ''Rethinking the Fifth Discipline: Learning within the Unknowable''. London; New York: Routledge, 1999.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Halpin, T. A., and A. J. Morgan. ''Information Modeling and Relational Databases''. 2nd ed. Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems. Burlington, MA: Elsevier/Morgan Kaufman Publishers, 2008.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Herman, Amy. ''Visual Intelligence: Sharpen Your Perception, Change Your Life''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Heuer, Richards J., and Randolph H. Pherson. ''Structured Analytic Techniques for Intelligence Analysis''. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press, 2015.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Horton, Susan R. ''Thinking through Writing''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Huddleston, Rodney D., and Geoffrey K. Pullum. ''A Student’s Introduction to English Grammar''. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lesh, Richard A., and Helen M. Doerr, eds. ''Beyond Constructivism: Models and Modeling Perspectives on Mathematics Problem Solving, Learning, and Teaching''. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
McDonald, Kent J. ''Beyond Requirements: Analysis with an Agile Mindset''. New York: Addison-Wesley, 2016.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Michalko, Michael. ''Thinkertoys: A Handbook of Creative-Thinking Techniques''. 2nd ed. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press, 2006.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Munzner, Tamara. ''Visualization Analysis and Design''. A.K. Peters Visualization Series. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor &amp;amp; Francis Group, CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor &amp;amp; Francis Group, an informa business, 2015.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Osborne, Grant R. ''The Hermeneutical Spiral: A Comprehensive Introduction to Biblical Interpretation''. 2nd ed. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2006.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Porter, Bruce, Vladimir Lifschitz, and Frank Van Harmelen, eds. ''Handbook of Knowledge Representation''. 1st ed. Foundations of Artificial Intelligence. Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier, 2008.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rosenfeld, Louis, Peter Morville, and Jorge Arango. ''Information Architecture: For the Web and Beyond''. 4th ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, Inc, 2015.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saeed, John I. ''Semantics''. 4th ed. Introducing Linguistics 2. Chichester, West Sussex [England]; Malden, MA: Wiley Blackwell, 2016.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sterman, John. ''Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World''. Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 2000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Philosophy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development/Sources&amp;diff=442</id>
		<title>Software Development/Sources</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Software_Development/Sources&amp;diff=442"/>
		<updated>2019-05-07T14:08:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Merged the Privacy section into Security.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Code examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here are projects that show up in lists of high quality code, so I'll examine some of them and include any relevant discoveries in the project. All the projects I'm listing for now are in Python.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://launchpad.net/bzr Bazaar]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/boto/boto3 boto3]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/django/django Django]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/pallets/flask Flask]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/gevent/gevent gevent]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.mercurial-scm.org/downloads Mercurial]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/nltk/nltk NLTK]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/Pylons/pyramid Pyramid]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/reddit/reddit reddit]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests Requests]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/zzzeek/sqlalchemy SQLAlchemy]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/kennethreitz/tablib Tablib]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado Tornado]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://trac.edgewall.org/browser/trunk/trac trac]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/twisted/twisted Twisted]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl youtube-dl]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to these, I keep a mental list of software with features I might want to emulate, even if I don't plan to study their code very thoroughly:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Developer_guide/Source_Code Firefox] - automatic updating; possibly its add-on architecture, if it ever settles down&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://wordpress.org/download/source/ WordPress] - plugin hooks&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Bibliography ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Architecture ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Buschmann, Frank, ed. ''Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture: A System of Patterns''. Chichester ; New York: Wiley, 1996.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fowler, Martin. ''Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture''. The Addison-Wesley Signature Series. Boston: Addison-Wesley, 2003.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Martin, Robert C. ''Clean Architecture: A Craftsman’s Guide to Software Structure and Design''. Boston: Prentice Hall, 2018.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Continuous delivery ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Humble, Jez, and David Farley. ''Continuous Delivery: Reliable Software Releases through Build, Test, and Deployment Automation''. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley, 2010.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Debugging ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Agans, David J. ''Debugging: The Nine Indispensable Rules for Finding Even the Most Elusive Software and Hardware Problems''. New York: Amacom, 2002.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Design ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evans, Eric. ''Domain-Driven Design: Tackling Complexity in the Heart of Software''. Boston: Addison-Wesley, 2004.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gamma, Erich, ed. ''Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software''. Addison-Wesley Professional Computing Series. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley, 1995.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Martin, Robert C., ed. ''Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship''. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
McConnell, Steve. ''Code Complete''. 2nd ed. Redmond, Wash: Microsoft Press, 2004.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Raymond, Eric S. ''The Art of UNIX Programming: With Contributions from Thirteen UNIX Pioneers, Including Its Inventor, Ken Thompson''. Nachdr. Addison-Wesley Professional Computing Series. Boston: Addison-Wesley, 2008.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Project management ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fogel, Karl. ''Producing Open Source Software: How to Run a Successful Free Software Project''. Version 2.3106., 2018. https://producingoss.com/.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
McConnell, Steve. ''Rapid Development: Taming Wild Software Schedules''. Redmond, Wash: Microsoft Press, 1996.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Stellman, Andrew, and Jennifer Greene. ''Learning Agile''. First edition. Beijing: O’Reilly, 2014.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Refactoring ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fowler, Martin, and Kent Beck. ''Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code''. The Addison-Wesley Object Technology Series. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1999.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Requirements ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
McDonald, Kent J. ''Beyond Requirements: Analysis with an Agile Mindset''. New York: Addison-Wesley, 2016.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Patton, Jeff. ''User Story Mapping: Discover the Whole Story, Build the Right Product''. First edition. Beijing ; Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly, 2014.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Security ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bowman, Courtney, Ari Gesher, John K. Grant, Daniel Slate, and Elissa Lerner. ''The Architecture of Privacy: On Engineering Technologies That Can Deliver Trustworthy Safeguards''. First edition. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2015.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Howard, Michael, David LeBlanc, and John Viega. ''24 Deadly Sins of Software Security: Programming Flaws and How to Fix Them''. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Stability ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nygard, Michael T. ''Release It! Design and Deploy Production-Ready Software''. Second edition. The Pragmatic Programmers. Raleigh, North Carolina: The Pragmatic Bookshelf, 2018.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Testing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Beck, Kent. ''Test-Driven Development: By Example''. The Addison-Wesley Signature Series. Boston: Addison-Wesley, 2003.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Feathers, Michael C., and Robert C. Martin. ''Working Effectively with Legacy Code''. Robert C. Martin Series. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference, 2005.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Freeman, Steve, and Nat Pryce. ''Growing Object-Oriented Software, Guided by Tests''. The Addison-Wesley Signature Series. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison Wesley, 2010.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meszaros, Gerard, and Martin Fowler. ''XUnit Test Patterns: Refactoring Test Code''. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Addison-Wesley, 2007.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== User interface ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cooper, Alan. ''About Face: The Essentials of Interaction Design''. 4th edition. Indianapolis, IN: John Wiley and Sons, 2014.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rosenfeld, Louis, Peter Morville, and Jorge Arango. ''Information Architecture: For the Web and Beyond''. Fourth edition. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, Inc, 2015.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Programming]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Navigating_the_World_of_Comics&amp;diff=441</id>
		<title>Navigating the World of Comics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Navigating_the_World_of_Comics&amp;diff=441"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T09:40:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added links to lists of experimental comics.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Comics are an inviting art form for many reasons, but they're also an overwhelming one. There are just too many comics to know where to start or to easily make sense of the material. At least that's how it can look to a newcomer. This article is a beginner-to-beginner guide to getting started in reading comics. That is, I have a long way to go before I'd call myself an expert, but I'm far enough along that I have things to say.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When I was starting my latest attempt to launch into the world of comics, I asked Google for some getting-started guides. It gave me some, and they were helpful, but they didn't entirely give me what I wanted. So I've done some of my own research and put together a guide that's closer to the map I'm looking for.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this guide I'll invite you to be an explorer. The world of comics is vast, and so is the world of comics discussion. My goal is to give you a way to think about these discussions and then give you starting points for finding them. It's up to you to chart your own path.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a work in progress, so expect some updates!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Mapping the territory ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Before we start navigating, it might be good to get an overall picture of the world we'll be traveling. Here's a good starting point:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicspectrum.com/comics.html Comics - Comic Spectrum] - These articles give brief overviews of different aspects of comics, from which are the major publishers to how to buy comics to what the deal is with manga and webcomics.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The next sites cover large areas of the comics industry in detail. You can use them as references to search for specific information or wander through them aimlessly, clicking any links that catch your eye.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Comics The Comics Portal - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://animanga.wikia.com/wiki/Animanga_Wiki Animanga Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://dmoztools.net/Arts/Comics/ Arts &amp;gt; Comics - dmoztools.net] - The comics section of a general web directory, a large, organized collections of links. This site is only a mirror of the original DMOZ directory, which has been shut down, so more recent sites won't be included, but there's still plenty to explore.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Even in the age of the web, books are still a good source of information. Here are some worthwhile reference books:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.amazon.com/DC-Comics-History-Daniel-Wallace/dp/1465433848/ DC Comics: A Visual History, Updated Edition] - This book highlights the major developments in DC Comics for each year the publisher has existed, heavily illustrated with comic covers and other art. It's a good place to find artists to follow, pick up on major characters and storylines, and place it all in the context of other developments in the comic industry and in world history.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1465414436/ Marvel Year by Year, Updated and Expanded] - The Marvel version of the DC visual history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Choosing destinations ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Whenever you start on a journey, you'll want a destination in mind, or at least a purpose for your travels. For example:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Every few months comic-related hype blows up your Twitter feed, and you want to see what all the hubbub is about.&lt;br /&gt;
* You've dabbled in comics and want to explore them more extensively.&lt;br /&gt;
* You like comic fans and want to be able to talk with them.&lt;br /&gt;
* You want to study the work of other comic creators to learn how to tell your own stories with pictures.&lt;br /&gt;
* You just want to read some good visual stories.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Your goals will guide your decisions along the way. Before going into the details, though, let's look more closely at some destinations you might be aiming for.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Keeping up with new comics ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of your goals might be to catch up on some current storylines in comics so you can keep up with them going forward. How will you keep up once you've caught up? Here's some advice on doing that:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.themarysue.com/how-to-buy-comics-a-beginners-guide/ How To Buy Comics: A Beginner’s Guide - The Mary Sue]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://comicsalliance.com/small-press-previews-indie-comics-website/ Small Press Previews: A New Way Of Keeping Up To Date With The Latest Indie Comics - Comics Alliance]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here are some places to find out about new comic releases:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.previewsworld.com/NewReleases New Releases - Previews World]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://freshcomics.us/ Fresh Comics]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.midtowncomics.com/ Midtown Comics]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://indiecomicsmagazine.com/ Indie Comics Magazine]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/archive News Archive - Anime News Network] - Search the post titles for &amp;quot;releases.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Places to talk about comics ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If one of your goals is to discuss comics with other fans, there's no shortage of places to do that. Here are some starting points for finding them:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.meetup.com/find/events/?keywords=comics Comics meetups near you - Meetup.com] - Places to talk to fellow comic fans in person.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/comics/ Comics - Reddit]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/manga/ Manga - Reddit]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.wishberry.in/blog/10-international-comic-blogs-that-keep-you-updated-with-the-comic-space/ 10 International Comic Blogs That Keep You Updated With The Comic Space - Wishberry] - Most blogs like these let you comment on the posts, and some even have forums so you can start your own discussions.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theweeklypull.net/ The Weekly Pull] - The hub for a group of large comic-related YouTube channels, centered around their shared podcast. They sometimes have guests from other channels, such as [http://www.theweeklypull.net/the-weekly-pull-podcast-episode-22-wnerdsync-productions NerdSync], so you can get an idea of who else is out there. In addition to podcast episodes and YouTube videos, the site features articles and a forum.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planning routes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have an idea of your destination, or at least the kind of travel you want to experience, how will you get there? The approach I'm recommending is to pick one or more specific ways to organize your journey and then pick a strategy for choosing your stops along the way.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here are some other writers who recommend a similar approach:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.howtolovecomics.com/2013/09/12/how-do-i-get-into-comics-guide-for-those-new-to-comics/ How Do I Get Into Comics? - How to Love Comics] - A good set of general advice.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://lifehacker.com/how-to-get-started-reading-comics-that-have-been-runnin-1692145879 How to Get Started Reading Comics That Have Been Running For Decades - Lifehacker]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicbookherald.com/how-to-start-reading-comics/ How To Start Reading Comics In 2017: A Beginner’s Guide - Comic Book Herald]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my version of this scheme, the organizing factors you could choose are&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* sources (places to find comics),&lt;br /&gt;
* stories (quality, stand-alone comic collections),&lt;br /&gt;
* creators (writers and artists),&lt;br /&gt;
* events (important stories from a character's life or a publisher's continuity),&lt;br /&gt;
* and themes (topics or story elements).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I'll go into more detail on each of these factors in the rest of this section. But first let's talk about some basic strategies for choosing comics from your chosen route.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Strategies for choosing comics ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Any path you choose will probably include a lot of comics. There are a few patterns you could use to decide on which of those to read:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Serendipitous selecting''' - In this strategy you pick up any comics that appeal to you without worrying about the ones you leave on the shelf. Your selection can end up looking kind of random. Serendipity is especially helpful for the times when you're looking for possible new routes. When using this strategy, it helps if you aren't a completist. Otherwise you'll still worry about the comics you've left behind.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Exhaustive selecting''' - In this strategy you read every comic you can get your hands on in the route you've chosen. In some cases the route is short enough that this will be manageable. In other cases it'll be challenging or impossible, and that's a good time to consider the next strategy.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ranked selecting''' - In this strategy you read only the important comics in your route. It'll take some research, advice, and thought to decide which comics are important to you, but it could save you a lot of extra reading time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now let's look at some ways to find routes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Source-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this method, you base your selection on whatever you can pick up from a particular source. Sources include libraries, brick-and-mortar stores, and online stores. You probably won't be able to read everything your source offers, so I'd say this method works best with a serendipitous strategy. It's a good way to sample comics when you're looking for a route from another category, such as finding a character to follow (that is, a story- or event-oriented route).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://bookriot.com/2016/06/20/6-ways-to-keep-up-with-comics-when-youre-broke/ 6 Ways to Keep up With Comics When You’re Broke - Book Riot] - This article describes some sources of cheap or free comics.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Free comics ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.worldcat.org/ WorldCat] - An online catalog of thousands of libraries worldwide. If you're only after good comics from your local library, take a trip there and look around. If you're looking for a specific comic, you can search this catalog and see which libraries near you have it. If none of them do, you can probably borrow it through your local library's [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlibrary_loan interlibrary loan] service.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.hoopladigital.com/browse/comic/popular Comics - Hoopla] - Libraries subscribe to this service to offer you digital comics (along with ebooks, audiobooks, music, and movies). Check your library's website to see if they're signed up with Hoopla.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.comixology.com/free-comics Free Comics - comiXology] - Free digital comics from one of the major online retailers.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Comic_Book_Day Free Comic Book Day - Wikipedia] - An annual event that offers a set of free promotional comics through your local comic stores.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://l-lists.com/en/lists/quobv1.html List of Webcomic Directories - L-Lists] - The sites on this list link to thousands of webcomics, most of them completely free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Paid comics ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.freecomicbookday.com/storelocator Find a Shop - Free Comic Book Day] - A searchable directory of physical comic book stores. These are good places to get overwhelmed by comics and to subscribe to regular installments of your favorite titles.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.yelp.com/search?find_desc=Bookstores Bookstores near you - Yelp] - Bookstores sell comics too. One notable chain is [https://www.hpb.com/ Half Price Books], which happily buys and sells used comics and graphic novels.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_comic#Notable_digital_distributors Notable digital distributors - Digital comic - Wikipedia] - Places to buy digital comics online.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_comics_publishing_companies List of comics publishing companies - Wikipedia] - You may be able to order print or digital comics directly from your favorite publishers.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_manga_distributors List of manga distributors - Wikipedia] - Places to buy manga, in some cases the digital editions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Story-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With this method you're looking for high quality comics. You don't care if they're important to a larger storyline. It helps if these are stand-alone stories, but they don't have to be.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can find these by visiting some of the more selective comic sources, such as libraries, and reading whatever they've decided is worth offering. Here's one source of lists that are based on data:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.diamondcomics.com/Home/1/1/3/237 Industry Statistics - Diamond Comic Distributors, Inc.] - Diamond distributes comics from publishers to retailers. This page links to their monthly lists of top selling comics and graphic novels. These ranks are based on orders from retailers rather than purchases by customers, but they should give you a good idea of the significant titles you might want to read.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can also look for lists of good comics online through web searches such as these:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=best+comics+stories Best comics stories - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=new+to+comics New to comics - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=comics+getting+started Comics getting started - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=best+stand+alone+comics Best stand alone comics - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=literary+comics Literary comics - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=best+indie+comics Best indie comics - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=best+manga Best manga - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You'll find a lot of these lists. Here are a bunch to start with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://twocatscomicbookstore.blogspot.com/p/new-to-reading-comic-books-heres-where.html New to Comics? Start Here! - All Things Geeky]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://mashable.com/2015/08/02/comics-for-new-fans/#U7pBRxbd9sqF 25 comic books for nerdy newbies to read first - Mashable]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://comicvine.gamespot.com/profile/johnkmccubbin91/lists/my-top-stories-and-story-arcs-of-all-time/44413/ My Top Stories and Story Arcs of All Time - Comic Vine]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/superhero-comic-books-100-best-934371 100 Greatest Superhero Comics - Hollywood Reporter]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2013/01/the-25-comic-books-you-need-to-read-before-you-die/ The 25 Comic Books You Need To Read Before You Die - Complex]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://forbiddenplanet.com/log/50-best-best-graphic-novels/ 50 Best Of The Best Graphic Novels - Forbidden Planet]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.listchallenges.com/top-100-comic-book-storylines Top 100 Comic Book Storylines - List Challenges]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicbookherald.com/the-best-comics-of-all-time/ Dave’s Faves: All The Best Comics I’ve Ever Read - Comic Book Herald]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.nerdophiles.com/2015/01/25/a-beginners-guide-to-literary-comics/ A Beginner’s Guide to Literary Comics - Nerdophiles]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/lists/drawn-out-the-50-best-non-superhero-graphic-novels-20140505 Drawn Out: The 50 Best Non-Superhero Graphic Novels - Rolling Stone]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.buzzfeed.com/summeranne/60-comics-everyone-should-read?utm_term=.axBWP74x1R#.hqQM2PK43k 60 Comics Everyone Should Read - BuzzFeed]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.comixology.com/New-to-comiXology-Start-Here/page/502 New to Comics? Start Here! - comiXology]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_best-selling_manga List of best-selling manga - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.theguardian.com/childrens-books-site/2014/feb/03/manga-top-ten-teens Manga comics: where to start - The Guardian]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Creator-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this method you pick one or more comic writers or artists to follow and read some or all of their works.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Comics_creators Category:Comics creators - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://pjmedia.com/lifestyle/2014/6/25/the-10-greatest-comic-book-writers-of-all-time/ The 10 Greatest Comic Book Writers of All Time - PJ Media]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.goliath.com/comics/the-10-most-influential-comic-book-writers-of-all-time/ The 10 Most Influential Comic Book Writers Of All Time - Goliath]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.creativebloq.com/comics/comic-book-artists-712389 The 10 greatest comic book artists of all time - Creative Bloq]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicartfans.com/comicartistsmain.asp Comic Artists - Comicartfans] - A large database of artists with lists on the front page of top ranking entries.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://geekandsundry.com/keep-current-by-reading-this-one-bleeding-edge-comic-book/ Keep Current by Reading This One Bleeding Edge Comic Book - Geek &amp;amp; Sundry]&lt;br /&gt;
* Creators of experimental comics&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Experimental Literature Links#Experimental_comics|Experimental comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Experimental Literature Links#Comic-based_autobiography|Autobiographical comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Experimental Literature Links#Medium|More autobiographical comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Event-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many stories in comics take place in the context of a larger storyline. You could view the life of a character or team as a single storyline, or an entire comic book series, or even a publisher's complete body of work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One type of route is to read through one or more of these story arcs. If you have the time, you could try to read through every issue of the arc, or you can find ways to narrow down the list to the most interesting or important parts of the story.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that the top two publishers treat so much of their material as one semi-cohesive set of stories is one reason people find comics so hard to start reading. The good news is that both DC and Marvel periodically publish major story arcs in the form of crossover events. These events can serve as a way to organize the overall storyline of the publisher's universe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_DC_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of DC Comics crossover events - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_Marvel_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of Marvel Comics crossover events - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some story arcs can be hard to follow because they're spread out over a long time period and draw from several comic titles. So a lot of people have taken the time to put together reading orders to guide you, either through every issue of the story or through what they consider the most important parts. Here are some sites that cover a lot of storylines, mostly from DC and Marvel:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicbookherald.com/ Comic Book Herald]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://comicbookreadingorders.com/ Comic Book Reading Orders]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.tradereadingorder.com/list/comics/ Comics - Trade Reading Order]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.readingorders.com/ Comic Reading Orders]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.dcindexes.com/ Mike's Amazing World of Comics]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/comicreadingorders/ Comic Reading Orders - Reddit]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://cmro.travis-starnes.com/ The Complete Marvel Reading Order]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.alltimelines.com/all-comic-timelines/ All Comic Timelines - All Timelines] - This site puts the comics from various universes in chronological rather than publication order.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.supermegamonkey.net/chronocomic/ Marvel Comics Chronology - SuperMegaMonkey]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you search the web yourself for reading orders, you'll also find some for more obscure storylines, such as this interesting project that explores short-lived publishers from the 1990s:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theshareduniverse.com/tag/dead-universes/ Dead Universes - The Shared Universe]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A lot of reading orders list individual comic issues, but these can be hard to get your hands on. Fortunately, publishers often release collections of related issues as trade paperbacks or hardcovers, and these are a lot easier to find. How will you know which collections have the issues you need? The database sites below will help. Search for an issue, and the issue's page will list other issues or collections where it's been reprinted:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.comics.org/ The Grand Comics Database] - The GCD lists reprints of the individual stories within an issue.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://comicbookdb.com/ Comic Book DB] - Trade paperback collections are labeled TPB, and hardcovers are labeled HC.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Theme-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This last method is sort of a catch-all category for factors that cut across the other methods. These include story elements, genres, audiences, topics, and any other factor you can think of. Sometimes you'll find websites about comics on your chosen theme, but in a lot of cases, the best way to find relevant comics is a good old fashioned web search. Here are some examples:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=comics+about+cyborgs Comics about cyborgs - Google] - A story element, a character type.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=comics+set+in+chicago Comics set in Chicago - Google] - Another story element, a setting.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=slice+of+life+manga Slice of life manga - Google] - A genre.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=manga+about+revenge Manga about revenge - Google] - A topic.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.kidscomics.com/Home/1/1/60/1046 Kids Comics] - An audience.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Example ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here's a more detailed look at how you could put together [[DC Event Collection Reading Order|a plan for reading through DC's events]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Closing thoughts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this guide I've tried to give you a broad set of starting points for planning your comic reading adventures. The next steps are up to you. Pick a goal, pick a method, do some research, chart a course, and have fun reading. Maybe even share your journey with others. And feel free to leave feedback on this guide in the comments below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add examples.&lt;br /&gt;
* Cover the different types of comics more evenly (superhero, licensed, literary, webcomics, manga, etc.).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=440</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=440"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T09:39:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Organized the &amp;quot;Medium&amp;quot; subsection of &amp;quot;Experimental life writing.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
* Conceptual art [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_art Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Performance art [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_art Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Edward Ruscha [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Ruscha Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Standard Stations by Edward Ruscha [[https://www.archeus.com/artists/piece/ruscha-i-standard-station-ii-mocha-standard-iii-cheese-mold-standard-with-o Archeus]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Actual Size by Edward Ruscha [[https://www.wikiart.org/en/edward-ruscha/actual-size-1962 WikiArt]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mel Bochner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Bochner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean-Michel Basquiat [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Edward Kienholz [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Kienholz Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dan Graham [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Graham Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Morris (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Morris_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* On Kawara [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Kawara Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bruce Nauman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Nauman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Burden [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Burden Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vito Acconci [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vito_Acconci Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* George Brecht [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Brecht Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* John Cage [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cage Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Marcel Broodthaers [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Broodthaers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Barbara Kruger [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Kruger Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Art &amp;amp; Language [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_%26_Language Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Terry Atkinson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Atkinson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Michael Baldwin [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-16838 Tate]] [[https://www.moma.org/artists/21325 MoMA]]&lt;br /&gt;
** David Bainbridge [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-17138 Tate]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Harold Hurrell [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-16245 Tate]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Charles Townsend Harrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townsend_Harrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joseph Kosuth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kosuth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** One and Three Chairs by Joseph Kosuth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_and_Three_Chairs Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Texts (Waiting for-) for Nothing by Joseph Kosuth [[https://www.skny.com/exhibitions/joseph-kosuth3 Sean Kelly Gallery]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art and &amp;amp; language, hostages XXV - LXXVI by Christian Schlatter David Batchelor [[https://www.librarything.com/work/22244074 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources?isbn=9780947830243 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Daniel Buren [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Buren Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joseph Beuys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare by Joseph Beuys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Explain_Pictures_to_a_Dead_Hare Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even by Marcel Duchamp [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bride_Stripped_Bare_by_Her_Bachelors,_Even Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Laurie Anderson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurie_Anderson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jonathan Borofsky [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Borofsky Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ann Hamilton (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Hamilton_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Tropos by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/objects/tropos_books.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lineament by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/objects/lineament_bookball.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mercy by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/projects/mercy.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** VERSE by Ann Hamilton [[http://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/public/verse.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lawrence Weiner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Weiner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Douglas Huebler [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Huebler Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Barry (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Barry_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Smithson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Smithson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_Jetty Wikipedia]] [[https://www.wikiart.org/en/robert-smithson/spiral-jetty-1970 WikiArt]]&lt;br /&gt;
** A Heap of Language by Robert Smithson [[https://www.moma.org/collection/works/149054 MoMA]] [[https://www.robertsmithson.com/essays/heap.htm Robert Smithson]]&lt;br /&gt;
** &amp;quot;Strata, a Geophotographic Fiction,&amp;quot; Robert Smithson: The Collected Writings by Robert Smithson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/61528 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** &amp;quot;A Sedimentation of the Mind: Earth Proposals,&amp;quot; Robert Smithson: The Collected Writings by Robert Smithson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/61528 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jenny Holzer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenny_Holzer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Truisms by Jenny Holzer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truisms_(Jenny_Holzer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Laments by Jenny Holzer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3339875 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.diaart.org/program/exhibitions-projects/jenny-holzer-laments-exhibition Dia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Lustmord by Jenny Holzer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3338682 LibraryThing]] [[https://wellcomecollection.org/articles/WqfvayUAAKsrVreh Wellcome Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Under a Rock: Crack the Pelvis by Jenny Holzer [[http://www.colby.edu/museum/?s=under%20a%20rock&amp;amp;obj=Obj220?sid=1079&amp;amp;x=24931 Colby College Museum of Art]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Truth Before Power by Henri Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3338740 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer Projections [[http://www.jennyholzer.com/Projections/list.php Jenny Holzer]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/light-as-touch-jenny-holzers-nighttime-poetry-projections The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Elizabeth Bishop granite benches by Jenny Holzer [[http://info.vassar.edu/news/2005-2006/060505-jenny-holzers.html Vassar College]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Contradictions =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6923 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Babysitter,&amp;quot; Pricksongs &amp;amp; Descants: Fictions by Robert Coover [[https://www.librarything.com/work/271307 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Libera Me Domine by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/478922 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Here We Aren’t, So Quickly&amp;quot; by Jonathan Safran Foer, 20 Under 40: Stories from The New Yorker by Deborah Treisman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10491291 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/06/14/here-we-arent-so-quickly full text - The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Country Doctor,&amp;quot; A Country Doctor: Short Stories by Franz Kafka [[https://www.librarything.com/work/195671 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Country_Doctor_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Ontological impossibility =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pleasantville [1998 film] by Gary Ross [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3510622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Continuity of Parks,&amp;quot; Blow-up and Other Stories by Julio Cortázar [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9057461 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuidad_de_los_parques Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jasper Fforde [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasper_Fforde Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen omnibus by Alan Moore [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11388754 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible space =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8288 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Counter-Clock World by Philip K. Dick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1309466 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Time's Arrow, or The Nature of the Offence by Martin Amis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11900 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Mustache by Emmanuel Carrère [[https://www.librarything.com/work/529866 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible texts =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Book of Sand,&amp;quot; The Book of Sand by Jorge Luis Borges [[http://www.librarything.com/work/467534 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Sand Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Thousand and One Nights [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Thousand_and_One_Nights Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Garden of Forking Paths,&amp;quot; Labyrinths; Selected stories &amp;amp; other writings by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/607 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_of_Forking_Paths Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Comics&lt;br /&gt;
** The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Non-diegetic poetry&lt;br /&gt;
** Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Reference-work structure&lt;br /&gt;
** A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental comics ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Early twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Little Nemo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wordless novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordless_novel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Vertigo by Lynd Ward [[https://www.librarything.com/work/334743 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo_(wordless_novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Frans Masereel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans_Masereel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Otto Nückel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_N%C3%BCckel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Giacomo Patri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Patri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Late twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mad (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Underground comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Robert Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zap Comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap_Comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Weirdo (comics) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weirdo_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art Spiegelman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Spiegelman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Breakdowns: Portrait of the Artist as a Young %@&amp;amp;amp;amp;*! by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5655445 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdowns_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Raw (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Here by Richard McGuire [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14952042 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary by Justin Green [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3275118 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binky_Brown_Meets_the_Holy_Virgin_Mary Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Aline Kominsky-Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aline_Kominsky-Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Twenty-first century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PictureBox [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PictureBox Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Shadow of No Towers by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7016 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Shadow_of_No_Towers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Ware [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ware Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jimmy Corrigan : the smartest kid on earth by Chris Ware [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7614 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Corrigan,_the_Smartest_Kid_on_Earth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Unmasked [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/11/02/unmasked-4 The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alison Bechdel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison_Bechdel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joe Sacco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Sacco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lynda Barry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynda_Barry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** What It Is by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4598224 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Picture This: The Near-sighted Monkey Book by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8906129 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jason Shiga [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Shiga Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 365 Days: A Diary by Julie Doucet by Julie Doucet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3471751 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Abstract comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Abstract Comics: The Anthology by Andrei Molotiu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8785206 LibraryThing]] [[http://abstractcomics.blogspot.com/ Abstract Comics: The Blog]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
* Storyspace [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storyspace Wikipedia]] [[http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/2/000128/000128.html Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace - Digital Humanities Quarterly]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/ell/2017/10/28/untangling-threads-in-the-maze/ Untangling Threads in the Labyrinth – Electronic Literature Lab]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Click by John Barth [[https://elmcip.net/node/1991 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Glass Snail: a Pre-Christmas Tale by Milorad Pavić [[https://elmcip.net/node/1080 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 10:01 by Lance Olsen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1139235 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/1356 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10:01 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* TOC: A New Media Novel by Steve Tomasula [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9462724 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/835 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The LiveJournal of Zachary Marsh by Matthew Baldwin [[https://elmcip.net/node/13635 ELMCIP]] [[https://themorningnews.org/article/the-livejournal-of-zachary-marsh full text - The Morning News]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Penguins [[https://elmcip.net/node/6215 ELMCIP]] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20090803141129/http://www.amillionpenguins.com/wiki/index.php/Welcome full text - PenguinWiki]] [[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228465833_A_million_penguins_research_report (PDF) A million penguins research report - ResearchGate]] [[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2007/mar/12/livingwithamillionpenguins Living with A Million Penguins: inside the wiki-novel - The Guardian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blue Company by Rob Wittig [[https://elmcip.net/node/368 ELMCIP]] [[http://robwit.net/?project=blue-company robwit.net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Deena Larsen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deena_Larsen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 1.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/3231 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 3.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/4417 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Disappearing Rain by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/759 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Judy Malloy [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Malloy Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse by John McDaid [[https://elmcip.net/node/519 ELMCIP]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/pathfinders/authors-works/john-mcdaid-uncle-buddys-phantom-funhouse/ Pathfinders]] [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/mcdaids-traversal John McDaid's Traversal - Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael Joyce (writer) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joyce_(writer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/236 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afternoon,_a_story Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Twelve Blue by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/237 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* I Have Said Nothing by J. Yellowlees Douglas [[https://elmcip.net/node/2063 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_Said_Nothing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* We Descend by Bill Bly [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/bill-bly Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Edgerus Scriptor, Volume One [[https://elmcip.net/node/1101 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Egderus Scriptor, Volume Two [[https://elmcip.net/node/4269 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/239 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchwork_Girl_(hypertext) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Califia by M. D. Coverley [[https://elmcip.net/node/723 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop [[https://elmcip.net/node/352 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Garden_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, Dirk Stratton, and Frank Marquardt [[https://elmcip.net/node/662 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* GRAMMATRON by Mark Amerika [[https://elmcip.net/node/581 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 253 by Geoff Ryman [[https://elmcip.net/node/7513 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/253_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Jew's Daughter by Judd Morrissey [[https://elmcip.net/node/78 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erik Loyer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Loyer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Chroma by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/1289 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lair of the Marrow Monkey by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/5067 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shelley Jackson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Jackson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/793 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* About Time by Rob Swigart [[https://elmcip.net/node/4112 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam by Andy Campbell and Martyn Bedford [[https://elmcip.net/node/1600 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virtual_Disappearance_of_Miriam Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Varicella by Adam Cadre [[https://elmcip.net/node/7775 ELMCIP]] [[http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Varicella IFWiki]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_(video_game) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Nestvold [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Nestvold Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joe's Heartbeat in Budapest by Ruth Nestvold [[http://www.lit-arts.net/JHIB/begin.htm full text - Lit-Arts.Net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2002: A Palindrome Story in 2002 Words by Nick Montfort and William Gillespie [[https://elmcip.net/node/7962 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Comic-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Autobiographical comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobiographical_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* How to Understand Israel in 60 Days or Less by Sarah Glidden [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8372743 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DAR: A Super Girly Top Secret Comic Diary by Erika Moen [[https://www.librarything.com/series/DAR LibraryThing]] [[https://www.darcomic.com/ DAR]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Webcomics Nation Autobiographical/Slice-of-Life Directory [[https://web.archive.org/web/20150511003243/http://www.webcomicsnation.com/genre.php?genre=4 Webcomics Nation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Museum of Mistakes: The Fart Party Collection by Julia Wertz [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15401747 LibraryThing]] [[http://www.juliawertz.com/ Museum of Mistakes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/jackson__my_body_a_wunderkammer.html full text - Electronic Literature Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Web-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* My War: Killing Time in Iraq by Colby Buzzell [[https://www.librarything.com/work/220797 LibraryThing]] [[http://cbftw.blogspot.com/ cbftw]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vlog [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlog Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Life writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Association pour l'Autobiographie et le Patrimoine Autobiographique [[http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1739/3239 The Story of a French Life-Writing Archive - Forum: Qualitative Social Research]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oral history [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_history Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mass-Observation [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-Observation Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** American Social History Project [[https://ashp.cuny.edu/ Center for Media and Learning]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DissemiNET [[https://web.archive.org/web/20010405012224/http://www.dissemi.net:80/ dissemi.net]] [[https://walkerart.org/collections/artists/stryker-beth-900809 Interview with Sawad Brooks + Beth Stryker - Walker Art Center]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Recollecting Adams [[https://mariannerpetit.com/web-video-animations/2008-09-recollecting-adams/ full video - Marianne R. Petit]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Avatar-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cell phone novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_phone_novel Wikipedia]] [[http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/005332.html A million cellphone novels - Language Log]]&lt;br /&gt;
* MMORPG [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_role-playing_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virtual world [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_world Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Second Life [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=439</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=439"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T08:48:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added a planned update for adding works to author-only sections.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
* Conceptual art [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_art Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Performance art [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_art Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Edward Ruscha [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Ruscha Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Standard Stations by Edward Ruscha [[https://www.archeus.com/artists/piece/ruscha-i-standard-station-ii-mocha-standard-iii-cheese-mold-standard-with-o Archeus]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Actual Size by Edward Ruscha [[https://www.wikiart.org/en/edward-ruscha/actual-size-1962 WikiArt]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mel Bochner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Bochner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean-Michel Basquiat [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Edward Kienholz [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Kienholz Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dan Graham [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Graham Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Morris (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Morris_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* On Kawara [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Kawara Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bruce Nauman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Nauman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Burden [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Burden Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vito Acconci [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vito_Acconci Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* George Brecht [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Brecht Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* John Cage [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cage Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Marcel Broodthaers [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Broodthaers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Barbara Kruger [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Kruger Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Art &amp;amp; Language [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_%26_Language Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Terry Atkinson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Atkinson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Michael Baldwin [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-16838 Tate]] [[https://www.moma.org/artists/21325 MoMA]]&lt;br /&gt;
** David Bainbridge [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-17138 Tate]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Harold Hurrell [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-16245 Tate]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Charles Townsend Harrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townsend_Harrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joseph Kosuth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kosuth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** One and Three Chairs by Joseph Kosuth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_and_Three_Chairs Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Texts (Waiting for-) for Nothing by Joseph Kosuth [[https://www.skny.com/exhibitions/joseph-kosuth3 Sean Kelly Gallery]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art and &amp;amp; language, hostages XXV - LXXVI by Christian Schlatter David Batchelor [[https://www.librarything.com/work/22244074 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources?isbn=9780947830243 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Daniel Buren [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Buren Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joseph Beuys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare by Joseph Beuys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Explain_Pictures_to_a_Dead_Hare Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even by Marcel Duchamp [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bride_Stripped_Bare_by_Her_Bachelors,_Even Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Laurie Anderson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurie_Anderson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jonathan Borofsky [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Borofsky Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ann Hamilton (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Hamilton_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Tropos by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/objects/tropos_books.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lineament by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/objects/lineament_bookball.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mercy by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/projects/mercy.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** VERSE by Ann Hamilton [[http://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/public/verse.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lawrence Weiner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Weiner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Douglas Huebler [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Huebler Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Barry (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Barry_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Smithson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Smithson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_Jetty Wikipedia]] [[https://www.wikiart.org/en/robert-smithson/spiral-jetty-1970 WikiArt]]&lt;br /&gt;
** A Heap of Language by Robert Smithson [[https://www.moma.org/collection/works/149054 MoMA]] [[https://www.robertsmithson.com/essays/heap.htm Robert Smithson]]&lt;br /&gt;
** &amp;quot;Strata, a Geophotographic Fiction,&amp;quot; Robert Smithson: The Collected Writings by Robert Smithson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/61528 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** &amp;quot;A Sedimentation of the Mind: Earth Proposals,&amp;quot; Robert Smithson: The Collected Writings by Robert Smithson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/61528 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jenny Holzer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenny_Holzer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Truisms by Jenny Holzer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truisms_(Jenny_Holzer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Laments by Jenny Holzer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3339875 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.diaart.org/program/exhibitions-projects/jenny-holzer-laments-exhibition Dia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Lustmord by Jenny Holzer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3338682 LibraryThing]] [[https://wellcomecollection.org/articles/WqfvayUAAKsrVreh Wellcome Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Under a Rock: Crack the Pelvis by Jenny Holzer [[http://www.colby.edu/museum/?s=under%20a%20rock&amp;amp;obj=Obj220?sid=1079&amp;amp;x=24931 Colby College Museum of Art]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Truth Before Power by Henri Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3338740 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer Projections [[http://www.jennyholzer.com/Projections/list.php Jenny Holzer]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/light-as-touch-jenny-holzers-nighttime-poetry-projections The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Elizabeth Bishop granite benches by Jenny Holzer [[http://info.vassar.edu/news/2005-2006/060505-jenny-holzers.html Vassar College]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Contradictions =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6923 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Babysitter,&amp;quot; Pricksongs &amp;amp; Descants: Fictions by Robert Coover [[https://www.librarything.com/work/271307 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Libera Me Domine by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/478922 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Here We Aren’t, So Quickly&amp;quot; by Jonathan Safran Foer, 20 Under 40: Stories from The New Yorker by Deborah Treisman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10491291 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/06/14/here-we-arent-so-quickly full text - The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Country Doctor,&amp;quot; A Country Doctor: Short Stories by Franz Kafka [[https://www.librarything.com/work/195671 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Country_Doctor_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Ontological impossibility =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pleasantville [1998 film] by Gary Ross [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3510622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Continuity of Parks,&amp;quot; Blow-up and Other Stories by Julio Cortázar [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9057461 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuidad_de_los_parques Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jasper Fforde [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasper_Fforde Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen omnibus by Alan Moore [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11388754 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible space =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8288 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Counter-Clock World by Philip K. Dick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1309466 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Time's Arrow, or The Nature of the Offence by Martin Amis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11900 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Mustache by Emmanuel Carrère [[https://www.librarything.com/work/529866 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible texts =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Book of Sand,&amp;quot; The Book of Sand by Jorge Luis Borges [[http://www.librarything.com/work/467534 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Sand Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Thousand and One Nights [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Thousand_and_One_Nights Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Garden of Forking Paths,&amp;quot; Labyrinths; Selected stories &amp;amp; other writings by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/607 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_of_Forking_Paths Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental comics ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Early twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Little Nemo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wordless novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordless_novel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Vertigo by Lynd Ward [[https://www.librarything.com/work/334743 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo_(wordless_novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Frans Masereel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans_Masereel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Otto Nückel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_N%C3%BCckel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Giacomo Patri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Patri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Late twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mad (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Underground comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Robert Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zap Comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap_Comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Weirdo (comics) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weirdo_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art Spiegelman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Spiegelman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Breakdowns: Portrait of the Artist as a Young %@&amp;amp;amp;amp;*! by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5655445 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdowns_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Raw (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Here by Richard McGuire [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14952042 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary by Justin Green [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3275118 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binky_Brown_Meets_the_Holy_Virgin_Mary Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Aline Kominsky-Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aline_Kominsky-Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Twenty-first century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PictureBox [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PictureBox Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Shadow of No Towers by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7016 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Shadow_of_No_Towers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Ware [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ware Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jimmy Corrigan : the smartest kid on earth by Chris Ware [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7614 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Corrigan,_the_Smartest_Kid_on_Earth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Unmasked [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/11/02/unmasked-4 The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alison Bechdel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison_Bechdel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joe Sacco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Sacco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lynda Barry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynda_Barry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** What It Is by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4598224 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Picture This: The Near-sighted Monkey Book by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8906129 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jason Shiga [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Shiga Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 365 Days: A Diary by Julie Doucet by Julie Doucet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3471751 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Abstract comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Abstract Comics: The Anthology by Andrei Molotiu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8785206 LibraryThing]] [[http://abstractcomics.blogspot.com/ Abstract Comics: The Blog]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
* Storyspace [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storyspace Wikipedia]] [[http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/2/000128/000128.html Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace - Digital Humanities Quarterly]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/ell/2017/10/28/untangling-threads-in-the-maze/ Untangling Threads in the Labyrinth – Electronic Literature Lab]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Click by John Barth [[https://elmcip.net/node/1991 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Glass Snail: a Pre-Christmas Tale by Milorad Pavić [[https://elmcip.net/node/1080 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 10:01 by Lance Olsen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1139235 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/1356 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10:01 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* TOC: A New Media Novel by Steve Tomasula [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9462724 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/835 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The LiveJournal of Zachary Marsh by Matthew Baldwin [[https://elmcip.net/node/13635 ELMCIP]] [[https://themorningnews.org/article/the-livejournal-of-zachary-marsh full text - The Morning News]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Penguins [[https://elmcip.net/node/6215 ELMCIP]] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20090803141129/http://www.amillionpenguins.com/wiki/index.php/Welcome full text - PenguinWiki]] [[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228465833_A_million_penguins_research_report (PDF) A million penguins research report - ResearchGate]] [[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2007/mar/12/livingwithamillionpenguins Living with A Million Penguins: inside the wiki-novel - The Guardian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blue Company by Rob Wittig [[https://elmcip.net/node/368 ELMCIP]] [[http://robwit.net/?project=blue-company robwit.net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Deena Larsen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deena_Larsen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 1.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/3231 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 3.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/4417 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Disappearing Rain by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/759 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Judy Malloy [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Malloy Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse by John McDaid [[https://elmcip.net/node/519 ELMCIP]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/pathfinders/authors-works/john-mcdaid-uncle-buddys-phantom-funhouse/ Pathfinders]] [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/mcdaids-traversal John McDaid's Traversal - Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael Joyce (writer) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joyce_(writer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/236 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afternoon,_a_story Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Twelve Blue by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/237 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* I Have Said Nothing by J. Yellowlees Douglas [[https://elmcip.net/node/2063 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_Said_Nothing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* We Descend by Bill Bly [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/bill-bly Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Edgerus Scriptor, Volume One [[https://elmcip.net/node/1101 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Egderus Scriptor, Volume Two [[https://elmcip.net/node/4269 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/239 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchwork_Girl_(hypertext) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Califia by M. D. Coverley [[https://elmcip.net/node/723 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop [[https://elmcip.net/node/352 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Garden_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, Dirk Stratton, and Frank Marquardt [[https://elmcip.net/node/662 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* GRAMMATRON by Mark Amerika [[https://elmcip.net/node/581 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 253 by Geoff Ryman [[https://elmcip.net/node/7513 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/253_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Jew's Daughter by Judd Morrissey [[https://elmcip.net/node/78 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erik Loyer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Loyer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Chroma by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/1289 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lair of the Marrow Monkey by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/5067 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shelley Jackson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Jackson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/793 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* About Time by Rob Swigart [[https://elmcip.net/node/4112 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam by Andy Campbell and Martyn Bedford [[https://elmcip.net/node/1600 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virtual_Disappearance_of_Miriam Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Varicella by Adam Cadre [[https://elmcip.net/node/7775 ELMCIP]] [[http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Varicella IFWiki]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_(video_game) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Nestvold [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Nestvold Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joe's Heartbeat in Budapest by Ruth Nestvold [[http://www.lit-arts.net/JHIB/begin.htm full text - Lit-Arts.Net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2002: A Palindrome Story in 2002 Words by Nick Montfort and William Gillespie [[https://elmcip.net/node/7962 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Comic-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Autobiographical comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobiographical_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* How to Understand Israel in 60 Days or Less by Sarah Glidden [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8372743 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DAR: A Super Girly Top Secret Comic Diary by Erika Moen [[https://www.librarything.com/series/DAR LibraryThing]] [[https://www.darcomic.com/ DAR]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Webcomics Nation Autobiographical/Slice-of-Life Directory [[https://web.archive.org/web/20150511003243/http://www.webcomicsnation.com/genre.php?genre=4 Webcomics Nation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Museum of Mistakes: The Fart Party Collection by Julia Wertz [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15401747 LibraryThing]] [[http://www.juliawertz.com/ Museum of Mistakes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/jackson__my_body_a_wunderkammer.html full text - Electronic Literature Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Web-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* My War: Killing Time in Iraq by Colby Buzzell [[https://www.librarything.com/work/220797 LibraryThing]] [[http://cbftw.blogspot.com/ cbftw]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vlog [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlog Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Life writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Association pour l'Autobiographie et le Patrimoine Autobiographique [[http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1739/3239 The Story of a French Life-Writing Archive - Forum: Qualitative Social Research]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oral history [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_history Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mass-Observation [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-Observation Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** American Social History Project [[https://ashp.cuny.edu/ Center for Media and Learning]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DissemiNET [[https://web.archive.org/web/20010405012224/http://www.dissemi.net:80/ dissemi.net]] [[https://walkerart.org/collections/artists/stryker-beth-900809 Interview with Sawad Brooks + Beth Stryker - Walker Art Center]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Recollecting Adams [[https://mariannerpetit.com/web-video-animations/2008-09-recollecting-adams/ full video - Marianne R. Petit]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Avatar-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cell phone novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_phone_novel Wikipedia]] [[http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/005332.html A million cellphone novels - Language Log]]&lt;br /&gt;
* MMORPG [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_role-playing_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virtual world [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_world Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Second Life [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add works from RCEL to sections that only have authors.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=438</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=438"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T08:40:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Renamed &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Experimental comics.&amp;quot; Renamed the &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography&amp;quot; subsections.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
* Conceptual art [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_art Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Performance art [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_art Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Edward Ruscha [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Ruscha Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Standard Stations by Edward Ruscha [[https://www.archeus.com/artists/piece/ruscha-i-standard-station-ii-mocha-standard-iii-cheese-mold-standard-with-o Archeus]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Actual Size by Edward Ruscha [[https://www.wikiart.org/en/edward-ruscha/actual-size-1962 WikiArt]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mel Bochner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Bochner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean-Michel Basquiat [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Edward Kienholz [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Kienholz Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dan Graham [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Graham Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Morris (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Morris_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* On Kawara [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Kawara Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bruce Nauman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Nauman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Burden [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Burden Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vito Acconci [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vito_Acconci Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* George Brecht [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Brecht Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* John Cage [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cage Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Marcel Broodthaers [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Broodthaers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Barbara Kruger [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Kruger Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Art &amp;amp; Language [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_%26_Language Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Terry Atkinson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Atkinson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Michael Baldwin [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-16838 Tate]] [[https://www.moma.org/artists/21325 MoMA]]&lt;br /&gt;
** David Bainbridge [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-17138 Tate]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Harold Hurrell [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-16245 Tate]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Charles Townsend Harrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townsend_Harrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joseph Kosuth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kosuth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** One and Three Chairs by Joseph Kosuth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_and_Three_Chairs Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Texts (Waiting for-) for Nothing by Joseph Kosuth [[https://www.skny.com/exhibitions/joseph-kosuth3 Sean Kelly Gallery]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art and &amp;amp; language, hostages XXV - LXXVI by Christian Schlatter David Batchelor [[https://www.librarything.com/work/22244074 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources?isbn=9780947830243 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Daniel Buren [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Buren Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joseph Beuys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare by Joseph Beuys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Explain_Pictures_to_a_Dead_Hare Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even by Marcel Duchamp [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bride_Stripped_Bare_by_Her_Bachelors,_Even Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Laurie Anderson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurie_Anderson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jonathan Borofsky [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Borofsky Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ann Hamilton (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Hamilton_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Tropos by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/objects/tropos_books.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lineament by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/objects/lineament_bookball.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mercy by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/projects/mercy.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** VERSE by Ann Hamilton [[http://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/public/verse.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lawrence Weiner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Weiner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Douglas Huebler [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Huebler Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Barry (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Barry_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Smithson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Smithson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_Jetty Wikipedia]] [[https://www.wikiart.org/en/robert-smithson/spiral-jetty-1970 WikiArt]]&lt;br /&gt;
** A Heap of Language by Robert Smithson [[https://www.moma.org/collection/works/149054 MoMA]] [[https://www.robertsmithson.com/essays/heap.htm Robert Smithson]]&lt;br /&gt;
** &amp;quot;Strata, a Geophotographic Fiction,&amp;quot; Robert Smithson: The Collected Writings by Robert Smithson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/61528 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** &amp;quot;A Sedimentation of the Mind: Earth Proposals,&amp;quot; Robert Smithson: The Collected Writings by Robert Smithson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/61528 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jenny Holzer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenny_Holzer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Truisms by Jenny Holzer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truisms_(Jenny_Holzer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Laments by Jenny Holzer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3339875 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.diaart.org/program/exhibitions-projects/jenny-holzer-laments-exhibition Dia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Lustmord by Jenny Holzer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3338682 LibraryThing]] [[https://wellcomecollection.org/articles/WqfvayUAAKsrVreh Wellcome Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Under a Rock: Crack the Pelvis by Jenny Holzer [[http://www.colby.edu/museum/?s=under%20a%20rock&amp;amp;obj=Obj220?sid=1079&amp;amp;x=24931 Colby College Museum of Art]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Truth Before Power by Henri Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3338740 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer Projections [[http://www.jennyholzer.com/Projections/list.php Jenny Holzer]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/light-as-touch-jenny-holzers-nighttime-poetry-projections The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Elizabeth Bishop granite benches by Jenny Holzer [[http://info.vassar.edu/news/2005-2006/060505-jenny-holzers.html Vassar College]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Contradictions =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6923 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Babysitter,&amp;quot; Pricksongs &amp;amp; Descants: Fictions by Robert Coover [[https://www.librarything.com/work/271307 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Libera Me Domine by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/478922 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Here We Aren’t, So Quickly&amp;quot; by Jonathan Safran Foer, 20 Under 40: Stories from The New Yorker by Deborah Treisman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10491291 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/06/14/here-we-arent-so-quickly full text - The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Country Doctor,&amp;quot; A Country Doctor: Short Stories by Franz Kafka [[https://www.librarything.com/work/195671 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Country_Doctor_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Ontological impossibility =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pleasantville [1998 film] by Gary Ross [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3510622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Continuity of Parks,&amp;quot; Blow-up and Other Stories by Julio Cortázar [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9057461 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuidad_de_los_parques Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jasper Fforde [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasper_Fforde Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen omnibus by Alan Moore [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11388754 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible space =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8288 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Counter-Clock World by Philip K. Dick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1309466 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Time's Arrow, or The Nature of the Offence by Martin Amis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11900 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Mustache by Emmanuel Carrère [[https://www.librarything.com/work/529866 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible texts =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Book of Sand,&amp;quot; The Book of Sand by Jorge Luis Borges [[http://www.librarything.com/work/467534 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Sand Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Thousand and One Nights [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Thousand_and_One_Nights Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Garden of Forking Paths,&amp;quot; Labyrinths; Selected stories &amp;amp; other writings by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/607 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_of_Forking_Paths Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental comics ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Early twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Little Nemo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wordless novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordless_novel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Vertigo by Lynd Ward [[https://www.librarything.com/work/334743 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo_(wordless_novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Frans Masereel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans_Masereel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Otto Nückel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_N%C3%BCckel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Giacomo Patri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Patri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Late twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mad (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Underground comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Robert Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zap Comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap_Comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Weirdo (comics) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weirdo_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art Spiegelman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Spiegelman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Breakdowns: Portrait of the Artist as a Young %@&amp;amp;amp;amp;*! by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5655445 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdowns_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Raw (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Here by Richard McGuire [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14952042 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary by Justin Green [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3275118 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binky_Brown_Meets_the_Holy_Virgin_Mary Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Aline Kominsky-Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aline_Kominsky-Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Twenty-first century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PictureBox [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PictureBox Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Shadow of No Towers by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7016 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Shadow_of_No_Towers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Ware [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ware Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jimmy Corrigan : the smartest kid on earth by Chris Ware [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7614 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Corrigan,_the_Smartest_Kid_on_Earth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Unmasked [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/11/02/unmasked-4 The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alison Bechdel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison_Bechdel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joe Sacco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Sacco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lynda Barry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynda_Barry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** What It Is by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4598224 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Picture This: The Near-sighted Monkey Book by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8906129 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jason Shiga [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Shiga Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 365 Days: A Diary by Julie Doucet by Julie Doucet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3471751 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Abstract comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Abstract Comics: The Anthology by Andrei Molotiu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8785206 LibraryThing]] [[http://abstractcomics.blogspot.com/ Abstract Comics: The Blog]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
* Storyspace [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storyspace Wikipedia]] [[http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/2/000128/000128.html Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace - Digital Humanities Quarterly]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/ell/2017/10/28/untangling-threads-in-the-maze/ Untangling Threads in the Labyrinth – Electronic Literature Lab]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Click by John Barth [[https://elmcip.net/node/1991 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Glass Snail: a Pre-Christmas Tale by Milorad Pavić [[https://elmcip.net/node/1080 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 10:01 by Lance Olsen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1139235 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/1356 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10:01 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* TOC: A New Media Novel by Steve Tomasula [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9462724 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/835 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The LiveJournal of Zachary Marsh by Matthew Baldwin [[https://elmcip.net/node/13635 ELMCIP]] [[https://themorningnews.org/article/the-livejournal-of-zachary-marsh full text - The Morning News]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Penguins [[https://elmcip.net/node/6215 ELMCIP]] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20090803141129/http://www.amillionpenguins.com/wiki/index.php/Welcome full text - PenguinWiki]] [[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228465833_A_million_penguins_research_report (PDF) A million penguins research report - ResearchGate]] [[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2007/mar/12/livingwithamillionpenguins Living with A Million Penguins: inside the wiki-novel - The Guardian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blue Company by Rob Wittig [[https://elmcip.net/node/368 ELMCIP]] [[http://robwit.net/?project=blue-company robwit.net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Deena Larsen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deena_Larsen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 1.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/3231 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 3.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/4417 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Disappearing Rain by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/759 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Judy Malloy [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Malloy Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse by John McDaid [[https://elmcip.net/node/519 ELMCIP]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/pathfinders/authors-works/john-mcdaid-uncle-buddys-phantom-funhouse/ Pathfinders]] [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/mcdaids-traversal John McDaid's Traversal - Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael Joyce (writer) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joyce_(writer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/236 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afternoon,_a_story Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Twelve Blue by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/237 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* I Have Said Nothing by J. Yellowlees Douglas [[https://elmcip.net/node/2063 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_Said_Nothing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* We Descend by Bill Bly [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/bill-bly Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Edgerus Scriptor, Volume One [[https://elmcip.net/node/1101 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Egderus Scriptor, Volume Two [[https://elmcip.net/node/4269 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/239 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchwork_Girl_(hypertext) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Califia by M. D. Coverley [[https://elmcip.net/node/723 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop [[https://elmcip.net/node/352 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Garden_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, Dirk Stratton, and Frank Marquardt [[https://elmcip.net/node/662 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* GRAMMATRON by Mark Amerika [[https://elmcip.net/node/581 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 253 by Geoff Ryman [[https://elmcip.net/node/7513 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/253_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Jew's Daughter by Judd Morrissey [[https://elmcip.net/node/78 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erik Loyer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Loyer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Chroma by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/1289 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lair of the Marrow Monkey by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/5067 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shelley Jackson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Jackson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/793 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* About Time by Rob Swigart [[https://elmcip.net/node/4112 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam by Andy Campbell and Martyn Bedford [[https://elmcip.net/node/1600 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virtual_Disappearance_of_Miriam Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Varicella by Adam Cadre [[https://elmcip.net/node/7775 ELMCIP]] [[http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Varicella IFWiki]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_(video_game) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Nestvold [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Nestvold Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joe's Heartbeat in Budapest by Ruth Nestvold [[http://www.lit-arts.net/JHIB/begin.htm full text - Lit-Arts.Net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2002: A Palindrome Story in 2002 Words by Nick Montfort and William Gillespie [[https://elmcip.net/node/7962 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Comic-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Autobiographical comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobiographical_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* How to Understand Israel in 60 Days or Less by Sarah Glidden [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8372743 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DAR: A Super Girly Top Secret Comic Diary by Erika Moen [[https://www.librarything.com/series/DAR LibraryThing]] [[https://www.darcomic.com/ DAR]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Webcomics Nation Autobiographical/Slice-of-Life Directory [[https://web.archive.org/web/20150511003243/http://www.webcomicsnation.com/genre.php?genre=4 Webcomics Nation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Museum of Mistakes: The Fart Party Collection by Julia Wertz [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15401747 LibraryThing]] [[http://www.juliawertz.com/ Museum of Mistakes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/jackson__my_body_a_wunderkammer.html full text - Electronic Literature Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Web-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* My War: Killing Time in Iraq by Colby Buzzell [[https://www.librarything.com/work/220797 LibraryThing]] [[http://cbftw.blogspot.com/ cbftw]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vlog [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlog Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Life writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Association pour l'Autobiographie et le Patrimoine Autobiographique [[http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1739/3239 The Story of a French Life-Writing Archive - Forum: Qualitative Social Research]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oral history [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_history Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mass-Observation [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-Observation Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** American Social History Project [[https://ashp.cuny.edu/ Center for Media and Learning]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DissemiNET [[https://web.archive.org/web/20010405012224/http://www.dissemi.net:80/ dissemi.net]] [[https://walkerart.org/collections/artists/stryker-beth-900809 Interview with Sawad Brooks + Beth Stryker - Walker Art Center]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Recollecting Adams [[https://mariannerpetit.com/web-video-animations/2008-09-recollecting-adams/ full video - Marianne R. Petit]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Avatar-based autobiography =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cell phone novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_phone_novel Wikipedia]] [[http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/005332.html A million cellphone novels - Language Log]]&lt;br /&gt;
* MMORPG [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_role-playing_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virtual world [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_world Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Second Life [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=437</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=437"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T08:25:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Renamed &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Language art&amp;quot; and added links to the section.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
* Conceptual art [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_art Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Performance art [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_art Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Edward Ruscha [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Ruscha Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Standard Stations by Edward Ruscha [[https://www.archeus.com/artists/piece/ruscha-i-standard-station-ii-mocha-standard-iii-cheese-mold-standard-with-o Archeus]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Actual Size by Edward Ruscha [[https://www.wikiart.org/en/edward-ruscha/actual-size-1962 WikiArt]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mel Bochner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Bochner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean-Michel Basquiat [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Edward Kienholz [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Kienholz Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dan Graham [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Graham Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Morris (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Morris_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* On Kawara [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Kawara Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bruce Nauman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Nauman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Burden [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Burden Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vito Acconci [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vito_Acconci Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* George Brecht [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Brecht Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* John Cage [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cage Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Marcel Broodthaers [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Broodthaers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Barbara Kruger [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Kruger Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Art &amp;amp; Language [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_%26_Language Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Terry Atkinson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Atkinson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Michael Baldwin [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-16838 Tate]] [[https://www.moma.org/artists/21325 MoMA]]&lt;br /&gt;
** David Bainbridge [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-17138 Tate]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Harold Hurrell [[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/art-language-16245 Tate]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Charles Townsend Harrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townsend_Harrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joseph Kosuth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kosuth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** One and Three Chairs by Joseph Kosuth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_and_Three_Chairs Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Texts (Waiting for-) for Nothing by Joseph Kosuth [[https://www.skny.com/exhibitions/joseph-kosuth3 Sean Kelly Gallery]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art and &amp;amp; language, hostages XXV - LXXVI by Christian Schlatter David Batchelor [[https://www.librarything.com/work/22244074 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources?isbn=9780947830243 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Daniel Buren [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Buren Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joseph Beuys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare by Joseph Beuys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Explain_Pictures_to_a_Dead_Hare Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even by Marcel Duchamp [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bride_Stripped_Bare_by_Her_Bachelors,_Even Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Laurie Anderson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurie_Anderson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jonathan Borofsky [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Borofsky Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ann Hamilton (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Hamilton_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Tropos by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/objects/tropos_books.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lineament by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/objects/lineament_bookball.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mercy by Ann Hamilton [[https://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/projects/mercy.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
** VERSE by Ann Hamilton [[http://www.annhamiltonstudio.com/public/verse.html Ann Hamilton Studio]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lawrence Weiner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Weiner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Douglas Huebler [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Huebler Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Barry (artist) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Barry_(artist) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Smithson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Smithson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_Jetty Wikipedia]] [[https://www.wikiart.org/en/robert-smithson/spiral-jetty-1970 WikiArt]]&lt;br /&gt;
** A Heap of Language by Robert Smithson [[https://www.moma.org/collection/works/149054 MoMA]] [[https://www.robertsmithson.com/essays/heap.htm Robert Smithson]]&lt;br /&gt;
** &amp;quot;Strata, a Geophotographic Fiction,&amp;quot; Robert Smithson: The Collected Writings by Robert Smithson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/61528 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** &amp;quot;A Sedimentation of the Mind: Earth Proposals,&amp;quot; Robert Smithson: The Collected Writings by Robert Smithson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/61528 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jenny Holzer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenny_Holzer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Truisms by Jenny Holzer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truisms_(Jenny_Holzer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Laments by Jenny Holzer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3339875 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.diaart.org/program/exhibitions-projects/jenny-holzer-laments-exhibition Dia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Lustmord by Jenny Holzer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3338682 LibraryThing]] [[https://wellcomecollection.org/articles/WqfvayUAAKsrVreh Wellcome Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Under a Rock: Crack the Pelvis by Jenny Holzer [[http://www.colby.edu/museum/?s=under%20a%20rock&amp;amp;obj=Obj220?sid=1079&amp;amp;x=24931 Colby College Museum of Art]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer: Truth Before Power by Henri Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3338740 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jenny Holzer Projections [[http://www.jennyholzer.com/Projections/list.php Jenny Holzer]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/light-as-touch-jenny-holzers-nighttime-poetry-projections The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Elizabeth Bishop granite benches by Jenny Holzer [[http://info.vassar.edu/news/2005-2006/060505-jenny-holzers.html Vassar College]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Contradictions =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6923 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Babysitter,&amp;quot; Pricksongs &amp;amp; Descants: Fictions by Robert Coover [[https://www.librarything.com/work/271307 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Libera Me Domine by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/478922 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Here We Aren’t, So Quickly&amp;quot; by Jonathan Safran Foer, 20 Under 40: Stories from The New Yorker by Deborah Treisman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10491291 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/06/14/here-we-arent-so-quickly full text - The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Country Doctor,&amp;quot; A Country Doctor: Short Stories by Franz Kafka [[https://www.librarything.com/work/195671 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Country_Doctor_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Ontological impossibility =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pleasantville [1998 film] by Gary Ross [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3510622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Continuity of Parks,&amp;quot; Blow-up and Other Stories by Julio Cortázar [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9057461 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuidad_de_los_parques Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jasper Fforde [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasper_Fforde Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen omnibus by Alan Moore [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11388754 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible space =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8288 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Counter-Clock World by Philip K. Dick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1309466 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Time's Arrow, or The Nature of the Offence by Martin Amis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11900 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Mustache by Emmanuel Carrère [[https://www.librarything.com/work/529866 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible texts =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Book of Sand,&amp;quot; The Book of Sand by Jorge Luis Borges [[http://www.librarything.com/work/467534 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Sand Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Thousand and One Nights [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Thousand_and_One_Nights Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Garden of Forking Paths,&amp;quot; Labyrinths; Selected stories &amp;amp; other writings by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/607 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_of_Forking_Paths Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Early twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Little Nemo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wordless novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordless_novel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Vertigo by Lynd Ward [[https://www.librarything.com/work/334743 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo_(wordless_novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Frans Masereel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans_Masereel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Otto Nückel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_N%C3%BCckel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Giacomo Patri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Patri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Late twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mad (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Underground comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Robert Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zap Comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap_Comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Weirdo (comics) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weirdo_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art Spiegelman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Spiegelman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Breakdowns: Portrait of the Artist as a Young %@&amp;amp;amp;amp;*! by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5655445 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdowns_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Raw (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Here by Richard McGuire [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14952042 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary by Justin Green [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3275118 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binky_Brown_Meets_the_Holy_Virgin_Mary Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Aline Kominsky-Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aline_Kominsky-Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Twenty-first century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PictureBox [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PictureBox Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Shadow of No Towers by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7016 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Shadow_of_No_Towers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Ware [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ware Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jimmy Corrigan : the smartest kid on earth by Chris Ware [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7614 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Corrigan,_the_Smartest_Kid_on_Earth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Unmasked [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/11/02/unmasked-4 The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alison Bechdel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison_Bechdel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joe Sacco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Sacco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lynda Barry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynda_Barry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** What It Is by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4598224 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Picture This: The Near-sighted Monkey Book by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8906129 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jason Shiga [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Shiga Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 365 Days: A Diary by Julie Doucet by Julie Doucet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3471751 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Abstract comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Abstract Comics: The Anthology by Andrei Molotiu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8785206 LibraryThing]] [[http://abstractcomics.blogspot.com/ Abstract Comics: The Blog]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
* Storyspace [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storyspace Wikipedia]] [[http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/2/000128/000128.html Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace - Digital Humanities Quarterly]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/ell/2017/10/28/untangling-threads-in-the-maze/ Untangling Threads in the Labyrinth – Electronic Literature Lab]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Click by John Barth [[https://elmcip.net/node/1991 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Glass Snail: a Pre-Christmas Tale by Milorad Pavić [[https://elmcip.net/node/1080 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 10:01 by Lance Olsen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1139235 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/1356 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10:01 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* TOC: A New Media Novel by Steve Tomasula [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9462724 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/835 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The LiveJournal of Zachary Marsh by Matthew Baldwin [[https://elmcip.net/node/13635 ELMCIP]] [[https://themorningnews.org/article/the-livejournal-of-zachary-marsh full text - The Morning News]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Penguins [[https://elmcip.net/node/6215 ELMCIP]] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20090803141129/http://www.amillionpenguins.com/wiki/index.php/Welcome full text - PenguinWiki]] [[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228465833_A_million_penguins_research_report (PDF) A million penguins research report - ResearchGate]] [[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2007/mar/12/livingwithamillionpenguins Living with A Million Penguins: inside the wiki-novel - The Guardian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blue Company by Rob Wittig [[https://elmcip.net/node/368 ELMCIP]] [[http://robwit.net/?project=blue-company robwit.net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Deena Larsen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deena_Larsen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 1.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/3231 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 3.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/4417 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Disappearing Rain by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/759 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Judy Malloy [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Malloy Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse by John McDaid [[https://elmcip.net/node/519 ELMCIP]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/pathfinders/authors-works/john-mcdaid-uncle-buddys-phantom-funhouse/ Pathfinders]] [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/mcdaids-traversal John McDaid's Traversal - Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael Joyce (writer) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joyce_(writer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/236 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afternoon,_a_story Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Twelve Blue by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/237 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* I Have Said Nothing by J. Yellowlees Douglas [[https://elmcip.net/node/2063 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_Said_Nothing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* We Descend by Bill Bly [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/bill-bly Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Edgerus Scriptor, Volume One [[https://elmcip.net/node/1101 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Egderus Scriptor, Volume Two [[https://elmcip.net/node/4269 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/239 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchwork_Girl_(hypertext) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Califia by M. D. Coverley [[https://elmcip.net/node/723 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop [[https://elmcip.net/node/352 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Garden_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, Dirk Stratton, and Frank Marquardt [[https://elmcip.net/node/662 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* GRAMMATRON by Mark Amerika [[https://elmcip.net/node/581 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 253 by Geoff Ryman [[https://elmcip.net/node/7513 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/253_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Jew's Daughter by Judd Morrissey [[https://elmcip.net/node/78 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erik Loyer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Loyer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Chroma by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/1289 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lair of the Marrow Monkey by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/5067 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shelley Jackson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Jackson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/793 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* About Time by Rob Swigart [[https://elmcip.net/node/4112 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam by Andy Campbell and Martyn Bedford [[https://elmcip.net/node/1600 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virtual_Disappearance_of_Miriam Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Varicella by Adam Cadre [[https://elmcip.net/node/7775 ELMCIP]] [[http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Varicella IFWiki]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_(video_game) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Nestvold [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Nestvold Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joe's Heartbeat in Budapest by Ruth Nestvold [[http://www.lit-arts.net/JHIB/begin.htm full text - Lit-Arts.Net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2002: A Palindrome Story in 2002 Words by Nick Montfort and William Gillespie [[https://elmcip.net/node/7962 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Autographic life writing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Autobiographical comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobiographical_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* How to Understand Israel in 60 Days or Less by Sarah Glidden [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8372743 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DAR: A Super Girly Top Secret Comic Diary by Erika Moen [[https://www.librarything.com/series/DAR LibraryThing]] [[https://www.darcomic.com/ DAR]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Webcomics Nation Autobiographical/Slice-of-Life Directory [[https://web.archive.org/web/20150511003243/http://www.webcomicsnation.com/genre.php?genre=4 Webcomics Nation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Museum of Mistakes: The Fart Party Collection by Julia Wertz [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15401747 LibraryThing]] [[http://www.juliawertz.com/ Museum of Mistakes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/jackson__my_body_a_wunderkammer.html full text - Electronic Literature Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Interface life writing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* My War: Killing Time in Iraq by Colby Buzzell [[https://www.librarything.com/work/220797 LibraryThing]] [[http://cbftw.blogspot.com/ cbftw]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vlog [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlog Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Life writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Association pour l'Autobiographie et le Patrimoine Autobiographique [[http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1739/3239 The Story of a French Life-Writing Archive - Forum: Qualitative Social Research]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oral history [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_history Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mass-Observation [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-Observation Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** American Social History Project [[https://ashp.cuny.edu/ Center for Media and Learning]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DissemiNET [[https://web.archive.org/web/20010405012224/http://www.dissemi.net:80/ dissemi.net]] [[https://walkerart.org/collections/artists/stryker-beth-900809 Interview with Sawad Brooks + Beth Stryker - Walker Art Center]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Recollecting Adams [[https://mariannerpetit.com/web-video-animations/2008-09-recollecting-adams/ full video - Marianne R. Petit]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Avatar autonarration =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cell phone novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_phone_novel Wikipedia]] [[http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/005332.html A million cellphone novels - Language Log]]&lt;br /&gt;
* MMORPG [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_role-playing_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virtual world [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_world Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Second Life [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=436</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=436"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T07:15:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added links to &amp;quot;Impossible worlds.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Contradictions =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6923 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Babysitter,&amp;quot; Pricksongs &amp;amp; Descants: Fictions by Robert Coover [[https://www.librarything.com/work/271307 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Libera Me Domine by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/478922 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Here We Aren’t, So Quickly&amp;quot; by Jonathan Safran Foer, 20 Under 40: Stories from The New Yorker by Deborah Treisman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10491291 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/06/14/here-we-arent-so-quickly full text - The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Country Doctor,&amp;quot; A Country Doctor: Short Stories by Franz Kafka [[https://www.librarything.com/work/195671 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Country_Doctor_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Ontological impossibility =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pleasantville [1998 film] by Gary Ross [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3510622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Continuity of Parks,&amp;quot; Blow-up and Other Stories by Julio Cortázar [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9057461 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuidad_de_los_parques Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jasper Fforde [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasper_Fforde Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen omnibus by Alan Moore [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11388754 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible space =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8288 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Counter-Clock World by Philip K. Dick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1309466 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Time's Arrow, or The Nature of the Offence by Martin Amis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11900 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Mustache by Emmanuel Carrère [[https://www.librarything.com/work/529866 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossible texts =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Book of Sand,&amp;quot; The Book of Sand by Jorge Luis Borges [[http://www.librarything.com/work/467534 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Sand Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Thousand and One Nights [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Thousand_and_One_Nights Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Garden of Forking Paths,&amp;quot; Labyrinths; Selected stories &amp;amp; other writings by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/607 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_of_Forking_Paths Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Early twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Little Nemo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wordless novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordless_novel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Vertigo by Lynd Ward [[https://www.librarything.com/work/334743 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo_(wordless_novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Frans Masereel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans_Masereel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Otto Nückel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_N%C3%BCckel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Giacomo Patri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Patri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Late twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mad (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Underground comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Robert Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zap Comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap_Comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Weirdo (comics) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weirdo_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art Spiegelman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Spiegelman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Breakdowns: Portrait of the Artist as a Young %@&amp;amp;amp;amp;*! by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5655445 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdowns_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Raw (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Here by Richard McGuire [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14952042 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary by Justin Green [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3275118 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binky_Brown_Meets_the_Holy_Virgin_Mary Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Aline Kominsky-Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aline_Kominsky-Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Twenty-first century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PictureBox [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PictureBox Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Shadow of No Towers by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7016 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Shadow_of_No_Towers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Ware [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ware Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jimmy Corrigan : the smartest kid on earth by Chris Ware [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7614 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Corrigan,_the_Smartest_Kid_on_Earth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Unmasked [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/11/02/unmasked-4 The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alison Bechdel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison_Bechdel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joe Sacco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Sacco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lynda Barry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynda_Barry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** What It Is by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4598224 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Picture This: The Near-sighted Monkey Book by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8906129 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jason Shiga [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Shiga Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 365 Days: A Diary by Julie Doucet by Julie Doucet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3471751 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Abstract comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Abstract Comics: The Anthology by Andrei Molotiu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8785206 LibraryThing]] [[http://abstractcomics.blogspot.com/ Abstract Comics: The Blog]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
* Storyspace [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storyspace Wikipedia]] [[http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/2/000128/000128.html Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace - Digital Humanities Quarterly]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/ell/2017/10/28/untangling-threads-in-the-maze/ Untangling Threads in the Labyrinth – Electronic Literature Lab]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Click by John Barth [[https://elmcip.net/node/1991 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Glass Snail: a Pre-Christmas Tale by Milorad Pavić [[https://elmcip.net/node/1080 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 10:01 by Lance Olsen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1139235 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/1356 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10:01 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* TOC: A New Media Novel by Steve Tomasula [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9462724 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/835 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The LiveJournal of Zachary Marsh by Matthew Baldwin [[https://elmcip.net/node/13635 ELMCIP]] [[https://themorningnews.org/article/the-livejournal-of-zachary-marsh full text - The Morning News]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Penguins [[https://elmcip.net/node/6215 ELMCIP]] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20090803141129/http://www.amillionpenguins.com/wiki/index.php/Welcome full text - PenguinWiki]] [[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228465833_A_million_penguins_research_report (PDF) A million penguins research report - ResearchGate]] [[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2007/mar/12/livingwithamillionpenguins Living with A Million Penguins: inside the wiki-novel - The Guardian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blue Company by Rob Wittig [[https://elmcip.net/node/368 ELMCIP]] [[http://robwit.net/?project=blue-company robwit.net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Deena Larsen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deena_Larsen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 1.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/3231 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 3.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/4417 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Disappearing Rain by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/759 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Judy Malloy [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Malloy Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse by John McDaid [[https://elmcip.net/node/519 ELMCIP]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/pathfinders/authors-works/john-mcdaid-uncle-buddys-phantom-funhouse/ Pathfinders]] [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/mcdaids-traversal John McDaid's Traversal - Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael Joyce (writer) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joyce_(writer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/236 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afternoon,_a_story Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Twelve Blue by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/237 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* I Have Said Nothing by J. Yellowlees Douglas [[https://elmcip.net/node/2063 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_Said_Nothing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* We Descend by Bill Bly [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/bill-bly Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Edgerus Scriptor, Volume One [[https://elmcip.net/node/1101 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Egderus Scriptor, Volume Two [[https://elmcip.net/node/4269 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/239 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchwork_Girl_(hypertext) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Califia by M. D. Coverley [[https://elmcip.net/node/723 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop [[https://elmcip.net/node/352 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Garden_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, Dirk Stratton, and Frank Marquardt [[https://elmcip.net/node/662 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* GRAMMATRON by Mark Amerika [[https://elmcip.net/node/581 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 253 by Geoff Ryman [[https://elmcip.net/node/7513 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/253_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Jew's Daughter by Judd Morrissey [[https://elmcip.net/node/78 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erik Loyer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Loyer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Chroma by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/1289 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lair of the Marrow Monkey by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/5067 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shelley Jackson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Jackson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/793 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* About Time by Rob Swigart [[https://elmcip.net/node/4112 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam by Andy Campbell and Martyn Bedford [[https://elmcip.net/node/1600 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virtual_Disappearance_of_Miriam Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Varicella by Adam Cadre [[https://elmcip.net/node/7775 ELMCIP]] [[http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Varicella IFWiki]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_(video_game) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Nestvold [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Nestvold Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joe's Heartbeat in Budapest by Ruth Nestvold [[http://www.lit-arts.net/JHIB/begin.htm full text - Lit-Arts.Net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2002: A Palindrome Story in 2002 Words by Nick Montfort and William Gillespie [[https://elmcip.net/node/7962 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Autographic life writing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Autobiographical comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobiographical_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* How to Understand Israel in 60 Days or Less by Sarah Glidden [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8372743 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DAR: A Super Girly Top Secret Comic Diary by Erika Moen [[https://www.librarything.com/series/DAR LibraryThing]] [[https://www.darcomic.com/ DAR]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Webcomics Nation Autobiographical/Slice-of-Life Directory [[https://web.archive.org/web/20150511003243/http://www.webcomicsnation.com/genre.php?genre=4 Webcomics Nation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Museum of Mistakes: The Fart Party Collection by Julia Wertz [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15401747 LibraryThing]] [[http://www.juliawertz.com/ Museum of Mistakes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/jackson__my_body_a_wunderkammer.html full text - Electronic Literature Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Interface life writing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* My War: Killing Time in Iraq by Colby Buzzell [[https://www.librarything.com/work/220797 LibraryThing]] [[http://cbftw.blogspot.com/ cbftw]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vlog [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlog Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Life writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Association pour l'Autobiographie et le Patrimoine Autobiographique [[http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1739/3239 The Story of a French Life-Writing Archive - Forum: Qualitative Social Research]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oral history [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_history Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mass-Observation [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-Observation Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** American Social History Project [[https://ashp.cuny.edu/ Center for Media and Learning]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DissemiNET [[https://web.archive.org/web/20010405012224/http://www.dissemi.net:80/ dissemi.net]] [[https://walkerart.org/collections/artists/stryker-beth-900809 Interview with Sawad Brooks + Beth Stryker - Walker Art Center]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Recollecting Adams [[https://mariannerpetit.com/web-video-animations/2008-09-recollecting-adams/ full video - Marianne R. Petit]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Avatar autonarration =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cell phone novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_phone_novel Wikipedia]] [[http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/005332.html A million cellphone novels - Language Log]]&lt;br /&gt;
* MMORPG [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_role-playing_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virtual world [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_world Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Second Life [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=435</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=435"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T06:01:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added links to &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Early twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Little Nemo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wordless novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordless_novel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Vertigo by Lynd Ward [[https://www.librarything.com/work/334743 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo_(wordless_novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Frans Masereel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans_Masereel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Otto Nückel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_N%C3%BCckel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Giacomo Patri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Patri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Late twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mad (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Underground comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Robert Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zap Comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap_Comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Weirdo (comics) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weirdo_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art Spiegelman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Spiegelman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Breakdowns: Portrait of the Artist as a Young %@&amp;amp;amp;amp;*! by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5655445 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdowns_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Raw (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Here by Richard McGuire [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14952042 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary by Justin Green [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3275118 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binky_Brown_Meets_the_Holy_Virgin_Mary Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Aline Kominsky-Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aline_Kominsky-Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Twenty-first century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PictureBox [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PictureBox Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Shadow of No Towers by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7016 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Shadow_of_No_Towers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Ware [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ware Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jimmy Corrigan : the smartest kid on earth by Chris Ware [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7614 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Corrigan,_the_Smartest_Kid_on_Earth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Unmasked [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/11/02/unmasked-4 The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alison Bechdel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison_Bechdel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joe Sacco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Sacco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lynda Barry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynda_Barry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** What It Is by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4598224 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Picture This: The Near-sighted Monkey Book by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8906129 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jason Shiga [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Shiga Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 365 Days: A Diary by Julie Doucet by Julie Doucet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3471751 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Abstract comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Abstract Comics: The Anthology by Andrei Molotiu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8785206 LibraryThing]] [[http://abstractcomics.blogspot.com/ Abstract Comics: The Blog]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
* Storyspace [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storyspace Wikipedia]] [[http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/2/000128/000128.html Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace - Digital Humanities Quarterly]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/ell/2017/10/28/untangling-threads-in-the-maze/ Untangling Threads in the Labyrinth – Electronic Literature Lab]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Click by John Barth [[https://elmcip.net/node/1991 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Glass Snail: a Pre-Christmas Tale by Milorad Pavić [[https://elmcip.net/node/1080 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 10:01 by Lance Olsen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1139235 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/1356 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10:01 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* TOC: A New Media Novel by Steve Tomasula [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9462724 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/835 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The LiveJournal of Zachary Marsh by Matthew Baldwin [[https://elmcip.net/node/13635 ELMCIP]] [[https://themorningnews.org/article/the-livejournal-of-zachary-marsh full text - The Morning News]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Penguins [[https://elmcip.net/node/6215 ELMCIP]] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20090803141129/http://www.amillionpenguins.com/wiki/index.php/Welcome full text - PenguinWiki]] [[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228465833_A_million_penguins_research_report (PDF) A million penguins research report - ResearchGate]] [[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2007/mar/12/livingwithamillionpenguins Living with A Million Penguins: inside the wiki-novel - The Guardian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blue Company by Rob Wittig [[https://elmcip.net/node/368 ELMCIP]] [[http://robwit.net/?project=blue-company robwit.net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Deena Larsen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deena_Larsen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 1.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/3231 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 3.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/4417 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Disappearing Rain by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/759 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Judy Malloy [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Malloy Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse by John McDaid [[https://elmcip.net/node/519 ELMCIP]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/pathfinders/authors-works/john-mcdaid-uncle-buddys-phantom-funhouse/ Pathfinders]] [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/mcdaids-traversal John McDaid's Traversal - Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael Joyce (writer) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joyce_(writer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/236 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afternoon,_a_story Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Twelve Blue by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/237 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* I Have Said Nothing by J. Yellowlees Douglas [[https://elmcip.net/node/2063 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_Said_Nothing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* We Descend by Bill Bly [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/bill-bly Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Edgerus Scriptor, Volume One [[https://elmcip.net/node/1101 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Egderus Scriptor, Volume Two [[https://elmcip.net/node/4269 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/239 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchwork_Girl_(hypertext) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Califia by M. D. Coverley [[https://elmcip.net/node/723 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop [[https://elmcip.net/node/352 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Garden_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, Dirk Stratton, and Frank Marquardt [[https://elmcip.net/node/662 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* GRAMMATRON by Mark Amerika [[https://elmcip.net/node/581 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 253 by Geoff Ryman [[https://elmcip.net/node/7513 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/253_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Jew's Daughter by Judd Morrissey [[https://elmcip.net/node/78 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erik Loyer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Loyer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Chroma by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/1289 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lair of the Marrow Monkey by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/5067 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shelley Jackson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Jackson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/793 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* About Time by Rob Swigart [[https://elmcip.net/node/4112 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam by Andy Campbell and Martyn Bedford [[https://elmcip.net/node/1600 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virtual_Disappearance_of_Miriam Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Varicella by Adam Cadre [[https://elmcip.net/node/7775 ELMCIP]] [[http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Varicella IFWiki]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_(video_game) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Nestvold [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Nestvold Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joe's Heartbeat in Budapest by Ruth Nestvold [[http://www.lit-arts.net/JHIB/begin.htm full text - Lit-Arts.Net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2002: A Palindrome Story in 2002 Words by Nick Montfort and William Gillespie [[https://elmcip.net/node/7962 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Autographic life writing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Autobiographical comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobiographical_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* How to Understand Israel in 60 Days or Less by Sarah Glidden [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8372743 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DAR: A Super Girly Top Secret Comic Diary by Erika Moen [[https://www.librarything.com/series/DAR LibraryThing]] [[https://www.darcomic.com/ DAR]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Webcomics Nation Autobiographical/Slice-of-Life Directory [[https://web.archive.org/web/20150511003243/http://www.webcomicsnation.com/genre.php?genre=4 Webcomics Nation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Museum of Mistakes: The Fart Party Collection by Julia Wertz [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15401747 LibraryThing]] [[http://www.juliawertz.com/ Museum of Mistakes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/jackson__my_body_a_wunderkammer.html full text - Electronic Literature Collection]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Interface life writing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* My War: Killing Time in Iraq by Colby Buzzell [[https://www.librarything.com/work/220797 LibraryThing]] [[http://cbftw.blogspot.com/ cbftw]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vlog [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlog Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Life writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Association pour l'Autobiographie et le Patrimoine Autobiographique [[http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1739/3239 The Story of a French Life-Writing Archive - Forum: Qualitative Social Research]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oral history [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_history Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Mass-Observation [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-Observation Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** American Social History Project [[https://ashp.cuny.edu/ Center for Media and Learning]]&lt;br /&gt;
* DissemiNET [[https://web.archive.org/web/20010405012224/http://www.dissemi.net:80/ dissemi.net]] [[https://walkerart.org/collections/artists/stryker-beth-900809 Interview with Sawad Brooks + Beth Stryker - Walker Art Center]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Recollecting Adams [[https://mariannerpetit.com/web-video-animations/2008-09-recollecting-adams/ full video - Marianne R. Petit]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Avatar autonarration =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cell phone novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_phone_novel Wikipedia]] [[http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/005332.html A million cellphone novels - Language Log]]&lt;br /&gt;
* MMORPG [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_role-playing_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virtual world [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_world Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Second Life [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=434</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=434"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T04:58:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added links to &amp;quot;Graphic Narrative.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Early twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Little Nemo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Nemo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wordless novel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordless_novel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Vertigo by Lynd Ward [[https://www.librarything.com/work/334743 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo_(wordless_novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Frans Masereel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans_Masereel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Otto Nückel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_N%C3%BCckel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Giacomo Patri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Patri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Late twentieth century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mad (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Underground comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Robert Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Zap Comix [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap_Comix Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Weirdo (comics) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weirdo_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Art Spiegelman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Spiegelman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Breakdowns: Portrait of the Artist as a Young %@&amp;amp;amp;amp;*! by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5655445 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdowns_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
*** Raw (magazine) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_(magazine) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Here by Richard McGuire [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14952042 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_(comics) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary by Justin Green [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3275118 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binky_Brown_Meets_the_Holy_Virgin_Mary Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Aline Kominsky-Crumb [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aline_Kominsky-Crumb Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Twenty-first century =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* PictureBox [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PictureBox Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Shadow of No Towers by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7016 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Shadow_of_No_Towers Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Chris Ware [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Ware Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Jimmy Corrigan : the smartest kid on earth by Chris Ware [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7614 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Corrigan,_the_Smartest_Kid_on_Earth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Unmasked [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/11/02/unmasked-4 The New Yorker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Alison Bechdel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison_Bechdel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joe Sacco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Sacco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lynda Barry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynda_Barry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** What It Is by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4598224 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Picture This: The Near-sighted Monkey Book by Lynda Barry [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8906129 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jason Shiga [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Shiga Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 365 Days: A Diary by Julie Doucet by Julie Doucet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3471751 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Abstract comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Abstract Comics: The Anthology by Andrei Molotiu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8785206 LibraryThing]] [[http://abstractcomics.blogspot.com/ Abstract Comics: The Blog]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
* Storyspace [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storyspace Wikipedia]] [[http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/2/000128/000128.html Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace - Digital Humanities Quarterly]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/ell/2017/10/28/untangling-threads-in-the-maze/ Untangling Threads in the Labyrinth – Electronic Literature Lab]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Click by John Barth [[https://elmcip.net/node/1991 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Glass Snail: a Pre-Christmas Tale by Milorad Pavić [[https://elmcip.net/node/1080 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 10:01 by Lance Olsen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1139235 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/1356 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10:01 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* TOC: A New Media Novel by Steve Tomasula [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9462724 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/835 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The LiveJournal of Zachary Marsh by Matthew Baldwin [[https://elmcip.net/node/13635 ELMCIP]] [[https://themorningnews.org/article/the-livejournal-of-zachary-marsh full text - The Morning News]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Penguins [[https://elmcip.net/node/6215 ELMCIP]] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20090803141129/http://www.amillionpenguins.com/wiki/index.php/Welcome full text - PenguinWiki]] [[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228465833_A_million_penguins_research_report (PDF) A million penguins research report - ResearchGate]] [[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2007/mar/12/livingwithamillionpenguins Living with A Million Penguins: inside the wiki-novel - The Guardian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blue Company by Rob Wittig [[https://elmcip.net/node/368 ELMCIP]] [[http://robwit.net/?project=blue-company robwit.net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Deena Larsen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deena_Larsen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 1.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/3231 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 3.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/4417 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Disappearing Rain by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/759 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Judy Malloy [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Malloy Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse by John McDaid [[https://elmcip.net/node/519 ELMCIP]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/pathfinders/authors-works/john-mcdaid-uncle-buddys-phantom-funhouse/ Pathfinders]] [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/mcdaids-traversal John McDaid's Traversal - Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael Joyce (writer) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joyce_(writer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/236 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afternoon,_a_story Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Twelve Blue by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/237 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* I Have Said Nothing by J. Yellowlees Douglas [[https://elmcip.net/node/2063 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_Said_Nothing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* We Descend by Bill Bly [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/bill-bly Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Edgerus Scriptor, Volume One [[https://elmcip.net/node/1101 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Egderus Scriptor, Volume Two [[https://elmcip.net/node/4269 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/239 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchwork_Girl_(hypertext) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Califia by M. D. Coverley [[https://elmcip.net/node/723 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop [[https://elmcip.net/node/352 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Garden_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, Dirk Stratton, and Frank Marquardt [[https://elmcip.net/node/662 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* GRAMMATRON by Mark Amerika [[https://elmcip.net/node/581 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 253 by Geoff Ryman [[https://elmcip.net/node/7513 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/253_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Jew's Daughter by Judd Morrissey [[https://elmcip.net/node/78 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erik Loyer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Loyer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Chroma by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/1289 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lair of the Marrow Monkey by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/5067 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shelley Jackson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Jackson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/793 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* About Time by Rob Swigart [[https://elmcip.net/node/4112 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam by Andy Campbell and Martyn Bedford [[https://elmcip.net/node/1600 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virtual_Disappearance_of_Miriam Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Varicella by Adam Cadre [[https://elmcip.net/node/7775 ELMCIP]] [[http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Varicella IFWiki]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_(video_game) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Nestvold [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Nestvold Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joe's Heartbeat in Budapest by Ruth Nestvold [[http://www.lit-arts.net/JHIB/begin.htm full text - Lit-Arts.Net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2002: A Palindrome Story in 2002 Words by Nick Montfort and William Gillespie [[https://elmcip.net/node/7962 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=433</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=433"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T01:48:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added links to &amp;quot;Digital fiction.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
* Storyspace [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storyspace Wikipedia]] [[http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/2/000128/000128.html Machine Enhanced (Re)minding: the Development of Storyspace - Digital Humanities Quarterly]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/ell/2017/10/28/untangling-threads-in-the-maze/ Untangling Threads in the Labyrinth – Electronic Literature Lab]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Click by John Barth [[https://elmcip.net/node/1991 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Glass Snail: a Pre-Christmas Tale by Milorad Pavić [[https://elmcip.net/node/1080 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 10:01 by Lance Olsen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1139235 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/1356 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10:01 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* TOC: A New Media Novel by Steve Tomasula [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9462724 LibraryThing]] [[https://elmcip.net/node/835 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The LiveJournal of Zachary Marsh by Matthew Baldwin [[https://elmcip.net/node/13635 ELMCIP]] [[https://themorningnews.org/article/the-livejournal-of-zachary-marsh full text - The Morning News]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Penguins [[https://elmcip.net/node/6215 ELMCIP]] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20090803141129/http://www.amillionpenguins.com/wiki/index.php/Welcome full text - PenguinWiki]] [[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228465833_A_million_penguins_research_report (PDF) A million penguins research report - ResearchGate]] [[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2007/mar/12/livingwithamillionpenguins Living with A Million Penguins: inside the wiki-novel - The Guardian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blue Company by Rob Wittig [[https://elmcip.net/node/368 ELMCIP]] [[http://robwit.net/?project=blue-company robwit.net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Deena Larsen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deena_Larsen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 1.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/3231 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Marble Springs 3.0 by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/4417 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Disappearing Rain by Deena Larsen [[https://elmcip.net/node/759 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Judy Malloy [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Malloy Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse by John McDaid [[https://elmcip.net/node/519 ELMCIP]] [[http://dtc-wsuv.org/wp/pathfinders/authors-works/john-mcdaid-uncle-buddys-phantom-funhouse/ Pathfinders]] [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/mcdaids-traversal John McDaid's Traversal - Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael Joyce (writer) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joyce_(writer) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/236 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afternoon,_a_story Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Twelve Blue by Michael Joyce [[https://elmcip.net/node/237 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* I Have Said Nothing by J. Yellowlees Douglas [[https://elmcip.net/node/2063 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_Said_Nothing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* We Descend by Bill Bly [[http://scalar.usc.edu/works/pathfinders/bill-bly Pathfinders]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Edgerus Scriptor, Volume One [[https://elmcip.net/node/1101 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** We Descend: Archives Pertaining to Egderus Scriptor, Volume Two [[https://elmcip.net/node/4269 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/239 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patchwork_Girl_(hypertext) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Califia by M. D. Coverley [[https://elmcip.net/node/723 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop [[https://elmcip.net/node/352 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Garden_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, Dirk Stratton, and Frank Marquardt [[https://elmcip.net/node/662 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* GRAMMATRON by Mark Amerika [[https://elmcip.net/node/581 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 253 by Geoff Ryman [[https://elmcip.net/node/7513 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/253_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Jew's Daughter by Judd Morrissey [[https://elmcip.net/node/78 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erik Loyer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Loyer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Chroma by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/1289 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Lair of the Marrow Monkey by Erik Loyer [[https://elmcip.net/node/5067 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shelley Jackson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Jackson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** my body — a Wunderkammer by Shelley Jackson [[https://elmcip.net/node/793 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* About Time by Rob Swigart [[https://elmcip.net/node/4112 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam by Andy Campbell and Martyn Bedford [[https://elmcip.net/node/1600 ELMCIP]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virtual_Disappearance_of_Miriam Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Varicella by Adam Cadre [[https://elmcip.net/node/7775 ELMCIP]] [[http://www.ifwiki.org/index.php/Varicella IFWiki]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_(video_game) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ruth Nestvold [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Nestvold Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Joe's Heartbeat in Budapest by Ruth Nestvold [[http://www.lit-arts.net/JHIB/begin.htm full text - Lit-Arts.Net]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2002: A Palindrome Story in 2002 Words by Nick Montfort and William Gillespie [[https://elmcip.net/node/7962 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=432</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=432"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T00:56:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added links to &amp;quot;Experimental life writing.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Time =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Stuart: A Life Backwards by Alexander Masters [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93508 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* One Day a Year: 1960 - 2000 by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/466217 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Medium =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Maus by Art Spiegelman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6046618 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6392056 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel [[https://www.librarything.com/work/627079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 1941-45: a teenager's war: Crete, captivity, liberation by Frederick V. Carabott [[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1941-45-ho-polemos-henos-ephebou-krete-aichmalosia-apeleutherosis-1941-45-a-teenagers-war-crete-captivity-liberation-1941-45-der-krieg-eines-jugendlichen-kreta-gefangenschaft-befreiung/oclc/48228994 WorldCat.org]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Running in the Family by Michael Ondaatje [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27962 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Zami: a New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8116 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A heartbreaking work of staggering genius by Dave Eggers [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2294 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life by Amy Krouse Rosenthal [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35433 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Suicide Index: Putting My Father's Death in Order by Joan Wickersham [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5248942 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The relational =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Search Warrant by Patrick Modiano [[https://www.librarything.com/work/331076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben by Barbara Honigmann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4500497 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Long Silence by Helen Fremont [[https://www.librarything.com/work/13147 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== The work's focus =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/700778 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8660368 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Youth by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/105432 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J. M. Coetzee [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8494635 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/592881 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* W, or The Memory of Childhood by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39076 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple techniques =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Daddy's War: Greek American Stories by Irene Kacandes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8797694 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=431</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=431"/>
		<updated>2019-04-28T00:44:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Changed &amp;quot;Unnatural narratives&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Unnatural narration,&amp;quot; and added links to the section.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly informed narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginie: Her Two Lives by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/121280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Travesties by Tom Stoppard [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27223 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2118 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust [[https://www.librarything.com/work/23844 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2964 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Moby Dick by Herman Melville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/15540 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulysses by James Joyce [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8520 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Impossibly confused narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Molloy by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/56659 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* In the Labyrinth by Alain Robbe-Grillet [[https://www.librarything.com/work/319705 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;You Are As Brave As Vincent Van Gogh,&amp;quot; Flying to America: 45 More Stories by Donald Barthelme [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3397639 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Non-human narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf [[https://www.librarything.com/work/891578 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The House of Asterion,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot,&amp;quot; Tabloid Dreams: Stories by Robert Olen Butler [[https://www.librarything.com/work/150283 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Doctor Rat by William Kotzwinkle [[https://www.librarything.com/work/93750 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;My Life As a West African Gray Parrot,&amp;quot; The Left-Handed Marriage: Stories by Leigh Buchanan Bienen [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3769284 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shakespeare's Dog by Leon Rooke [[https://www.librarything.com/work/203121 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Stowaway,&amp;quot; A History of the World in 10½ Chapters by Julian Barnes [[http://www.librarything.com/work/7133 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sweet William: A Memoir of Old Horse by John Hawkes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/216641 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmin by Sam Savage [[https://www.librarything.com/work/922702 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Timbuktu by Paul Auster [[https://www.librarything.com/work/27521 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Dead narrator =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Pedro Páramo by Juan Rulfo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/84285 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Pincher Martin by William Golding [[https://www.librarything.com/work/286280 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Third Policeman by Flann O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7104 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Terra Incognita,&amp;quot; A Russian Beauty and Other Stories by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/224314 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Incognita_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Transparent Things by Vladimir Nabokov [[https://www.librarything.com/work/51102 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies [[https://www.librarything.com/work/73673 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* American Desert by Percival Everett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/238787 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2744 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Hotel World by Ali Smith [[https://www.librarything.com/work/19451 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Destiny and Desire by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6516575 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Book Thief by Markus Zusak [[https://www.librarything.com/work/393681 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Calmative,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4931 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Focalization technology =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Aleph,&amp;quot; The Aleph and Other Stories by Jorge Luis Borges [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1443832 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neuromancer by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/609 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== First-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;A Rose for Emily&amp;quot; by William Faulkner, American Gothic Tales by Joyce Carol Oates [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8038219 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Rose_for_Emily Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright [[https://www.librarything.com/work/666218 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Two Thousand Seasons by Ayi Kwei Armah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/77062 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* You Don't Love Yourself by Nathalie Sarraute [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2374617 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Second-person =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Pagan Place by Edna O'Brien [[https://www.librarything.com/work/218163 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;How,&amp;quot; Self-help by Lorrie Moore [[http://www.librarything.com/work/35303 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* If on a Winter's Night a Traveler by Italo Calvino [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4091153 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person singular impersonal =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Radetzky March by Joseph Roth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10159 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The opoponax by Monique Wittig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/257236 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Third-person plural =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Things: A Story of the Sixties by Georges Perec [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1197807 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flower Children by Maxine Swann [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2375201 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Gender-neutral pronouns =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Cook and The Carpenter by June Arnold [[https://www.librarything.com/work/736228 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Pronouns omitted =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Dead Doll Humility&amp;quot; by Kathy Acker, The Making of the American Essay (A New History of the Essay) by John D'Agata [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17216549 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Multiple points of view =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;The Cubs,&amp;quot; The Cubs and Other Stories by Mario Vargas Llosa [[https://www.librarything.com/work/17905949 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Cachorros Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Maps by Nuruddin Farah [[https://www.librarything.com/work/70403 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Compact by Maurice Roche [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1287065 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Merged narrators =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Monsieur Levert by Robert Pinget [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1170050 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;13,&amp;quot; Stories and Texts for Nothing by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/3398 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Unnamable by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/276374 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Glamorama by Bret Easton Ellis [[https://www.librarything.com/work/7545 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Anachronism =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Flight to Canada by Ishmael Reed [[https://www.librarything.com/work/35987 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Mid-narrative editing =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett [[https://www.librarything.com/work/782565 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=430</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=430"/>
		<updated>2019-04-27T22:58:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added links to &amp;quot;Literary inauthenticity.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Classical =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rowley Poems by Thomas Chatterton [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2002159 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton Thomas Chatterton - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The poems of Ossian by James MacPherson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/422650 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Macpherson James Macpherson - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kalevala by Elias Lönnrot [[https://www.librarything.com/work/158724 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalevala Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Tablets by Armand Schwerner [[https://www.librarything.com/work/335430 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Schwerner Armand Schwerner - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Modern =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A Million Little Pieces by James Frey [[https://www.librarything.com/work/444 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Million_Little_Pieces Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angel at the Fence: The True Story of a Love that Survived by Herman Rosenblat [[https://www.librarything.com/work/6304567 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_at_the_Fence Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood by Binjamin Wilkomirski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/188668 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binjamin_Wilkomirski Binjamin Wilkomirski - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Down the Road, Worlds Away by Rahila Khan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1737627 LibraryThing]] [[https://www.lrb.co.uk/v10/n03/toby-forward/diary Diary - Toby Forward - London Review of Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Hand That Signed The Paper by Helen Darville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/336438 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Dale Helen Dale - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* B. Wongar [[https://www.librarything.com/author/wongarb LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Wongar Wikipedia]] [[http://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/wongar_b Science Fiction Encyclopedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* My own sweet time by Wanda Koolmatrie [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1908840 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Carmen Leon Carmen - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Honor Lost: Love and Death in Modern-Day Jordan by Norma Khouri [[https://www.librarything.com/work/245918 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbidden_Love_(novel) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The darkening ecliptic by Ern Malley [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4591077 LibraryThing]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ern_Malley Ern Malley - Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Araki Yasusada [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araki_Yasusada Wikipedia]] [[https://hereshebe.wordpress.com/2008/09/29/on-the-araki-yasusada-hoax/ On the Araki Yasusada Hoax - Here She Be — The Battlements]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Doubled Flowering: From the Notebooks of Araki Yasusada by Araki Yasusada [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515083 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
** Also, With My Throat, I Shall Swallow Ten Thousand Swords: Araki Yasusada's Letters in English by Tosa Motokiyu [[https://www.librarything.com/work/515079 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Post-hoax =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Fernando Pessoa [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ecopoetry: a critical introduction by Scott Bryson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/129941 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Women and ecopoetics: an introduction in context by Harriet Tarlo [[https://www.asu.edu/pipercwcenter/how2journal/vol_3_no_2/ecopoetics/introstatements/tarlo_intro.html full text - HOW2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ecopoetics [[https://ecopoetics.wordpress.com/ full text - ecopoetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Media Poetry: An International Anthology by Eduardo Kac [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5074311 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Flarf [[http://mainstreampoetry.blogspot.com/ full text - Flarf]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=429</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=429"/>
		<updated>2019-04-27T16:01:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added Stephen Jonas, David Clark, and the links for &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Jonas [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-jonas Poetry Foundation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* David Clark [[https://elmcip.net/node/622 ELMCIP]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
* Count Zero by William Gibson [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2445 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Fountain at the Centre of the World by Robert Newman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18226 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita [[https://www.librarything.com/work/509798 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Lombardi: Global Networks by Robert Hobbs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1066 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* JPod by Douglas Coupland [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1115072 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Looking for Headless by K. D. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10578723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald [[https://www.librarything.com/work/28135 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Erasmus is Late by Liam Gillick [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1319708 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Shanghai Dancing by Brian Castro [[https://www.librarything.com/work/581326 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Islanders: An Introduction by Charles Avery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/8086723 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The One Facing Us: A Novel by Ronit Matalon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/643371 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk [[https://www.librarything.com/work/100731 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Only Revolutions by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/798583 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Headless by Goldin+Senneby [[https://web.archive.org/web/20180506182844/http://www.goldinsenneby.com/gs/?p=116 Goldin+Senneby]] [[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2009/feb/04/interview-with-goldinsenneby/ Interview with Goldin+Senneby - Rhizome]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOGttCSUecM Angus Cameron lecture on Headless - YouTube]]&lt;br /&gt;
* A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9530166 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Open City by Teju Cole [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10577676 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Rana Dasgupta [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_Dasgupta Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=428</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=428"/>
		<updated>2019-04-24T09:56:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Reformatted the Wikipedia links.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Experimental literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* Futurism (literature) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* Expressionism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* Surrealism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* Absurdist fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* The New American Poetry 1945–1960 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* Nouveau roman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tel Quel [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* Lettrism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Situationist International [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* Constrained writing [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Oulipo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* Metafiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* Postmodern literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* Kathy Acker [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Djuna Barnes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jane Bowles [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* H.D. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Toni Morrison [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bharati Mukherjee [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Anaïs Nin [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Joyce Carol Oates [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Rhys [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dorothy Richardson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gertrude Stein [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Virginia Woolf [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Russell Atkins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amiri Baraka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jayne Cortez [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Negro Digest [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Langston Hughes [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ted Joans [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Percy Johnston [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bob Kaufman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* William Melvin Kelley [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Nathaniel Mackey [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Clarence Major [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracie Morris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Harryette Mullen [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Claudia Rankine [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gil Scott-Heron [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lorenzo Thomas (poet) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Melvin B. Tolson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Jean Toomer [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umbra (poets) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* Postcolonial literature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* G. V. Desani [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilson Harris [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dambudzo Marechera [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mudrooroo [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ben Okri [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Salman Rushdie [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vikram Seth [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wole Soyinka [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Amos Tutuola [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Derek Walcott [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Tomas Alfredson [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Italo Calvino [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Umberto Eco [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenneth Goldsmith [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Robert Coover [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Angela Carter [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Aimee Bender [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Leyner [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* Post-postmodernism [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* Manifesto [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica (Horace) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Language poets [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* Found poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iain Banks [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Stephen Baxter (author) [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Paul Park [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* Alternative comics [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* Liberature [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive fiction [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Code poetry [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* Art game [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Wikipedia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=427</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=427"/>
		<updated>2019-04-21T04:28:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the RCEL chapters.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 2: &amp;quot;Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism&amp;quot; by John White&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 3: &amp;quot;The poetics of animism: Realism and the fantastic in expressionist literature and film&amp;quot; by Richard Murphy&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 4: &amp;quot;The surrealist experiments with language&amp;quot; by Peter Stockwell&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 5: &amp;quot;The literary absurd&amp;quot; by Joanna Gavins&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 6: &amp;quot;Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry&amp;quot; by Benjamin Lee&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 7: &amp;quot;The ''nouveau roman'' and ''Tel Quel''&amp;quot; by Danielle Marx-Scouras&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 8: &amp;quot;Lettrism and situationism&amp;quot; by Tyrus Miller&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 9: &amp;quot;OuLiPo and proceduralism&amp;quot; by Jan Baetens&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 10: &amp;quot;Metafiction&amp;quot; by R. M. Berry&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 11: &amp;quot;Postmodernism and experiment&amp;quot; by Brian McHale&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 12: &amp;quot;Sexing the text: Women’s avant-garde writing in the twentieth century&amp;quot; by Ellen G. Friedman&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Kathy Acker - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Djuna Barnes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Jane Bowles - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. H.D. - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Toni Morrison - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Bharati Mukherjee - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Anaïs Nin - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Joyce Carol Oates - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Jean Rhys - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Dorothy Richardson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Gertrude Stein - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Virginia Woolf - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 13: &amp;quot;Experiments in black: African-American avant-garde poetics&amp;quot; by Aldon Lynn Nielsen&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Russell Atkins - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Amiri Baraka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Jayne Cortez - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Negro Digest - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Langston Hughes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Ted Joans - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Percy Johnston - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Bob Kaufman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley William Melvin Kelley - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Nathaniel Mackey - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Clarence Major - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Tracie Morris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Harryette Mullen - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Claudia Rankine - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Gil Scott-Heron - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Lorenzo Thomas (poet) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Melvin B. Tolson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Jean Toomer - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Umbra (poets) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 14: &amp;quot;The limits of hybridity: Language and innovation in Anglophone postcolonial poetry&amp;quot; by Priyamvada Gopal&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani G. V. Desani - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wilson Harris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Dambudzo Marechera - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Mudrooroo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Ben Okri - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Salman Rushdie - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Vikram Seth - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wole Soyinka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Amos Tutuola - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Derek Walcott - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 15: &amp;quot;Avant-Pop&amp;quot; by Lance Olsen&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Tomas Alfredson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Italo Calvino - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Umberto Eco - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Kenneth Goldsmith - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Robert Coover - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Angela Carter - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Aimee Bender - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Mark Leyner - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 16: &amp;quot;Post-postmodernism&amp;quot; by Robert L. McLaughlin&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 17: &amp;quot;Globalization and transnationalism&amp;quot; by Liam Connell&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 18: &amp;quot;Altermodernist fiction&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 19: &amp;quot;Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica''&amp;quot; by Laura Winkiel&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Ars Poetica (Horace) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 20: &amp;quot;Post-criticism: Conceptual takes&amp;quot; by Gregory L. Ulmer&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 21: &amp;quot;The expanded field of ''L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E''&amp;quot; by Charles Bernstein&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 22: &amp;quot;Concrete poetry and prose&amp;quot; by Joe Bray&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 23: &amp;quot;Found poetry, 'uncreative writing,' and the art of appropriation&amp;quot; by Andrew Epstein&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 24: &amp;quot;Words in visual art&amp;quot; by Jessica Prinz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 25: &amp;quot;Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity&amp;quot; by Philip Mead&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 26: &amp;quot;Unnatural voices, minds, and narration&amp;quot; by Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen, and Brian Richardson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 27: &amp;quot;Impossible worlds&amp;quot; by Marie-Laure Ryan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 28: &amp;quot;Experimental life writing&amp;quot; by Irene Kacandes&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 29: &amp;quot;'Rotting time': Genre ﬁction and the avant-garde&amp;quot; by Elana Gomel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Iain Banks - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Stephen Baxter (author) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Paul Park - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 30: &amp;quot;Graphic narrative&amp;quot; by Hillary Chute&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 31: &amp;quot;Multimodal literature and experimentation&amp;quot; by Alison Gibbons&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 32: &amp;quot;Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 33: &amp;quot;Interactive fiction&amp;quot; by N. Katherine Hayles And Nick Montfort&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 34: &amp;quot;Digital fiction: Networked narratives&amp;quot; by David Ciccoricco&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 35: &amp;quot;Code poetry and new-media literature&amp;quot; by Steve Tomasula&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 36: &amp;quot;Computer gaming&amp;quot; by Astrid Ensslin&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RCEL Chapter 37: &amp;quot;Virtual autobiography: Autographies, interfaces, and avatars&amp;quot; by Amy J. Elias&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=426</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=426"/>
		<updated>2019-04-10T09:23:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Categorized the genre fiction.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Kathy Acker - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Djuna Barnes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Jane Bowles - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. H.D. - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Toni Morrison - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Bharati Mukherjee - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Anaïs Nin - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Joyce Carol Oates - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Jean Rhys - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Dorothy Richardson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Gertrude Stein - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Virginia Woolf - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Russell Atkins - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Amiri Baraka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Jayne Cortez - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Negro Digest - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Langston Hughes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Ted Joans - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Percy Johnston - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Bob Kaufman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley William Melvin Kelley - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Nathaniel Mackey - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Clarence Major - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Tracie Morris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Harryette Mullen - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Claudia Rankine - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Gil Scott-Heron - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Lorenzo Thomas (poet) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Melvin B. Tolson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Jean Toomer - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Umbra (poets) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani G. V. Desani - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wilson Harris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Dambudzo Marechera - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Mudrooroo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Ben Okri - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Salman Rushdie - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Vikram Seth - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wole Soyinka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Amos Tutuola - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Derek Walcott - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Tomas Alfredson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Italo Calvino - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Umberto Eco - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Kenneth Goldsmith - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Robert Coover - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Angela Carter - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Aimee Bender - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Mark Leyner - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Ars Poetica (Horace) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Fantasy =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Science fiction =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Iain Banks - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Stephen Baxter (author) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Paul Park - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===== Horror =====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=425</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=425"/>
		<updated>2019-04-10T09:22:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Hyphenated the twentieth-century headings.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Kathy Acker - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Djuna Barnes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Jane Bowles - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. H.D. - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Toni Morrison - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Bharati Mukherjee - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Anaïs Nin - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Joyce Carol Oates - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Jean Rhys - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Dorothy Richardson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Gertrude Stein - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Virginia Woolf - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth-century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Russell Atkins - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Amiri Baraka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Jayne Cortez - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Negro Digest - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Langston Hughes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Ted Joans - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Percy Johnston - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Bob Kaufman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley William Melvin Kelley - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Nathaniel Mackey - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Clarence Major - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Tracie Morris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Harryette Mullen - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Claudia Rankine - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Gil Scott-Heron - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Lorenzo Thomas (poet) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Melvin B. Tolson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Jean Toomer - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Umbra (poets) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani G. V. Desani - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wilson Harris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Dambudzo Marechera - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Mudrooroo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Ben Okri - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Salman Rushdie - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Vikram Seth - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wole Soyinka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Amos Tutuola - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Derek Walcott - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Tomas Alfredson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Italo Calvino - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Umberto Eco - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Kenneth Goldsmith - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Robert Coover - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Angela Carter - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Aimee Bender - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Mark Leyner - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Ars Poetica (Horace) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Iain Banks - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Stephen Baxter (author) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Paul Park - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=424</id>
		<title>DC Event Collection Reading Order</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=424"/>
		<updated>2019-04-09T04:27:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Clarified the introduction.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a strategy guide for developing one type of comic reading plan: reading through DC's events using collected editions. Following these suggestions will help you put together a reading list that will cover the overarching story of DC's main continuity. This plan is an example of my overall [[Navigating the World of Comics|comic reading strategy]]. In terms of that guide, the plan uses ranked selecting and an event-oriented route.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here are our guidelines:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Focus on the major crossover events.''' This is a flexible plan, so what counts as major is up to you. DC's events range from short ones involving a few characters to publisher-wide, universe-shaping cataclysms. Wikipedia lists a little over 100 events in total.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Include important background and follow-up stories, if possible.''' Again, how much of this you include is up to you.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Read only collections as much as possible, rather than individual issues.''' A collection is a volume that includes reprints of multiple related issues. Using collections lets you read more comics with less work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Information sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where will we find our reading order for this plan? Here are some possibilities.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_DC_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of DC Comics crossover events - Wikipedia] ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pros ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It offers a convenient list of events with descriptions that give an idea of where they fit into the overall chronology. You can get a sense of how important each event is by its formatting:&lt;br /&gt;
** The most important events have section headings named after them.&lt;br /&gt;
** Other publisher-wide events are in bold.&lt;br /&gt;
** The other events involve smaller sets of characters. It's possible that the events with their own Wikipedia articles are the more important of these.&lt;br /&gt;
** Note that some publisher-wide events are tied to more localized events. For example, the publisher-wide ''Forever Evil'' contains the conclusion of ''Justice League: Trinity War''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Cons ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Not all the events have collections listed, so you'll have to find them yourself. See the Comic Book Reading Orders procedure below for information on finding collections in Grand Comics Database.&lt;br /&gt;
* There might be better opinions on which events are most important, so you might want to compare this list to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* You might miss helpful background and follow-up stories. For example, you won't necessarily get characters' origin stories before they show up in an event.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [https://www.comicbookherald.com/reading-dc-comics/ Reading DC Comics - Comic Book Herald] ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pros ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It has &amp;quot;fast track guides&amp;quot; to the major periods of DC's publishing history.&lt;br /&gt;
* Each entry has a long description that will tell you why they recommend the story.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Cons ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The guides list the curators' picks for the best stories, but that doesn't necessarily cover all the stories that interest us in this example--the important events and the important surrounding stories related to them. For example, if you care about ''Crisis on Earth-One'' and ''Crisis on Earth-Two'', you'll be disappointed to find that they aren't in the [https://www.comicbookherald.com/the-best-40-dc-comics-from-1942-to-2000/ Classic DC fast track].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/ DC Comics Timelines and Reading Orders - All Timelines] ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pros ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It focuses on collections.&lt;br /&gt;
* It has many lists that each focus on a different goal, such as reading through [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/dc-comics-main-continuity-timeline/ the entire main continuity], [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/events/ only the events (and other quality stories)], or [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/dc-extended-universe/ comics related to the DC Cinematic Universe].&lt;br /&gt;
* It has a helpful [https://www.alltimelines.com/2017/04/beginners-guide-dc-multiverse/ introduction to the DC multiverse] that will give you some basic starting points for reading the comics.&lt;br /&gt;
* The lists include a description of each item so you generally know what it's about. You can view the description by either clicking the plus next to the title to show the description underneath it or clicking the title itself to go to the item's page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Cons ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The item descriptions don't necessarily tell you enough to decide whether they fit into your reading plan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [https://comicbookreadingorders.com/dc/ DC Reading Orders - Comic Book Reading Orders] ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pros ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It appears to be comprehensive.&lt;br /&gt;
* It contains several reading plans, including a nicely organized set of events.&lt;br /&gt;
* The overview page (linked above) summarizes various starting points for reading.&lt;br /&gt;
* The reading orders include some comments about issue contents that can help you decide whether an issue fits into your reading plan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Cons ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It lists individual issues rather than collections. The trade paperback (TPB) reading orders that would fill this need are planned. See the section &amp;quot;Procedure for using Comic Book Reading Orders&amp;quot; below for an idea of how you could create collection reading order out of an issue reading order.&lt;br /&gt;
* The issues aren't linked to anything, so to connect them with any outside information, you'd have to search for them yourself in the relevant websites.&lt;br /&gt;
* A lot of the issues don't have comments, so you'd have to research them you're not sure they fit into your plan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Recommendations ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The easy plan ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you're not worried about utter completeness and you just want to jump in without too much extra work, I'd say follow the [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/events/ events reading order from All Timelines]. If you find you need more information, you can always fill in the gaps from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The hard plan ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you want more control over your reading and you don't mind a lot more work, try one of the reading orders from Comic Book Reading Orders (CBRO). Since in this example we want to read collections, the next section will suggest a procedure for finding collections based on CBRO's lists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Either plan ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Even if you don't create your own list from CBRO, skimming through the procedure might give you some helpful tips for whatever reading method you choose.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Procedure for using Comic Book Reading Orders ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Go to [https://comicbookreadingorders.com/dc/ the main DC page on Comic Book Reading Orders]. Decide if you want an event reading order or the comprehensive (master) one. Let's be intense and try the master reading order. Here's [https://comicbookreadingorders.com/dc/dc-master-reading-order-part-1/ part 1].&lt;br /&gt;
# Choose some issues to read. CBRO comments on some of the issues in its reading orders, which can help you decide whether you want to read or skip them.&lt;br /&gt;
# Begin searching for the issues on [https://www.comics.org/ Grand Comics Database] (GCD). Here's [https://www.comics.org/searchNew/?q=Action%20Comics%20%231%20%281938%29 an example of a search].&lt;br /&gt;
# Look for a result labeled &amp;quot;[ISSUE]&amp;quot; that matches the title, issue number, and title year (if included), and follow the issue's link. For example: [https://www.comics.org/issue/293/ Action Comics (DC, 1938 series) #1].&lt;br /&gt;
# There will be a section toward the top of the page with information that applies to the whole issue. The sections below that apply to each story in the issue. In the issue overview section, look for the list of reprints, if there is one. These are mostly collections (represented by a series title and number) that include that issue. The title should have the word &amp;quot;in&amp;quot; before it. If it has the word &amp;quot;from,&amp;quot; then the issue you're looking at is the reprint of that story or issue. For example, at the time I'm writing this, the first reprint in the list for our example issue is [https://www.comics.org/issue/24740/#1233765 Superman from the Thirties to the Seventies (Crown Publishers, 1971 series)].&lt;br /&gt;
# For efficient reading, we're especially looking for volumes that also include other issues from the reading order. They should probably also be published in your country, indicated by the flag icon. If you don't want to put in a lot of effort coordinating volumes, you can just pick one and move on to the next step. If you don't mind the work, there are a couple of ways to do it:&lt;br /&gt;
#* The hard way: View some promising collections for an issue and compare their contents to the issues in the reading order. You're looking for stories in the collection that say they're reprints &amp;quot;from&amp;quot; an issue in your reading order. For example, [https://www.comics.org/issue/59761/ Superman: The Action Comics Archives #1] has a section called &amp;quot;[Action Comics #1].&amp;quot; In that section the reprints list has one item, &amp;quot;from Action Comics (DC, 1938 series) #1 (June 1938).&amp;quot; Down the page in the section called &amp;quot;[Action Comics #6]&amp;quot; there's another reprinted issue from our reading order, Action Comics (DC, 1938 series) #6.&lt;br /&gt;
#* The less hard way: Search for each issue and compare their lists of reprints. This method seems simpler, so I recommend this over the first one. You won't have to hunt through so many GCD pages looking for reprinted issues. For example, [https://www.comics.org/issue/293/ Action Comics (DC, 1938 series) #1] and [https://www.comics.org/issue/2894/ Action Comics #60] both list the collection [https://www.comics.org/issue/1540211/ Superman: The War Years 1938-1945]. Unfortunately, that collection only includes the cover from Action Comics #60 and not any of its stories, so you'd have to look somewhere else for the whole issue, or at least the relevant parts. [https://www.comics.org/issue/1658497/ Superman: The Golden Age Omnibus #3] contains the 12-page Superman-related story from that issue.&lt;br /&gt;
# Once you've chosen one or more collections and you're ready to read, then buy or borrow them.&lt;br /&gt;
# Repeat this procedure till you've finished your reading plan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Conclusion ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As you can see, compiling a complete list of DC event collections takes a lot of time. We can be grateful that others have done most of the work for us. If there's more work to be done, it might be the kind that can be largely automated. If you have programming skills, that could be a worthwhile project.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Procedures]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Complete]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Navigating_the_World_of_Comics&amp;diff=423</id>
		<title>Navigating the World of Comics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Navigating_the_World_of_Comics&amp;diff=423"/>
		<updated>2019-04-09T04:14:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added an Example section with a link to the DC events reading order procedure.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Comics are an inviting art form for many reasons, but they're also an overwhelming one. There are just too many comics to know where to start or to easily make sense of the material. At least that's how it can look to a newcomer. This article is a beginner-to-beginner guide to getting started in reading comics. That is, I have a long way to go before I'd call myself an expert, but I'm far enough along that I have things to say.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When I was starting my latest attempt to launch into the world of comics, I asked Google for some getting-started guides. It gave me some, and they were helpful, but they didn't entirely give me what I wanted. So I've done some of my own research and put together a guide that's closer to the map I'm looking for.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this guide I'll invite you to be an explorer. The world of comics is vast, and so is the world of comics discussion. My goal is to give you a way to think about these discussions and then give you starting points for finding them. It's up to you to chart your own path.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a work in progress, so expect some updates!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Mapping the territory ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Before we start navigating, it might be good to get an overall picture of the world we'll be traveling. Here's a good starting point:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicspectrum.com/comics.html Comics - Comic Spectrum] - These articles give brief overviews of different aspects of comics, from which are the major publishers to how to buy comics to what the deal is with manga and webcomics.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The next sites cover large areas of the comics industry in detail. You can use them as references to search for specific information or wander through them aimlessly, clicking any links that catch your eye.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Comics The Comics Portal - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://animanga.wikia.com/wiki/Animanga_Wiki Animanga Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://dmoztools.net/Arts/Comics/ Arts &amp;gt; Comics - dmoztools.net] - The comics section of a general web directory, a large, organized collections of links. This site is only a mirror of the original DMOZ directory, which has been shut down, so more recent sites won't be included, but there's still plenty to explore.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Even in the age of the web, books are still a good source of information. Here are some worthwhile reference books:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.amazon.com/DC-Comics-History-Daniel-Wallace/dp/1465433848/ DC Comics: A Visual History, Updated Edition] - This book highlights the major developments in DC Comics for each year the publisher has existed, heavily illustrated with comic covers and other art. It's a good place to find artists to follow, pick up on major characters and storylines, and place it all in the context of other developments in the comic industry and in world history.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1465414436/ Marvel Year by Year, Updated and Expanded] - The Marvel version of the DC visual history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Choosing destinations ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Whenever you start on a journey, you'll want a destination in mind, or at least a purpose for your travels. For example:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Every few months comic-related hype blows up your Twitter feed, and you want to see what all the hubbub is about.&lt;br /&gt;
* You've dabbled in comics and want to explore them more extensively.&lt;br /&gt;
* You like comic fans and want to be able to talk with them.&lt;br /&gt;
* You want to study the work of other comic creators to learn how to tell your own stories with pictures.&lt;br /&gt;
* You just want to read some good visual stories.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Your goals will guide your decisions along the way. Before going into the details, though, let's look more closely at some destinations you might be aiming for.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Keeping up with new comics ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of your goals might be to catch up on some current storylines in comics so you can keep up with them going forward. How will you keep up once you've caught up? Here's some advice on doing that:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.themarysue.com/how-to-buy-comics-a-beginners-guide/ How To Buy Comics: A Beginner’s Guide - The Mary Sue]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://comicsalliance.com/small-press-previews-indie-comics-website/ Small Press Previews: A New Way Of Keeping Up To Date With The Latest Indie Comics - Comics Alliance]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here are some places to find out about new comic releases:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.previewsworld.com/NewReleases New Releases - Previews World]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://freshcomics.us/ Fresh Comics]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.midtowncomics.com/ Midtown Comics]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://indiecomicsmagazine.com/ Indie Comics Magazine]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/archive News Archive - Anime News Network] - Search the post titles for &amp;quot;releases.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Places to talk about comics ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If one of your goals is to discuss comics with other fans, there's no shortage of places to do that. Here are some starting points for finding them:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.meetup.com/find/events/?keywords=comics Comics meetups near you - Meetup.com] - Places to talk to fellow comic fans in person.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/comics/ Comics - Reddit]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/manga/ Manga - Reddit]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.wishberry.in/blog/10-international-comic-blogs-that-keep-you-updated-with-the-comic-space/ 10 International Comic Blogs That Keep You Updated With The Comic Space - Wishberry] - Most blogs like these let you comment on the posts, and some even have forums so you can start your own discussions.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theweeklypull.net/ The Weekly Pull] - The hub for a group of large comic-related YouTube channels, centered around their shared podcast. They sometimes have guests from other channels, such as [http://www.theweeklypull.net/the-weekly-pull-podcast-episode-22-wnerdsync-productions NerdSync], so you can get an idea of who else is out there. In addition to podcast episodes and YouTube videos, the site features articles and a forum.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planning routes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have an idea of your destination, or at least the kind of travel you want to experience, how will you get there? The approach I'm recommending is to pick one or more specific ways to organize your journey and then pick a strategy for choosing your stops along the way.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here are some other writers who recommend a similar approach:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.howtolovecomics.com/2013/09/12/how-do-i-get-into-comics-guide-for-those-new-to-comics/ How Do I Get Into Comics? - How to Love Comics] - A good set of general advice.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://lifehacker.com/how-to-get-started-reading-comics-that-have-been-runnin-1692145879 How to Get Started Reading Comics That Have Been Running For Decades - Lifehacker]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicbookherald.com/how-to-start-reading-comics/ How To Start Reading Comics In 2017: A Beginner’s Guide - Comic Book Herald]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my version of this scheme, the organizing factors you could choose are&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* sources (places to find comics),&lt;br /&gt;
* stories (quality, stand-alone comic collections),&lt;br /&gt;
* creators (writers and artists),&lt;br /&gt;
* events (important stories from a character's life or a publisher's continuity),&lt;br /&gt;
* and themes (topics or story elements).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I'll go into more detail on each of these factors in the rest of this section. But first let's talk about some basic strategies for choosing comics from your chosen route.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Strategies for choosing comics ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Any path you choose will probably include a lot of comics. There are a few patterns you could use to decide on which of those to read:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Serendipitous selecting''' - In this strategy you pick up any comics that appeal to you without worrying about the ones you leave on the shelf. Your selection can end up looking kind of random. Serendipity is especially helpful for the times when you're looking for possible new routes. When using this strategy, it helps if you aren't a completist. Otherwise you'll still worry about the comics you've left behind.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Exhaustive selecting''' - In this strategy you read every comic you can get your hands on in the route you've chosen. In some cases the route is short enough that this will be manageable. In other cases it'll be challenging or impossible, and that's a good time to consider the next strategy.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ranked selecting''' - In this strategy you read only the important comics in your route. It'll take some research, advice, and thought to decide which comics are important to you, but it could save you a lot of extra reading time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now let's look at some ways to find routes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Source-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this method, you base your selection on whatever you can pick up from a particular source. Sources include libraries, brick-and-mortar stores, and online stores. You probably won't be able to read everything your source offers, so I'd say this method works best with a serendipitous strategy. It's a good way to sample comics when you're looking for a route from another category, such as finding a character to follow (that is, a story- or event-oriented route).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://bookriot.com/2016/06/20/6-ways-to-keep-up-with-comics-when-youre-broke/ 6 Ways to Keep up With Comics When You’re Broke - Book Riot] - This article describes some sources of cheap or free comics.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Free comics ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.worldcat.org/ WorldCat] - An online catalog of thousands of libraries worldwide. If you're only after good comics from your local library, take a trip there and look around. If you're looking for a specific comic, you can search this catalog and see which libraries near you have it. If none of them do, you can probably borrow it through your local library's [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlibrary_loan interlibrary loan] service.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.hoopladigital.com/browse/comic/popular Comics - Hoopla] - Libraries subscribe to this service to offer you digital comics (along with ebooks, audiobooks, music, and movies). Check your library's website to see if they're signed up with Hoopla.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.comixology.com/free-comics Free Comics - comiXology] - Free digital comics from one of the major online retailers.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Comic_Book_Day Free Comic Book Day - Wikipedia] - An annual event that offers a set of free promotional comics through your local comic stores.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://l-lists.com/en/lists/quobv1.html List of Webcomic Directories - L-Lists] - The sites on this list link to thousands of webcomics, most of them completely free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Paid comics ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.freecomicbookday.com/storelocator Find a Shop - Free Comic Book Day] - A searchable directory of physical comic book stores. These are good places to get overwhelmed by comics and to subscribe to regular installments of your favorite titles.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.yelp.com/search?find_desc=Bookstores Bookstores near you - Yelp] - Bookstores sell comics too. One notable chain is [https://www.hpb.com/ Half Price Books], which happily buys and sells used comics and graphic novels.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_comic#Notable_digital_distributors Notable digital distributors - Digital comic - Wikipedia] - Places to buy digital comics online.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_comics_publishing_companies List of comics publishing companies - Wikipedia] - You may be able to order print or digital comics directly from your favorite publishers.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_manga_distributors List of manga distributors - Wikipedia] - Places to buy manga, in some cases the digital editions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Story-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With this method you're looking for high quality comics. You don't care if they're important to a larger storyline. It helps if these are stand-alone stories, but they don't have to be.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can find these by visiting some of the more selective comic sources, such as libraries, and reading whatever they've decided is worth offering. Here's one source of lists that are based on data:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.diamondcomics.com/Home/1/1/3/237 Industry Statistics - Diamond Comic Distributors, Inc.] - Diamond distributes comics from publishers to retailers. This page links to their monthly lists of top selling comics and graphic novels. These ranks are based on orders from retailers rather than purchases by customers, but they should give you a good idea of the significant titles you might want to read.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can also look for lists of good comics online through web searches such as these:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=best+comics+stories Best comics stories - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=new+to+comics New to comics - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=comics+getting+started Comics getting started - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=best+stand+alone+comics Best stand alone comics - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=literary+comics Literary comics - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=best+indie+comics Best indie comics - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=best+manga Best manga - Google]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You'll find a lot of these lists. Here are a bunch to start with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://twocatscomicbookstore.blogspot.com/p/new-to-reading-comic-books-heres-where.html New to Comics? Start Here! - All Things Geeky]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://mashable.com/2015/08/02/comics-for-new-fans/#U7pBRxbd9sqF 25 comic books for nerdy newbies to read first - Mashable]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://comicvine.gamespot.com/profile/johnkmccubbin91/lists/my-top-stories-and-story-arcs-of-all-time/44413/ My Top Stories and Story Arcs of All Time - Comic Vine]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/superhero-comic-books-100-best-934371 100 Greatest Superhero Comics - Hollywood Reporter]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2013/01/the-25-comic-books-you-need-to-read-before-you-die/ The 25 Comic Books You Need To Read Before You Die - Complex]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://forbiddenplanet.com/log/50-best-best-graphic-novels/ 50 Best Of The Best Graphic Novels - Forbidden Planet]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.listchallenges.com/top-100-comic-book-storylines Top 100 Comic Book Storylines - List Challenges]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicbookherald.com/the-best-comics-of-all-time/ Dave’s Faves: All The Best Comics I’ve Ever Read - Comic Book Herald]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.nerdophiles.com/2015/01/25/a-beginners-guide-to-literary-comics/ A Beginner’s Guide to Literary Comics - Nerdophiles]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/lists/drawn-out-the-50-best-non-superhero-graphic-novels-20140505 Drawn Out: The 50 Best Non-Superhero Graphic Novels - Rolling Stone]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.buzzfeed.com/summeranne/60-comics-everyone-should-read?utm_term=.axBWP74x1R#.hqQM2PK43k 60 Comics Everyone Should Read - BuzzFeed]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.comixology.com/New-to-comiXology-Start-Here/page/502 New to Comics? Start Here! - comiXology]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_best-selling_manga List of best-selling manga - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.theguardian.com/childrens-books-site/2014/feb/03/manga-top-ten-teens Manga comics: where to start - The Guardian]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Creator-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this method you pick one or more comic writers or artists to follow and read some or all of their works.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Comics_creators Category:Comics creators - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://pjmedia.com/lifestyle/2014/6/25/the-10-greatest-comic-book-writers-of-all-time/ The 10 Greatest Comic Book Writers of All Time - PJ Media]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.goliath.com/comics/the-10-most-influential-comic-book-writers-of-all-time/ The 10 Most Influential Comic Book Writers Of All Time - Goliath]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.creativebloq.com/comics/comic-book-artists-712389 The 10 greatest comic book artists of all time - Creative Bloq]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicartfans.com/comicartistsmain.asp Comic Artists - Comicartfans] - A large database of artists with lists on the front page of top ranking entries.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://geekandsundry.com/keep-current-by-reading-this-one-bleeding-edge-comic-book/ Keep Current by Reading This One Bleeding Edge Comic Book - Geek &amp;amp; Sundry]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Event-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many stories in comics take place in the context of a larger storyline. You could view the life of a character or team as a single storyline, or an entire comic book series, or even a publisher's complete body of work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One type of route is to read through one or more of these story arcs. If you have the time, you could try to read through every issue of the arc, or you can find ways to narrow down the list to the most interesting or important parts of the story.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that the top two publishers treat so much of their material as one semi-cohesive set of stories is one reason people find comics so hard to start reading. The good news is that both DC and Marvel periodically publish major story arcs in the form of crossover events. These events can serve as a way to organize the overall storyline of the publisher's universe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_DC_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of DC Comics crossover events - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_Marvel_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of Marvel Comics crossover events - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some story arcs can be hard to follow because they're spread out over a long time period and draw from several comic titles. So a lot of people have taken the time to put together reading orders to guide you, either through every issue of the story or through what they consider the most important parts. Here are some sites that cover a lot of storylines, mostly from DC and Marvel:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.comicbookherald.com/ Comic Book Herald]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://comicbookreadingorders.com/ Comic Book Reading Orders]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.tradereadingorder.com/list/comics/ Comics - Trade Reading Order]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.readingorders.com/ Comic Reading Orders]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.dcindexes.com/ Mike's Amazing World of Comics]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/comicreadingorders/ Comic Reading Orders - Reddit]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://cmro.travis-starnes.com/ The Complete Marvel Reading Order]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.alltimelines.com/all-comic-timelines/ All Comic Timelines - All Timelines] - This site puts the comics from various universes in chronological rather than publication order.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.supermegamonkey.net/chronocomic/ Marvel Comics Chronology - SuperMegaMonkey]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you search the web yourself for reading orders, you'll also find some for more obscure storylines, such as this interesting project that explores short-lived publishers from the 1990s:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theshareduniverse.com/tag/dead-universes/ Dead Universes - The Shared Universe]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A lot of reading orders list individual comic issues, but these can be hard to get your hands on. Fortunately, publishers often release collections of related issues as trade paperbacks or hardcovers, and these are a lot easier to find. How will you know which collections have the issues you need? The database sites below will help. Search for an issue, and the issue's page will list other issues or collections where it's been reprinted:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.comics.org/ The Grand Comics Database] - The GCD lists reprints of the individual stories within an issue.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://comicbookdb.com/ Comic Book DB] - Trade paperback collections are labeled TPB, and hardcovers are labeled HC.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Theme-oriented routes ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This last method is sort of a catch-all category for factors that cut across the other methods. These include story elements, genres, audiences, topics, and any other factor you can think of. Sometimes you'll find websites about comics on your chosen theme, but in a lot of cases, the best way to find relevant comics is a good old fashioned web search. Here are some examples:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=comics+about+cyborgs Comics about cyborgs - Google] - A story element, a character type.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=comics+set+in+chicago Comics set in Chicago - Google] - Another story element, a setting.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=slice+of+life+manga Slice of life manga - Google] - A genre.&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=manga+about+revenge Manga about revenge - Google] - A topic.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.kidscomics.com/Home/1/1/60/1046 Kids Comics] - An audience.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Example ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here's a more detailed look at how you could put together [[DC Event Collection Reading Order|a plan for reading through DC's events]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Closing thoughts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this guide I've tried to give you a broad set of starting points for planning your comic reading adventures. The next steps are up to you. Pick a goal, pick a method, do some research, chart a course, and have fun reading. Maybe even share your journey with others. And feel free to leave feedback on this guide in the comments below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add examples.&lt;br /&gt;
* Cover the different types of comics more evenly (superhero, licensed, literary, webcomics, manga, etc.).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;disqus/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Essays]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Category:Procedures&amp;diff=422</id>
		<title>Category:Procedures</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Category:Procedures&amp;diff=422"/>
		<updated>2019-04-09T04:08:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the category.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Genres]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=421</id>
		<title>DC Event Collection Reading Order</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=421"/>
		<updated>2019-04-09T04:06:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Replaced the contents with a procedure for creating the reading order.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a strategy guide for one type of comic reading plan: reading through DC's events using collected editions. The idea is to explore the overarching story of DC's main continuity. This plan is an example of my overall [[Navigating the World of Comics|comic reading strategy]]. In terms of that guide, the plan uses ranked selecting and an event-oriented route.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here are our guidelines:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Focus on the major crossover events.''' This is a flexible example, so what counts as major is up to you. DC's events range from short ones involving a few characters to line-wide, universe-shaping cataclysms. Wikipedia lists a little over 100 events in total.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Include important background and follow-up stories, if possible.''' Again, how much of this you include is up to you.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Read only collections as much as possible, rather than individual issues.''' A collection is a volume that includes reprints of multiple related issues. Using collections lets you read more comics with less work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Information sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where will we find our reading order for this plan? Here are some possibilities.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_DC_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of DC Comics crossover events - Wikipedia] ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pros ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It offers a convenient list of events with descriptions that give an idea of where they fit into the overall chronology. You can get a sense of how important each event is by its formatting:&lt;br /&gt;
** The most important events have section headings named after them.&lt;br /&gt;
** Other publisher-wide events are in bold.&lt;br /&gt;
** The other events involve smaller sets of characters. It's possible that the events with their own Wikipedia articles are the more important of these.&lt;br /&gt;
** Note that some publisher-wide events are tied to more localized events. For example, the publisher-wide ''Forever Evil'' contains the conclusion of ''Justice League: Trinity War''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Cons ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Not all the events have collections listed, so you'll have to find them yourself. See the Comic Book Reading Orders procedure below for information on finding collections in Grand Comics Database.&lt;br /&gt;
* There might be better opinions on which events are most important, so you might want to compare this list to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* You might miss helpful background and follow-up stories. For example, you won't necessarily get characters' origin stories before they show up in an event.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [https://www.comicbookherald.com/reading-dc-comics/ Reading DC Comics - Comic Book Herald] ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pros ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It has &amp;quot;fast track guides&amp;quot; to the major periods of DC's publishing history.&lt;br /&gt;
* Each entry has a long description that will tell you why they recommend the story.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Cons ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The guides list the curators' picks for the best stories, but that doesn't necessarily cover all the stories that interest us in this example--the important events and the important surrounding stories related to them. For example, if you care about ''Crisis on Earth-One'' and ''Crisis on Earth-Two'', you'll be disappointed to find that they aren't in the [https://www.comicbookherald.com/the-best-40-dc-comics-from-1942-to-2000/ Classic DC fast track].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/ DC Comics Timelines and Reading Orders - All Timelines] ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pros ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It focuses on collections.&lt;br /&gt;
* It has many lists that each focus on a different goal, such as reading through [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/dc-comics-main-continuity-timeline/ the entire main continuity], [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/events/ only the events (and other quality stories)], or [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/dc-extended-universe/ comics related to the DC Cinematic Universe].&lt;br /&gt;
* It has a helpful [https://www.alltimelines.com/2017/04/beginners-guide-dc-multiverse/ introduction to the DC multiverse] that will give you some basic starting points for reading the comics.&lt;br /&gt;
* The lists include a description of each item so you generally know what it's about. You can view the description by either clicking the plus next to the title to show the description underneath it or clicking the title itself to go to the item's page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Cons ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The item descriptions don't necessarily tell you enough to decide whether they fit into your reading plan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== [https://comicbookreadingorders.com/dc/ DC Reading Orders - Comic Book Reading Orders] ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pros ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It appears to be comprehensive.&lt;br /&gt;
* It contains several reading plans, including a nicely organized set of events.&lt;br /&gt;
* The overview page (linked above) summarizes various starting points for reading.&lt;br /&gt;
* The reading orders include some comments about issue contents that can help you decide whether an issue fits into your reading plan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Cons ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* It lists individual issues rather than collections. The trade paperback (TPB) reading orders that would fill this need are planned. See the section &amp;quot;Procedure for using Comic Book Reading Orders&amp;quot; below for an idea of how you could create collection reading order out of an issue reading order.&lt;br /&gt;
* The issues aren't linked to anything, so to connect them with any outside information, you'd have to search for them yourself in the relevant websites.&lt;br /&gt;
* A lot of the issues don't have comments, so you'd have to research them you're not sure they fit into your plan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Recommendations ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The easy plan ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you're not worried about utter completeness and you just want to jump in without too much extra work, I'd say follow the [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/events/ events reading order from All Timelines]. If you find you need more information, you can always fill in the gaps from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The hard plan ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you want more control over your reading and you don't mind a lot more work, try one of the reading orders from Comic Book Reading Orders (CBRO). Since in this example we want to read collections, the next section will suggest a procedure for finding collections based on CBRO's lists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Either plan ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Even if you don't create your own list from CBRO, skimming through the procedure might give you some helpful tips for whatever reading method you choose.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Procedure for using Comic Book Reading Orders ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Go to [https://comicbookreadingorders.com/dc/ the main DC page on Comic Book Reading Orders]. Decide if you want an event reading order or the comprehensive (master) one. Let's be intense and try the master reading order. Here's [https://comicbookreadingorders.com/dc/dc-master-reading-order-part-1/ part 1].&lt;br /&gt;
# Choose some issues to read. CBRO comments on some of the issues in its reading orders, which can help you decide whether you want to read or skip them.&lt;br /&gt;
# Begin searching for the issues on [https://www.comics.org/ Grand Comics Database] (GCD). Here's [https://www.comics.org/searchNew/?q=Action%20Comics%20%231%20%281938%29 an example of a search].&lt;br /&gt;
# Look for a result labeled &amp;quot;[ISSUE]&amp;quot; that matches the title, issue number, and title year (if included), and follow the issue's link. For example: [https://www.comics.org/issue/293/ Action Comics (DC, 1938 series) #1].&lt;br /&gt;
# There will be a section toward the top of the page with information that applies to the whole issue. The sections below that apply to each story in the issue. In the issue overview section, look for the list of reprints, if there is one. These are mostly collections (represented by a series title and number) that include that issue. The title should have the word &amp;quot;in&amp;quot; before it. If it has the word &amp;quot;from,&amp;quot; then the issue you're looking at is the reprint of that story or issue. For example, at the time I'm writing this, the first reprint in the list for our example issue is [https://www.comics.org/issue/24740/#1233765 Superman from the Thirties to the Seventies (Crown Publishers, 1971 series)].&lt;br /&gt;
# For efficient reading, we're especially looking for volumes that also include other issues from the reading order. They should probably also be published in your country, indicated by the flag icon. If you don't want to put in a lot of effort coordinating volumes, you can just pick one and move on to the next step. If you don't mind the work, there are a couple of ways to do it:&lt;br /&gt;
#* The hard way: View some promising collections for an issue and compare their contents to the issues in the reading order. You're looking for stories in the collection that say they're reprints &amp;quot;from&amp;quot; an issue in your reading order. For example, [https://www.comics.org/issue/59761/ Superman: The Action Comics Archives #1] has a section called &amp;quot;[Action Comics #1].&amp;quot; In that section the reprints list has one item, &amp;quot;from Action Comics (DC, 1938 series) #1 (June 1938).&amp;quot; Down the page in the section called &amp;quot;[Action Comics #6]&amp;quot; there's another reprinted issue from our reading order, Action Comics (DC, 1938 series) #6.&lt;br /&gt;
#* The less hard way: Search for each issue and compare their lists of reprints. This method seems simpler, so I recommend this over the first one. You won't have to hunt through so many GCD pages looking for reprinted issues. For example, [https://www.comics.org/issue/293/ Action Comics (DC, 1938 series) #1] and [https://www.comics.org/issue/2894/ Action Comics #60] both list the collection [https://www.comics.org/issue/1540211/ Superman: The War Years 1938-1945]. Unfortunately, that collection only includes the cover from Action Comics #60 and not any of its stories, so you'd have to look somewhere else for the whole issue, or at least the relevant parts. [https://www.comics.org/issue/1658497/ Superman: The Golden Age Omnibus #3] contains the 12-page Superman-related story from that issue.&lt;br /&gt;
# Once you've chosen one or more collections and you're ready to read, then buy or borrow them.&lt;br /&gt;
# Repeat this procedure till you've finished your reading plan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Conclusion ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As you can see, compiling a complete list of DC event collections takes a lot of time. We can be grateful that others have done most of the work for us. If there's more work to be done, it might be the kind that can be largely automated. If you have programming skills, that could be a worthwhile project.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Procedures]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Complete]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=420</id>
		<title>DC Event Collection Reading Order</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=420"/>
		<updated>2019-04-02T04:56:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added publication dates, Wikipedia article links, and tie-ins. Switched book links to Wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Levels ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've assigned each event a level that indicates its importance. These will let you be selective if you don't want to read every event. You can limit your reading to levels 1 and 2, for example, if you only care about events that affect DC's whole universe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Level 1: These are publisher-wide events that are so important that they organize the whole list.&lt;br /&gt;
* Level 2: These are less important publisher-wide events.&lt;br /&gt;
* Level 3: These events involve smaller sets of characters, but they're important enough to merit their own Wikipedia articles.&lt;br /&gt;
* Level 4: These are smaller events that don't have their own articles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pre-''Crisis'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Flash of Two Worlds'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Crisis on Earth-One!'', ''Crisis on Earth-Two!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''JLA: Zatanna's Search'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern'' #40, ''Secret Origin of the Guardians!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern/Green Arrow: Snowbirds Don't Fly'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Showcase'' #100 ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Crisis on Earth Prime'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow?'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Watchmen'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' and post-''Crisis'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Publication date: 1985-1986&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_on_Infinite_Earths ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' - main series [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1563897504 Wikipedia Book Sources (softcover)]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Crisis on Infinite Earths Companion Deluxe Edition Vol. 1'' - tie-ins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401274595 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Legends'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Millennium'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Cosmic Odyssey'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Invasion!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Suicide Squad: The Janus Directive'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: A Lonely Place of Dying'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Armageddon 2001'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''War of the Gods'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Eclipso: The Darkness Within'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Panic in the Sky'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Death of Superman'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Trinity'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Knightfall'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Bloodlines'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Justice League: Breakdowns'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''End of an Era'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Fall of Metropolis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Zero Hour: Crisis in Time'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Way of the Warrior'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Underworld Unleashed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Flash: Dead Heat'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Final Night'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Contagion'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Genesis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Cataclysm'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''DC One Million'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Behold! The Millennium Giants!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Day of Judgment'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''JLApe: Gorilla Warfare!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Flash: Chain Lightning'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superboy: The Evil Factory'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Our Worlds at War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Joker: Last Laugh'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Bruce Wayne: Fugitive'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''A World Without Young Justice'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''JSA: Black Reign'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Identity Crisis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Infinite Crisis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Amazons Attack'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Sinestro Corps War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Final Crisis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Blackest Night'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: New Krypton'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Reign of Doomsday'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Flashpoint'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Publication date: 2011&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flashpoint_(comics) ''Flashpoint'' - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Time Masters: Vanishing Point'' - prelude [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401230474 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ''The Flash Volume 2: The Road to Flashpoint'' - prelude [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401232795 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint'' - main series [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401233384 Wikipedia Book Sources (softcover)]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint: The World of Flashpoint Featuring The Flash'' - tie-ins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401234089 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint: The World of Flashpoint Featuring Wonder Woman'' - tie-ins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401234100 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint: The World of Flashpoint Featuring Superman'' - tie-ins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401234348 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint: The World of Flashpoint Featuring Batman'' - tie-ins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401234054 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint: The World of Flashpoint Featuring Green Lantern'' - tie-ins [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1401234062 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Post-''Flashpoint'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The New 52'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''I, Vampire: Rise of the Vampires'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Culling: Rise of the Ravagers'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern: Rise of the Third Army'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Rotworld'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Hawkman: Wanted'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Black Diamond Probabilty'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Death of the Family'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: H'El on Earth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Justice League: Throne of Atlantis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Requiem'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Psi War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Zero Year'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Justice League: Trinity War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Forever Evil'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern: Lights Out'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Supergirl: Red Daughter of Krypton'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Gothtopia'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Doomed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern: Uprising'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Endgame'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lanterns/New Gods: Godhead'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The New 52: Futures End'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Earth 2: World's End'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Convergence'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Truth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Darkseid War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Robin War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Savage Dawn'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Final Days of Superman'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== DC Rebirth ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Publication date: 2016&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_Rebirth DC Rebirth - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''DC Universe: Rebirth Deluxe Edition'' [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources?isbn=9781401270728 Wikipedia Book Sources]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Post-''DC Rebirth'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Night of the Monster Men'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Justice League vs. Suicide Squad'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman Reborn'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman/The Flash: The Button'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Titans: The Lazarus Contract'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Dark Nights: Metal'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Doomsday Clock'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Super Sons of Tomorrow'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Milk Wars'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Wedding'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Sink Atlantis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Heroes in Crisis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Witching Hour'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Drowned Earth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Event Leviathan'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_DC_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of DC Comics crossover events - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/events/ DC Events Timeline and Recommended Reading - All Timelines]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=419</id>
		<title>DC Event Collection Reading Order</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=419"/>
		<updated>2019-03-31T01:08:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the rest of the headings and all the levels, along with an explanation of them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Levels ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've assigned each event a level that indicates its importance. These will let you be selective if you don't want to read every event. You can limit your reading to levels 1 and 2, for example, if you only care about events that affect DC's whole universe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Level 1: These are publisher-wide events that are so important that they organize the whole list.&lt;br /&gt;
* Level 2: These are less important publisher-wide events.&lt;br /&gt;
* Level 3: These events involve smaller sets of characters, but they're important enough to merit their own Wikipedia articles.&lt;br /&gt;
* Level 4: These are smaller events that don't have their own articles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pre-''Crisis'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Flash of Two Worlds'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Crisis on Earth-One!'', ''Crisis on Earth-Two!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''JLA: Zatanna's Search'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern'' #40, ''Secret Origin of the Guardians!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern/Green Arrow: Snowbirds Don't Fly'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Showcase'' #100 ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Crisis on Earth Prime'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow?'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Watchmen'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' and post-''Crisis'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9752473 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Legends'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Millennium'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Cosmic Odyssey'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Invasion!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Suicide Squad: The Janus Directive'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: A Lonely Place of Dying'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Armageddon 2001'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''War of the Gods'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Eclipso: The Darkness Within'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Panic in the Sky'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Death of Superman'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Trinity'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Knightfall'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Bloodlines'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Justice League: Breakdowns'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''End of an Era'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Fall of Metropolis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Zero Hour: Crisis in Time'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Way of the Warrior'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Underworld Unleashed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Flash: Dead Heat'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Final Night'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Contagion'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Genesis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Cataclysm'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''DC One Million'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Behold! The Millennium Giants!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Day of Judgment'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''JLApe: Gorilla Warfare!'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Flash: Chain Lightning'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superboy: The Evil Factory'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Our Worlds at War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Joker: Last Laugh'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Bruce Wayne: Fugitive'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''A World Without Young Justice'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''JSA: Black Reign'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Identity Crisis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Infinite Crisis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Amazons Attack'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Sinestro Corps War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Final Crisis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Blackest Night'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: New Krypton'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Reign of Doomsday'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Flashpoint'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11695736 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Post-''Flashpoint'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The New 52'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''I, Vampire: Rise of the Vampires'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Culling: Rise of the Ravagers'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern: Rise of the Third Army'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Rotworld'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Hawkman: Wanted'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Black Diamond Probabilty'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Death of the Family'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: H'El on Earth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Justice League: Throne of Atlantis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Requiem'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Psi War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Zero Year'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Justice League: Trinity War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Forever Evil'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern: Lights Out'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Supergirl: Red Daughter of Krypton'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Gothtopia'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman: Doomed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lantern: Uprising'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Endgame'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Green Lanterns/New Gods: Godhead'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The New 52: Futures End'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Earth 2: World's End'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Convergence'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Truth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Darkseid War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Robin War'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Savage Dawn'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Final Days of Superman'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''DC Rebirth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''DC Universe: Rebirth Deluxe Edition'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18628182 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Post-''DC Rebirth'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman: Night of the Monster Men'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Justice League vs. Suicide Squad'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Superman Reborn'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Batman/The Flash: The Button'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Titans: The Lazarus Contract'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Dark Nights: Metal'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Doomsday Clock'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Super Sons of Tomorrow'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Milk Wars'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Wedding'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Sink Atlantis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Heroes in Crisis'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''The Witching Hour'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Drowned Earth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Event Leviathan'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Level 3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_DC_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of DC Comics crossover events - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/events/ DC Events Timeline and Recommended Reading - All Timelines]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=418</id>
		<title>DC Event Collection Reading Order</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=418"/>
		<updated>2019-03-30T19:48:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the Sources section.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Pre-''Crisis'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' and post-''Crisis'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9752473 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Flashpoint'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11695736 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Post-''Flashpoint'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''DC Rebirth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''DC Universe: Rebirth Deluxe Edition'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18628182 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Post-''DC Rebirth'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_history_of_DC_Comics_crossover_events Publication history of DC Comics crossover events - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.alltimelines.com/dc-comics-multiverse-chronology/events/ DC Events Timeline and Recommended Reading - All Timelines]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=417</id>
		<title>DC Event Collection Reading Order</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=DC_Event_Collection_Reading_Order&amp;diff=417"/>
		<updated>2019-03-30T19:44:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the article.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Pre-''Crisis'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' and post-''Crisis'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/9752473 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Flashpoint'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''Flashpoint'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11695736 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Post-''Flashpoint'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''DC Rebirth'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* ''DC Universe: Rebirth Deluxe Edition'' [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18628182 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Post-''DC Rebirth'' ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Comics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=416</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=416"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T23:22:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added an item on reference formatting to the planned updates.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Kathy Acker - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Djuna Barnes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Jane Bowles - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. H.D. - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Toni Morrison - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Bharati Mukherjee - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Anaïs Nin - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Joyce Carol Oates - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Jean Rhys - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Dorothy Richardson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Gertrude Stein - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Virginia Woolf - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Russell Atkins - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Amiri Baraka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Jayne Cortez - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Negro Digest - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Langston Hughes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Ted Joans - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Percy Johnston - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Bob Kaufman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley William Melvin Kelley - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Nathaniel Mackey - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Clarence Major - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Tracie Morris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Harryette Mullen - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Claudia Rankine - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Gil Scott-Heron - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Lorenzo Thomas (poet) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Melvin B. Tolson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Jean Toomer - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Umbra (poets) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani G. V. Desani - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wilson Harris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Dambudzo Marechera - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Mudrooroo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Ben Okri - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Salman Rushdie - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Vikram Seth - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wole Soyinka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Amos Tutuola - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Derek Walcott - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Tomas Alfredson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Italo Calvino - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Umberto Eco - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Kenneth Goldsmith - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Robert Coover - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Angela Carter - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Aimee Bender - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Mark Leyner - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Ars Poetica (Horace) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Iain Banks - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Stephen Baxter (author) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Paul Park - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
* Normalize the reference formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=415</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=415"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T23:19:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added item on empty categories to the planned updates.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Kathy Acker - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Djuna Barnes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Jane Bowles - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. H.D. - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Toni Morrison - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Bharati Mukherjee - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Anaïs Nin - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Joyce Carol Oates - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Jean Rhys - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Dorothy Richardson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Gertrude Stein - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Virginia Woolf - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Russell Atkins - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Amiri Baraka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Jayne Cortez - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Negro Digest - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Langston Hughes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Ted Joans - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Percy Johnston - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Bob Kaufman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley William Melvin Kelley - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Nathaniel Mackey - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Clarence Major - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Tracie Morris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Harryette Mullen - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Claudia Rankine - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Gil Scott-Heron - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Lorenzo Thomas (poet) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Melvin B. Tolson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Jean Toomer - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Umbra (poets) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani G. V. Desani - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wilson Harris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Dambudzo Marechera - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Mudrooroo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Ben Okri - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Salman Rushdie - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Vikram Seth - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wole Soyinka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Amos Tutuola - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Derek Walcott - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Tomas Alfredson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Italo Calvino - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Umberto Eco - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Kenneth Goldsmith - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Robert Coover - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Angela Carter - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Aimee Bender - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Mark Leyner - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Ars Poetica (Horace) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Iain Banks - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Stephen Baxter (author) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Paul Park - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links to the empty categories.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=414</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=414"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T23:17:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added links to Anglophone postcolonial poetry, Avant-Pop, Manifestos and Ars Poetica, Post-criticism, Experimental genre fiction, and Information design.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Kathy Acker - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Djuna Barnes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Jane Bowles - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. H.D. - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Toni Morrison - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Bharati Mukherjee - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Anaïs Nin - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Joyce Carol Oates - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Jean Rhys - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Dorothy Richardson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Gertrude Stein - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Virginia Woolf - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Russell Atkins - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Amiri Baraka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Jayne Cortez - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Negro Digest - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Langston Hughes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Ted Joans - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Percy Johnston - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Bob Kaufman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley William Melvin Kelley - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Nathaniel Mackey - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Clarence Major - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Tracie Morris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Harryette Mullen - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Claudia Rankine - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Gil Scott-Heron - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Lorenzo Thomas (poet) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Melvin B. Tolson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Jean Toomer - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Umbra (poets) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._V._Desani G. V. Desani - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_Harris Wilson Harris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambudzo_Marechera Dambudzo Marechera - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrooroo Mudrooroo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri Ben Okri - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdie Salman Rushdie - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Seth Vikram Seth - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wole_Soyinka Wole Soyinka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tutuola Amos Tutuola - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Walcott Derek Walcott - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Avant-Pop: Fiction for a Daydream Nation (Black Ice Books) by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/512144 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* After Yesterday's Crash: The Avant-Pop Anthology by Larry McCaffery [[https://www.librarything.com/work/771064 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Alfredson Tomas Alfredson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo_Calvino Italo Calvino - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Eco Umberto Eco - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Betrayed by Rita Hayworth by Manuel Puig [[https://www.librarything.com/work/128453 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs [[https://www.librarything.com/work/5852 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Lost in the Funhouse by John Barth [[https://www.librarything.com/work/29286 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Industrial Poetics: Demo Tracks for a Mobile Culture (Contemp North American Poetry) by Joe Amato [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2881291 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Goldsmith Kenneth Goldsmith - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Coover Robert Coover - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Carter Angela Carter - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimee_Bender Aimee Bender - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* White Noise by Don DeLillo [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4953 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/10088 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Leyner Mark Leyner - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Traveling to Utopia: With a Brief History of the Technology by Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries [[https://www.librarything.com/work/11864011 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Poetica_(Horace) Ars Poetica (Horace) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ars Poetica by Archibald MacLeish [[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/17168/ars-poetica full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Heuretics: The Logic of Invention by Gregory L. Ulmer [[https://www.librarything.com/work/173585 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Iron Council by China Miéville [[https://www.librarything.com/work/4813 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Vellum: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/47894 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Ink: The Book of All Hours by Hal Duncan [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1162726 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Banks Iain Banks - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Baxter_(author) Stephen Baxter (author) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Park Paul Park - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Century Rain by Alastair Reynolds [[https://www.librarything.com/work/48231 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Blindsight by Peter Watts [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1333265 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Books of Blood | Series [[https://www.librarything.com/series/Books+of+Blood LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Neverwhere: The Author's Preferred Text by Neil Gaiman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/14623622 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Mark Z. Danielewski's House of leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski [[https://www.librarything.com/work/1488 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Everlasting by Tim Lebbon [[https://www.librarything.com/work/2811046 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Exercises in Style by Raymond Queneau [[https://www.librarything.com/work/39048 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman [[https://www.librarything.com/work/151208 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation by Peter Norvig [[https://norvig.com/Gettysburg/ full text]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century by Patrik Ouředník [[https://www.librarything.com/work/179330 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
* 2666 by Roberto Bolaño [[https://www.librarything.com/work/996213 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=413</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=413"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T22:58:19Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added author Wikipedia links to the women writer and African-American poet sections.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Acker Kathy Acker - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuna_Barnes Djuna Barnes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bowles Jane Bowles - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.D. H.D. - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Morrison Toni Morrison - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Mukherjee Bharati Mukherjee - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Nin Anaïs Nin - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates Joyce Carol Oates - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Rhys Jean Rhys - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Richardson Dorothy Richardson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein Gertrude Stein - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Woolf Virginia Woolf - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Atkins Russell Atkins - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri_Baraka Amiri Baraka - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayne_Cortez Jayne Cortez - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Digest Negro Digest - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes Langston Hughes - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Joans Ted Joans - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Johnston Percy Johnston - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kaufman Bob Kaufman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Melvin_Kelley William Melvin Kelley - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Mackey Nathaniel Mackey - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Major Clarence Major - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracie_Morris Tracie Morris - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harryette_Mullen Harryette Mullen - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Rankine Claudia Rankine - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron Gil Scott-Heron - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas_(poet) Lorenzo Thomas (poet) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin_B._Tolson Melvin B. Tolson - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer Jean Toomer - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbra_(poets) Umbra (poets) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=412</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=412"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T22:50:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Converted link paragraphs to list items.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=411</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=411"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T08:35:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added topical Wikipedia links.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(literature) Futurism (literature) - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism Expressionism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism Surrealism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdist_fiction Absurdist fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_American_Poetry_1945%E2%80%931960 The New American Poetry 1945–1960 - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouveau_roman Nouveau roman - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Quel Tel Quel - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettrism Lettrism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situationist_International Situationist International - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_writing Constrained writing - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulipo Oulipo - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafiction Metafiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern_literature Postmodern literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonial_literature Postcolonial literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-postmodernism Post-postmodernism - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifesto Manifesto - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_poets Language poets - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_poetry Concrete poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_poetry Found poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_comics Alternative comics - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberature Liberature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_fiction Interactive fiction - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_poetry Code poetry - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_game Art game - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=410</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=410"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T08:25:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Streamlined the headings. Removed Transmedia narrative for now.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Expressionism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Surrealism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Absurdism ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodern literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde women writers ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Twentieth century avant-garde African-American poets ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Anglophone postcolonial poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and ''Ars Poetica'' ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Language poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry and &amp;quot;uncreative writing&amp;quot; ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Literary inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural narratives ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental genre fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=409</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=409"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T07:23:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Fixed the RCEL abbreviations.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RCEL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RCEL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The poetics of animism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The surrealist experiments with language ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The literary absurd ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodernism and experiment ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Sexing the text ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experiments in black ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The limits of hybridity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and Ars Poetica ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== The expanded field of L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry, &amp;quot;uncreative writing,&amp;quot; and the art of appropriation ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural voices, minds, and narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Rotting time ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature and experimentation ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Transmedia narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=408</id>
		<title>Experimental Literature Links</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.thinkulum.net/w/index.php?title=Experimental_Literature_Links&amp;diff=408"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T07:22:22Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Andy Culbertson: Added the RCEL outline.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is a list of links to authors, works, and categories in experimental literature. Its purpose is to give you a starting point for exploring works in this set of genres.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've based the list's organization on ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature'' (RECL), a collection of scholarly essays on the subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project is a work in progress.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How to use this list ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If a category is well established in the field, I've linked to its Wikipedia article. If the author of the RECL article was conducting their own survey of the category, I've listed the authors and works they cover with links to Wikipedia and LibraryThing wherever corresponding pages are available. I've also included links to a work's full text when that's available and links to background information from other sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wikipedia ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wikipedia articles will give you background information on their subject, and they'll usually contain bibliographies that will point you to works related to that subject, such as works in the category or works by the author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LibraryThing ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
LibraryThing is a social library catalog website that lets you catalog your collection. Here I'm using it for its recommendation features and its links to other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When you visit a work's LibraryThing page, you can find related works in the &amp;quot;LibraryThing Recommendations&amp;quot; section and the &amp;quot;Member recommendations&amp;quot; section. You can also click on the tags users have assigned to it. Each tag link takes you to a page for that tag, which lists other works that have been assigned it, as well as related tags, subjects, and tagmashes, which are combinations of tags. You can [https://wiki.librarything.com/index.php/HelpThing:Tagmash create your own tagmashes].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper right sidebar of a work's LibraryThing page, you'll find links to its corresponding page on other catalog websites, such as Amazon, Google Books, and WorldCat, a shared catalog of physical libraries worldwide. These sites will often let you look through a preview of the book. They'll also give you ways to find other related works, usually by recommendations or subject links on the work's page. If you're logged in, you can edit this section to show links from a long list of other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== General ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_literature Experimental literature - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bray, Joe, Alison Gibbons, and Brian McHale, eds. ''The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature''. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge, 2015. [[https://www.librarything.com/work/18336113 LibraryThing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The historical avant-gardes ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modernist-era experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Italian Futurism and Russian Cubo-Futurism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The poetics of animism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The surrealist experiments with language ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The literary absurd ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Postmodernist experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Spontaneity and improvisation in postwar experimental poetry ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The nouveau roman and Tel Quel ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Lettrism and situationism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== OuLiPo and proceduralism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Metafiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Postmodernism and experiment ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with identity ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Sexing the text ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experiments in black ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== The limits of hybridity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== The new experimentalism ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Avant-Pop ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-postmodernism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Globalization and transnationalism ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Altermodernist fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Manifestos and Ars Poetica ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Post-criticism ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: printed matter ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with language ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== The expanded field of L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Concrete poetry and prose ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Found poetry, &amp;quot;uncreative writing,&amp;quot; and the art of appropriation ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Words in visual art ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Hoax-poetry and inauthenticity ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with narrative and fiction ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Unnatural voices, minds, and narration ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Impossible worlds ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Experimental life writing ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Rotting time ====&lt;br /&gt;
=== Experiments with form and design ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Graphic narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Multimodal literature and experimentation ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Information design, emergent culture and experimental form in the novel ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Interactive fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
== Experiment now: beyond the page ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== The digital age ===&lt;br /&gt;
==== Digital fiction ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Code poetry and new-media literature ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Computer gaming ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Virtual autobiography ====&lt;br /&gt;
==== Transmedia narrative ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Planned updates ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add a description for each category.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add authors and works for the categories that only have general links.&lt;br /&gt;
* Add links from other sites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Developing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Experimental Literature]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Andy Culbertson</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>